| 1. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Creating the Distribution Map of Groundwater for Drinking Uses Using Physio-Chemical Variables; Case Study: Al-Hilla City, Iraq
- 2022
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 233:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface water and groundwater are significant for population and other activities due to the decreasing surface water flow toward Iraq. Therefore, there is a need to analyze groundwater’s quality and classification and its applicability as an alternative in various human activities in the study area. This study utilized the groundwater quality index model for drinking uses (GW.Q.I.) and entered the resulting values in the GIS environment. This model was applied to 56 wells in Al-Hillah city by measuring twelve variables in each well. The measured variables were calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate (NO3), and electric conductivity (EC). The prediction map of GW.Q.I. was produced in the GIS. Then, the distributing map was divided into six categories based on the suitability of groundwater for drinking uses. The areas’ values of six categories with their ratings were about 5 km2 (excellent), 122 km2 (good), 610 km2 (poor), 63 km2 (very poor), 36 km2 (contaminated), and 24 km2 (very contaminated). For the entire study area, the average value of the GW.Q.I. was 177, classified as poor for drinking uses.
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| 2. |
- Altaee, Mohammed J., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Existing Bond-Slip Relations for CFRP-Steel Joints and New Model for Linear and Nonlinear Adhesives
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advances in Civil Engineering / Hindawi. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-8086 .- 1687-8094. ; 2022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Existing bond-slip (τ-s) relations for fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP)-steel joints employ different shapes and mathematical expressions, inferring that their predictions of failure load and mode, and other interface properties, might be inconsistent or inaccurate. In this study, predictions of four widely used τ-s relations are evaluated using a large experimental database of 78 double-lap FRP-steel specimens. To facilitate the evaluation process, a robust finite element (FE) model is developed for each test, implementing data from either of the existing τ-s relations to define the FRP-steel interface. Comparisons between test and FE results indicated that the existing τ-s models were unable of predicting the ultimate load (Pu) and effective bond length (Leff) of FRP-steel joints, or the relation between Pu and bond length and that between Leff and FRP modulus (Ef). A new τ-s model is developed based on an inverse FE simulation, comparison with experimental results, and regression analysis. It considers the effects of Ef, the type of FRP reinforcement (sheet or plate), and applies to both linear and nonlinear adhesives. The model predictions were validated by comparing with results from small bond tests and large FRP-strengthened steel beams tested under bending, yielding excellent results for Pu, failure mode, and all other interfacial properties.
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| 3. |
- Chabuk, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Water Quality Variation Along the Tigris River
- 2022
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Ingår i: CAJG 2019: New Prospects in Environmental Geosciences and Hydrogeosciences. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 447-450
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Jahad, Udai A., et al.
(författare)
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Dissolved Oxygen Variation on the Steps with a Quarter Circle End Sill for Flows over the Stepped Spillways
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics. - : International Information and Engineering Technology Association. - 1755-7437 .- 1755-7445. ; 17:5, s. 639-648
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determining the aeration efficiency of the stepped spillways is important because the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration helps indicate the water quality. This study investigated the effects of varying step shape and chute slope on the aeration efficiency for stepped spillways. The measured parameters were DO, the inception point of the free surface, and the water surface profile above the crest to evaluate the geometry variation impacts. Several experiments were conducted on a six-step configuration over a stepped spillway with chute angle (θ = 26.6°, 21.8°, and 8.9°). The discharges up to 0.055 m3/s. The step configurations were including flat step, normal end sill, and quarter circle end sill. The results showed when the chute angle changed from 26.6°to 8.9°, the aeration efficiency of E20 improved with 11.51% at the lowest discharge and 6.05% at the highest discharge for the flat step model with 10 steps. Also, E20 improved 11.39% at the lowest discharge and 6.50% at the highest discharge for the flat step model with 6 steps. The performance of the steps with the quarter circle end sill model in terms of aeration efficiency increased by 10%.
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