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| 2. |
- Cema, Grzegorz, et al.
(författare)
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Biological nitrogen removal from landfill leachate by deammonification assisted by heterotrophic denitrification in a rotating biological contactor (RBC)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 55:8-9, s. 35-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to negative environmental effects of nitrogen discharge to recipients and increasingly W stringent effluent standards, effective nitrogen removal is necessity. Biological methods are the simplest in and cheapest way to treat wastewater; however, it may become an extremely expensive option when high influent nitrogen concentrations are measured and there is a lack of biodegradable organic carbon. Therefore, there is a great need to find new solutions and improve existing technologies. The deammonification is an excellent example of such a new process that requires considerably low CA amounts of organic carbon and oxygen in comparison to conventional nitrification/denitrification. The main objective of presented research was to investigate an Anammox process accompanied with autotrophic nitrification and heterotrophic denitrification in one rotating biological contactor (RBC). During the research period, it was possible to carry out the Anammox process in low temperature below 20 degrees C. Additionally, it was found that the process is insensitive to high nitrite concentration in the reactor, up to 100 g NO2-N m(-3), resulting only in a temporary decrease in removal rates. Furthermore, analysis of data indicated that the Stover-Kincannon model can be used for the description of ammonium and nitrite removal processes.
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| 3. |
- Szatkowska, Beata, et al.
(författare)
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A one-stage system with partial nitritation and Anammox processes in the moving-bed biofilm reactor
- 2007
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 55:8-9, s. 19-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability of bacterial cultures to create biofilm brings a possibility to enhance biological 0 0 wastewater treatment efficiency. Moreover, the ability of Anammox and Nitrosomonas species to grow within the same biofilm layer enabled a one-stage system for nitrogen removal to be designed. Such a system, with Kaldnes rings as carriers for biofilm growth, was tested in a technical pilot plant scale (2.1 m(3)) at the Himmerfjarden Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Stockholm region. The system was directly supplied with supernatant originating from dewatering of digested sludge containing high ammonium concentrations. Nearly 1-year of operational data showed that during the partial nitritation/Anammox process, alkalinity was utilised parallel to ammonium removal. The process resulted in a small pH drop, and to its relationship with conductivity was found. The nitrogen removal rate for the whole period oscillated around 1.5g N m(-2) d(-1) with a maximum value equal to 1.9 g N m(-2) d(-1). Parallel to the pilot plant experiment a series of batch tests were run to investigate the influence on removal rates of different dissolved oxygen 4, conditions and addition of nitrite. The highest nitrogen removal rate (5.2 g N m(-2) d(-1)) in batch tests was obtained when the Anammox process was stimulated by the addition of nitrite. In the simultaneous partial nitritation and Anammox process, the partial nitritation was the rate-limiting step.
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