| 1. |
- Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
-
Hyperarousal, depression and quality of life - Validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Hyperarousal Scale
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 20:1, s. 58-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Research focusing on hyperarousability in association with general sensitivity to stress has increased. This study aimed to: (i) describe values for self-reported hyperarousal behaviour traits, depression, sleeplessness behaviour and health-related quality of life [The Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)] in a gender-stratified random sample from the Swedish population, and (ii) test the validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Hyperarousal Behavioural Trait Scale (H-scale). Methods: In this study, 402 women and 391 men from Sweden were included. A test-retest study was performed on 297 subjects. Results: The total mean score on the H-scale was 29.5 (SD 10.0, 95% CI 28.8-30.2). Compared to men, women scored higher on the H-scale (total score, sub-scales and many items), whereas no evidence of an age trend was seen. The H-scale has proven to be a valid and reliable scale. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed similar magnitude and direction between the H-scale and the Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, as between the H-scale and the Vicious Cycle of Sleeplessness Behaviour Scale, Vitality, Mental Health and the Mental Component Summary index on the SF-36 respectively. The Cronbach's alpha for the H-scale was 0.84 and estimated stability test-retest point of time varies between 0.73 and 0.80. Conclusions: This study indicates gender differences in response style in association with altered health-related quality of life. The H-scale is a valid and reliable self-reported scale for measuring hyperarousal behavioural trait research outcome in clinical practice. © 2006 Nordic College of Caring Science.
|
|
| 2. |
- Enthoven, Paul, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictive factors for 1-year and 5-year outcome for disability in a working population of patients with low back pain treated in primary care
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 122:1-2, s. 137-144
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many patients seeking primary care for low back pain continue to report disability several years after their initial visit. The aims of this study were to assess the independent predictive value of a number of potential predictive factors for disability at the 1-year and 5-year follow-ups, and to examine whether prediction models were improved by replacing baseline health-state-related variables with corresponding variables after treatment. A further aim was to describe possible differences between those on sick leave, early retirement or disability pension, and those who were not. Baseline factors were age, gender, self-reported physical-activity-related and work-related factors, expectations of treatment, similar problems previously, duration of episode, more than one localization, sick leave, pain frequency, disability, and well-being. The study sample comprised 148 participants in a previous randomized trial who were eligible for sick-leave benefits. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors. At the 5-year follow-up, 37% (n = 19/52) of the patients with disability were on sick leave or were receiving early retirement or disability pension. For those without disability the corresponding figure was 9% (n = 8/92). Being a woman, duration of the current episode, similar problems during the previous 5 years, exercise level before the current episode, pain frequency at baseline, and disability after treatment emerged as predictive factors for disability at the 5-year follow-up. Replacing baseline health-state-related measures with corresponding measures after the treatment period, and adding physical-activity-related and possibly work-related factors might improve the likelihood of predicting future disability.
|
|
| 3. |
- Gao, Jingfang, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Association of NFKBIA polymorphism with colorectal cancer risk and prognosis in Swedish and Chinese populations
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 42:3, s. 345-350
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The inhibitory proteins, IκBs, regulate the activity of nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κB), which is implicated in tumorigenesis by regulating expression of a variety of genes involved in cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Variants in the genes encoding IκBs may be involved in cancer development through the activation of NF-κB. The objective of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of an A to G variation (rs696) in the 3′ UTR of NFKBIA (encoding IκBα) to colorectal cancer (CRC) and the association of this polymorphism with clinicopathologic variables in CRC patients. Material and methods. A case-control study was carried out on a Swedish (155 CRCs, 438 controls) and a Chinese population (199 CRCs, 577 controls). The genotype of NFKBIA was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results. The frequency of the AG genotype was increased in the Chinese patients ≥50 years of age compared with the Chinese controls (odds ratio (OR) = 3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.55-6.02, p=0.001), even when adjusted for age (OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.61-6.38, p=0.001). The GG genotype of NFKBIA was related to a poorer survival rate in the Swedish patients, independent of gender, age, tumour location, Dukes' stage and differentiation (hazard ratio = 3.10, 95% Cl = 1.28-7.60, p=0.01). Conclusions. Chinese individuals ≥50 years of age carrying the AG genotype of NFKBIA may be at an increased risk of developing CRC, and the GG genotype of NFKBIA may be considered as a prognostic factor for Swedish CRC patients. © 2007 Taylor & Francis.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Jacobsson, Fredric, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Caring externalities in health economic evaluation : How are they related to severity of illness?
