| 1. |
- Kaput, J, et al.
(författare)
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The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health
- 2005
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Ingår i: The British journal of nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 94:5, s. 623-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene–nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need for new methodologies and the use of comprehensive analyses of nutrient–genotype interactions involving large and diverse populations. The objective of the present paper is to stimulate discourse and collaboration among nutrigenomic researchers and stakeholders, a process that will lead to an increase in global health and wellness by reducing health disparities in developed and developing countries.
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| 2. |
- Bradley, E. L., et al.
(författare)
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The BIOSAFEPAPER project for in vitro toxicity assessments : Preparation, detailed chemical characterisation and testing of extracts from paper and board samples
- 2008
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Ingår i: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 46:7, s. 2498-2509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nineteen food contact papers and boards and one non-food contact board were extracted following test protocols developed within European Union funded project BIOSAFEPAPER. The extraction media were either hot or cold water, 95% ethanol or Tenax, according to the end use of the sample. The extractable dry matter content of the samples varied from 1200 to 11,800 mg/kg (0.8-35.5 mg/dm2). According to GC-MS the main substances extracted into water were pulp-derived natural products such as fatty acids, resin acids, natural wood sterols and alkanols. Substances extracted into ethanol particularly, were diisopropylnaphthalenes, alkanes and phthalic acid esters. The non-food contact board showed the greatest number and highest concentrations of GC-MS detectable compounds. The extracts were subjected to a battery of in vitro toxicity tests measuring both acute and sublethal cytotoxicity and genotoxic effects. None of the water or Tenax extracts was positive in cytotoxicity or genotoxicity assays. The ethanol extract of the non-food contact board gave a positive response in the genotoxicity assays, and all four ethanol extracts gave positive response(s) in the cytotoxicity assays to some extent. These responses could not be pinpointed to any specific compound, although there appeared a correlation between the total amount of extractables and toxicity.
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| 3. |
- Pierrot, D., et al.
(författare)
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Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines
- 2009
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Ingår i: Deep-Sea Research II. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-0645. ; 56:8-10, s. 512-522
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to facilitate the collection of high quality and uniform surface water pCO2 data, an underway pCO2 instrument has been designed based on community input and is now commercially available. Along with instrumentation, agreements were reached on data reduction and quality control that can be easily applied to data from these systems by using custom-made freeware. This new automated underway pCO2 measuring system is designed to be accurate to within 0.1 μatm for atmospheric pCO2 measurements and to within 2 μatm for seawater pCO2, targeted by the scientific community to constrain the regional air–sea CO2 fluxes to 0.2 Pg C year−1. The procedure to properly reduce the underway pCO2 data and perform the steps necessary for calculation of the fugacity of CO2 from the measurements is described. This system is now widely used by the scientific community on many different types of ships. Combined with the recommended data-reduction procedures, it will facilitate producing data sets that will significantly decrease the uncertainty currently present in estimates of air–sea CO2 fluxes.
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