| 1. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Application ArcGIS on Modified-WQI Method to Evaluate Water Quality of the Euphrates River, Iraq, Using Physicochemical Parameters
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Sixth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. - Singapore : Springer. ; , s. 657-675
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global interest of the water bodies due to the water scarcity crisis encourages researchers to study the details water environment in different aspects. Consequently, this study objective to evaluate the water quality in the Euphrates River through adopted 11 physicochemical parameters measured at 16 locations during the 3 years (2009–2011) for both seasons (dry and wet). In this study, the water quality index model (WQIM) was calculated after modifying the weighted arithmetic method to define as MWQI. The chosen parameters were comprised of Cl, SO4, HCO3, NO3, Na, K, Ca, Mg, TH, TDS, and EC. For the river section of locations (L.1–L.10), all readings of the selected parameters (expected HCO3) were increased more and more. Then, all concentrations of parameters were recorded the high increasing after location (L.10) at locations (L.11–L.14). The concentrations situation of HCO3 were verse vice at all locations. For the average values of 3 years (wet, dry, total), the MWQI of section length of the Euphrates River at locations (L.1–L.10) were classified as good water quality (class, C-II). The river section at locations (L.11–L.16, excepted L.13) was classified as poor water quality (class, C-III), while the location (L.13) was classified as very poor (class, C-IV). The interpolation prediction maps of the average readings (total, dry, and wet) of the Euphrates River were output in GIS using the interpolation model of IDWM.
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| 2. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Application GIS Software to Determine the Distribution of T.D.S. Concentrations Along the Tigris River
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2nd Virtual International Scintific Agrticultural Conference 21-22 January 2021, Iraq. - : Institute of Physics (IOP).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tigris River is a major source to supply water for a big part of Iraq. Lately, Iraq has experienced water shortage problems such as variability in climate and the building of huge dams in the upstream countries (Turkey and Iran). In this work, the total dissolved salts (T.D.S.) were measured at fourteen sites on the Tigris River in two periods of the year 2014. The first period consisted of six rainy-months (April–September) and the second period covered non-rainy-months (October-March). Interpolation technique of inverse-distance-weighting (I.D.W.) in ArcGIS was applied to create the prediction maps of the river for (T.D.S.) concentration in both periods. The findings revealed that the (T.D.S.) levels continued to the last site in Al-Qurnah-city (Basrah) from the first site in Fish-Khabur-city (S-1). In the first period, the (T.D.S.) levels at fourteen selected sites were over the levels in the second period. According to World-Health-Organization (2003), the (T.D.S.) concentration on the Tigris River in both periods in 2014 was graded into five classes, then, the prediction maps of the (T.D.S.) classifications were created.
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| 3. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Classification Maps for TDS Concentrations in the GIS Along Euphrates River, Iraq
- 2021
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 232:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iraq currently undergoing the problem of water shortage, although Iraq has two Rivers (Euphrates and Tigris) pass throughout most of its areas, and they have represented a major source of water supply. In the current research, to evaluate the quality of the Euphrates river in Iraq based on the values of total dissolved salts (TDS), the TDS concentrations were collected from sixteen sections along the river in the three succeeding years (2011, 2012, and 2013). The evaluation of the river was done depending on the classification of (W.H.O. (World Health Organization). (2003). Total Dissolved Salts in Drinking-water: Background document for development of W.H.O. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland). of rivers for drinking uses. Inverse Distance Weighting Technique (IDWT) as a tool in the GIS was employed to establish the maps of the river that using interpolation/prediction for the TDS concentrations to each selected year and the average values of TDS for these 3 years. Based on the five categories of rivers’ classification of the TDS concentrations according to the (W.H.O. (World Health Organization). (2003). Total Dissolved Salts in Drinking-water: Background document for development of W.H.O. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland), the Euphrates river was classified, and the maps of classification for the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 and the average values for 3 years were created. The average values for 3 years of TDS along the Euphrates river indicated that the sections from SC-1 to SC-4 as moderate-water-quality-Category-3, the sections from SC-5 to SC-10 as poor-water-quality-Category-4, while the sections between SC-11 to SC-16 as very poor-water-quality-Category-5. The interpolation maps showed that the Euphrates river in Iraq was ranged from moderate water quality (Category-3) to very poor water quality (Category-5).