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Health Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8510 .- 1872-6054. ; 73:2, s. 172-182
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In health economic evaluations, altruistic preferences in the form of caring externalities, i.e. that people care about others' health, is usually not taken into account. In this study we examined how people value their own and others' health. This pilot study was carried out by letting people answer willingness to pay (WTP) questionnaires where internal WTP (own health) and altruistic WTP (others' health) were isolated and examined. A common method used in health economic evaluations is cost-utility analysis, which is based on the maximisation of QALYs. QALY maximisation may be appropriate if altruistic preferences are non-existent or if they are linear in relation to internal preferences (QALYs gained). We found evidence for the existence of altruistic preferences and that these preferences were relatively higher for severe health states (and lower for mild states of health) compared to internal preferences, i.e. when severity of illness increased, the relative increase in caring was higher concerning others than oneself. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that more attention and resources should be directed to severe health states, as compared to mild health states, than advocated by internal preferences in order to obtain more efficient resource allocation in the health care sector. © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
- Juliusson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitude towards remission induction for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia influences survival.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 20:1, s. 42-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combination chemotherapy may induce remission from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but validated criteria for treatment of elderly are lacking. The remission intention ( RI) rate for elderly patients, as reported to the Swedish Leukemia Registry, was known to be different when comparing the six health care regions, but the consequences of different management are unknown. The Leukemia Registry, containing 1672 AML patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2001, with 98% coverage and a median follow-up of 4 years, was completed with data from the compulsory cancer and population registries. Among 506 treated and untreated patients aged 70-79 years with AML (non-APL), there was a direct correlation between the RI rate in each health region ( range 36-76%) and the two-year overall survival, with no censored observations (6-21%) ( v 2 for trend = 11.3, P < 0.001; r(2) = 0.86, P < 0.02, nonparametric). A 1-month landmark analysis showed significantly better survival in regions with higher RI rates ( P = 0.003). Differences could not be explained by demographics, and was found in both de novo and secondary leukemias. The 5-year survival of the overall population aged 70-79 years was similar between the regions. Survival of 70-79-year-old AML patients is better in regions where more elderly patients are judged eligible for remission induction.
|
|
| 7. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mortality in relation to disability pension : findings from a 12-year prospective population-based cohort study in Sweden.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:4, s. 341-347
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Knowledge is limited regarding the association between disability pension (DP) and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the relative risk (RR) of mortality associated with DP among women and men of different ages over a 12-year period, for DP in general, and for full-time DP, part-time DP, and DP for labour-market reasons, respectively. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed covering the total population of the Swedish county of Östergötland aged 16—64 years in December 1984 (n=245,704) followed up from 1985 to 1996. The RR of mortality was analysed in relation to DP, age, and gender using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The RR of mortality was higher for DP recipients than for individuals without DP, and this was true for both women (RR 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.63 to 2.96) and men (RR 2.97, CI 2.83 to 3.11), and for all age groups. The RR of mortality was highest among the youngest DP recipients. The RR of mortality was especially high the first year of DP and remained elevated over the whole follow-up period. The RR of mortality among part-time DP recipients was lower than among full-time DP recipients and was significantly higher than seen for non-DP recipients. Individuals granted DP for labour-market reasons exhibited much lower RR of mortality than all other DP recipients. Conclusions: Further research is needed to investigate which factors explain the very high RR of mortality among disability pensioners.
