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- Carlen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Functional integration of adult-born neurons
- 2002
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Ingår i: Current Biology. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 12:7, s. 606-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decade, it has become clear that neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain continuously generate new neurons, predominantly in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb [1]. However, the central issue of whether these new neurons participate in functional synaptic circuitry has yet to be resolved. Here, we use virus-based transsynaptic neuronal tracing and c-Fos mapping of odor-induced neuronal activity to demonstrate that neurons generated in the adult functionally integrate into the synaptic circuitry of the brain.
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- Falk, A, et al.
(författare)
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Gene delivery to adult neural stem cells
- 2002
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Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2422 .- 0014-4827. ; 279:1, s. 34-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neural stem cells may present an ideal route for gene therapy as well as offer new possibilities for the replacement of neurons lost to injury or disease. However, it has proved difficult to express ectopic genes in stem cells. We report methods to introduce genes into adult neural stem cells using viral and nonviral vectors in vitro and in vivo. Adenoviral and VSV-G-pseudotyped retroviral vectors are more efficient than plasmid transfection or VSV-G lentiviral transduction in vitro. We further show that adult neural stem cells can be directed to a neuronal fate by ectopic expression of neurogenin 2 in vitro. Plasmids can be delivered in vivo when complexed with linear polyethyleneimine, and gene expression can be targeted specifically to neural stem or progenitor cells by the use of specific promoters. These techniques may be utilized both to study the function of various genes in the differentiation of neural stem cells to specific cell fates and, ultimately, for gene therapy or to generate specific differentiated progeny for cell transplantation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).
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- Zhao, M., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian substantia nigra
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 100:13, s. 7925-7930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New neurons are generated from stem cells in a few regions of the adult mammalian brain. Here we provide evidence for the generation of dopaminergic projection neurons of the type that are lost in Parkinson's disease from stem cells in the adult rodent brain and show that the rate of neurogenesis is increased after a lesion. The number of new neurons generated under physiological conditions in substantial nigra pars compacta was found to be several orders of magnitude smaller than in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, if the rate of neuronal turnover is constant, the entire population of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra could be replaced during the lifespan of a mouse. These data indicate that neurogenesis in the adult brain is more widespread than previously thought and may have implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease.
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