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| 4. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Noise Level in Textile Industries: Case Study Al-Hillah Textile Factory-Company for Textile Industries, Al-Hillah-Babylon-Iraq
- 2021
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Ingår i: First International Virtual Conference on Environment & Natural Resources. - : Institute of Physics (IOP).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, Al-Hillah Textile Factory, in Al-Hillah city-Iraq follows to State Company for Textile Industries was selected to study the intensity of noise in 2014. Measurements of the noise level were carried out in different workshops for each of the production stages including the spinning machinery workshop (parts 1 and 2), the rotating machinery room, the preparations room, and the textile machinery room (Roti model), weaving machines: Techmash model room Russian-made model room, Sheets' machinery room, and operator machines room; using two noise meters (model 2237 Fulfici). Fifty samples were collected in each part of these rooms to give realistic results for the noise level. After recording the noise level data, the highest and lowest values and the average of noise intensity readings were calculated in each of the rooms and compared with the global standards permitted by the EPA for industrial facilities. The results of this study showed that the general rate of noise intensity in all rooms exceeded the permissible limits, which impose a noise level of 65-70dB for such industrial establishments according to EPA recommendations in 2008.
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| 5. |
- Ewaid, Salam Hussein, et al.
(författare)
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Water Footprint of Rice in Iraq
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a shortage of water and increasing demand for food in Iraq and other areas of the world will be difficult to meet in the future. Because agriculture is the primary consumer of water, without savings in consumption and precise knowledge of the actual need for water to irrigate important crops, food security cannot be guaranteed. Water footprint (WF) is an inclusive measure for freshwater use that can be used to evaluate the impact on both water volume and distribution of human water consumption. In this study, following the WF approach, the CROPWAT software with the crop water requirement option, the WF of paddy rice cultivation in 7 Iraqi provinces during the year 2017 were estimated. The results showed that the Iraqi paddy rice WF is 3072 m3/ton, which is higher than the global average (1325 m3/ton), the highest water of WF belongs to Muthanna Province with 6688.5 m3/ton and the lowest belongs to Al-Qadysia Province with 2405.5 m3/ton. About 816,704,748 m3/yr of water were used to irrigate paddy rice-growing areas throughout the country to produce 265,852 tons, the blue WF is dominant and green WF is almost non-existent because rice in Iraq grows during the hot and dry summer. Some provinces like Muthanna and Misan produce little and have a high WF so, rice can be replaced with crops like vegetables that provide more economic benefit and need less water, and the production should be concentrated in low WF provinces such as Qadisiya and Najaf. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
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| 6. |
- Kadhim, Majid M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Review on NSM CFRP Strengthened RC Concrete Beams in Shear
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances in Civil Engineering / Hindawi. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-8086 .- 1687-8094. ; 2021
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of NSM FRP strengthening of concrete structures has become an attractive option to retrofit the existing structures against shear and flexure. This paper reviews only the utilization of NSM for shear in previous review articles. A database of tests of NSM strengthened beams in shear is presented to evaluate the existing design formulations of calculating the NSM contribution in shear. These formulations were in agreement with the experimental results in the database. Further research topics are also identified such as the shape of NSM FRP bars, combined effects of existing steel stirrups, and NSM FRP reinforcement and analytical formulations.
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| 7. |
- Chabuk, Ali J., et al.
(författare)
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Site Selection Criteria and Design for Landfills in an Arid Area with Shallow Groundwater Depth
- 2021
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Ingår i: Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition). - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 233-238
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to protect the human health as well as the environment from the solid waste negative impacts, landfill sites should be subjected to adopt the criteria that correspond to landfills international requirements. Fifteen criteria were approved of in an arid area like Babylon Governorate, Iraq for landfill siting. As a result, ten landfill sites were chosen in the governorate. A suitable design was suggested for the selected landfill sites. This design consisted of the base liner system and the final cover system. The results for the suggested landfill design (using the HELP model) showed that there was no leachate percolation from waste mass into groundwater.
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