|
|
| 8. |
- Karlsson, Nadine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
Risk factors for disability pension in a population-based cohort of men and women on long-term sick leave in Sweden
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 18:3, s. 224-231
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Knowledge on predictors of disability pension is very limited. The aim was to assess the importance of sick-leave diagnosis and socio-demographic variables as risk factors for disability pension among individuals on long-term sickness absence and to compare these factors by gender and over time. Methods: A prospective population-based cohort study in Östergötland County, Sweden, included 19 379 individuals who, in 1985-87, were aged 16-60 years and had a new spell of long-term sickness absence lasting <56 days. Follow-up was done in two time frames: 0-5 and 6-10 years after inclusion. The risk of disability pension in relation to sick-leave diagnosis and socio-demographic factors was assessed by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results: In 5 years, after inclusion, 28% of the cohort had been granted disability pension. Those with higher age, low income, previous sick leave, no employment and non-Swedish origin had higher risk of disability pension, while those with young children had lower risk. Considering the inclusion diagnosis, the pattern differed between men and women (P < 0.001). Among men, those with mental disorders had the highest risk and among women those with musculoskeletal disorders. Except for income, the effect of which was reversed over time, the overall pattern of disability pension predictors remained 6-10 years after inclusion but was attenuated. Conclusion: Besides socio-demographic risk factors, the sick-leave diagnoses constitute an important both medium and long-term predictor of disability pension among both men and women on long-term sickness absence. © 2008. The Author(s).
|
|
| 9. |
- Lewander, Andreas, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Polymorphism in the promoter region of the NFKB1 gene increases the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer in Swedish but not in Chinese populations
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 42:11, s. 1332-1338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. An insertion/deletion polymorphism (-94ins/delATTG) in the promoter region of the NFKB1 gene correlates to an increased risk of ulcerative colitis, a known risk factor for colorectal cancer, but this polymorphism has not been studied in colorectal cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether this polymorphism is related to colorectal cancer risk and clinicopathological variables. Material and methods. Case samples were taken from four groups of Swedish patients: 193 unselected patients, 90 patients with ≥3 affected 1st-degree relatives, 85 patients with 2 affected 1st-degree relatives, and 109 sporadic cancer patients, and one group of 193 unselected Chinese patients. Controls included 439 Swedish and 458 Chinese healthy individuals. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results. The deletion increased the risk of colorectal cancer among Swedish unselected patients (OR=3.81, 95% CI: 2.17-6.69, p<0.0001 for heterozygote deletion, and OR=4.65, 95% CI: 2.43-8.89, p<0.0001 for homozygote deletion) and sporadic cancer patients (OR=7.73, 95% CI: 3.06-19.57, p<0.0001 for heterozygote deletion, and OR=6.58, 95% CI: 2.35-18.43, p<0.0001 for homozygote deletion) compared to homozygote insertion (wild-type), but not among the other Swedish or Chinese patients (p>0.05). Similar evidence was seen in age-adjusted analyses (p<0.0001). The polymorphism did not correlate to clinicopathological variables (p>0.05). Conclusions. Deletion of the polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancers in the Swedish population, but not in the Swedish patients with a family history of colorectal cancer or in Chinese patients. © 2007 Taylor & Francis.
|
|
| 10. |
- Nordenskjöld, Bo, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
-
Coronary heart disease mortality after 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy: results from a randomized trial
- 2005
-
Ingår i: J Natl Cancer Inst. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 97:21, s. 1609-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From January 1, 1983, through December 31, 1992, a total of 4610 patients entered a randomized trial that compared mortality among patients receiving 2 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy with that in patients receiving 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy, 4175 of whom were recurrence free after 2 years of tamoxifen therapy. Among the 2046 patients randomly assigned to the 5-year group all-cause mortality, breast cancer-specific mortality, and the incidence of contralateral breast cancer were reduced, compared with those among 2129 patients randomized in the 2-year group, but the incidence of endometrial cancer was increased. In addition, mortality from coronary heart disease was statistically significantly reduced in the 5-year group, compared with that in the 2-year group (hazard ratio = 0.67, 95% confidence interval = 0.47 to 0.94; P = .022 [two-sided Wald test]). Ten years after surgery, 2.1% of the patients in the 5-year group and 3.5% of those in the 2-year group had died from coronary heart disease. No statistically significant increases in mortality from other heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, or other vascular diseases were observed.
|
|
