| 1. |
- Elsik, Christine G., et al.
(författare)
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The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle : A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 324:5926, s. 522-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.
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| 2. |
- Haus, Jacob M, et al.
(författare)
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Contractile and connective tissue protein content of human skeletal muscle: : effects of 35 and 90 days of simulated microgravity and exercise countermeasures.
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6119 .- 1522-1490. ; 293:4, s. 1722-1727
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the effects of 35 and 90 days of simulated microgravity with or without resistance-exercise (RE) countermeasures on the content of the general skeletal muscle protein fractions (mixed, sarcoplasmic, and myofibrillar) and specific proteins that are critical for muscle function (myosin, actin, and collagen). Subjects from two studies, using either unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) or bed rest (BR), comprised four separate groups: 35 days ULLS (n =11), 35 days ULLS+RE (n = 10), 90 days BR (n = 9), and 90 days BR+RE (n = 8). RE consisted of four sets of seven maximal concentric and eccentric repetitions of the quadriceps femoris muscles that were performed 2 or 3 times per week. Pre- and post-simulated weightlessness muscle biopsies were analyzed from the vastus lateralis of all groups and the soleus of the 35-day ULLS and 90-day BR groups. The general protein fractions and the specific proteins myosin, actin, and collagen of the vastus lateralis were unchanged (P > 0.05) in both control and countermeasures groups over 35 and 90 days, despite large changes in quadriceps femoris muscle volume (35 days ULLS: -9%, 35 days ULLS+RE: +8%; and 90 days BR: -18%, 90 days BR+RE: -1%). The soleus demonstrated a decrease in mixed (35 days ULLS: -12%, P = 0.0001; 90 days BR: -12%, P = 0.004) and myofibrillar (35 days ULLS: -12%, P = 0.009; 90 days BR: -8%, P = 0.04) protein, along with large changes in triceps surae muscle volume (35 days ULLS: -11%; 90 days BR: -29%). Despite the loss of quadriceps femoris muscle volume or preservation with RE countermeasures during simulated microgravity, the quadriceps femoris muscles are able to maintain the concentrations of the general protein pools and the main contractile and connective tissue elements. Soleus muscle protein composition appears to be disproportionately altered during long-duration simulated weightlessness.
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| 3. |
- Paulsson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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An overview of wheel–rail interface related research in the European project INNOTRACK including issues in technical and economical validation
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings 8th International Conference on Contact Mechanics and Wear of Rail/Wheel Systems. ; , s. 8 pp-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The INNOTRACK project (www.innotrack.eu) is a European research project within the 6th Framework Programme. The aim of the INNOTRACK project is to deliver innovative track-related solutions to reduce life cycle costs and improve the reliability, availability, maintainability and safety of the rail sector. The current paper gives an overview of work in INNOTRACK of relevance for the CM2009 conference. The work presented in this paper focuses on innovative processes and methodologies. Topics discussed concern rail selection, installation, inspection and maintenance and also the optimisation of switches and crossings. Finally a discussion on technical, logistical and economical verifications of proposed solutions is presented. Many of the topics included in this overview paper are presented in detail in other contributions to the CM2009 conference.
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| 4. |
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Visioning and Engineering the Knowledge Society - A Web Science Perspective : Second World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2009, Chania, Crete, Greece, September 2009. Proceedings
- 2009
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book, in conjunction with the volume CCIS 49, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second World Summit, WSKS 2009, held in Chania, Crete, Greece, in September 2008.The 62 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 256 submissions. The papers are deal with information technologies - knowledge management systems - e-business and business, organizational and inter-organizational information systems for the Knowledge Society, knowledge, learning, education, learning technologies and e-learning for the Knowledge Society, social and humanistic computing for the Knowledge Society – emerging technologies for the society and the humanity, culture and cultural heritage - technology for culture management - management of tourism and entertainment - tourism networks in the Knowledge Society, e-government and e-democracy in the Knowledge Society, innovation, sustainable development and strategic management for the Knowledge Society, service science, management, engineering, and technology, intellectual and human capital development in the Knowledge Society, advanced applications for environmental protection and green economy management, future prospects for the Knowledge Society: from foresight studies to projects and public policies, technologies and business models for the creative industries.
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