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- Imanishi, T., et al.
(författare)
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Integrative annotation of 21,037 human genes validated by full-length cDNA clones
- 2004
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 2:6, s. 856-875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level. Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following: integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates (1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for non-protein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causing phenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology.
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| 4. |
- Chakraborty, M., et al.
(författare)
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QoS support in TLMM : Three level mobility model for IP-based networks
- 2004
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Ingår i: DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 3540240764 ; , s. 192-197
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- TLMM, a three level mobility model for IP-based mobility management has been recently proposed as an architecture for managing global mobility in an IP-based network. This paper evaluates the performance of TLMM's Quality of Service (QoS) framework using a combination of DiffServ and Int-Serv architectures with the concept of Bandwidth Broker for admission control and resource reservation for different service classes. The most important contribution in this paper is a dynamic handoff policy using the concept of Boundary Location Area, for performing location updates for inter-domain roaming of mobile nodes, which helps in maintaining proper QoS. The performance evaluation of the proposed protocol is provided by simulation results using Network Simulator (ns-2).
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| 5. |
- Saha, D., et al.
(författare)
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Mobility support in IP : A survey of related protocols
- 2004
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Ingår i: IEEE Network. - 0890-8044 .- 1558-156X. ; 18:6, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an overview of a set of IP-based mobility protocols - Mobile IP, HAWAII, Cellular IP, Hierarchical MIP, TeleMIP, Dynamic Mobility Agent, and Terminal Independent MIP - that will play an important role in the forthcoming convergence of IP and legacy wireless networks. A comparative analysis with respect to system parameters such as location update, handoff latency and signaling overhead exposes their ability in managing micro/macro/global-level mobility. We use this observation to relate their features against a number of key design issues identified for seamless IP-based mobility as envisioned for future 4G networks.
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