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- Kania, Magdalena, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Older active users of ICTs make sense of their engagement
- 2017
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Ingår i: Seminar.net. - 1504-4831. ; 13:1, s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on older people’s ICT usage tends to focus on either the ways in which they go about learning to use these technologies or the impact that ICTs have on their lives. This research seems, in other words, to take for granted that older people are ‘digital immigrants’ as the digital divide debate proposed. Research that specifically looks at the ways in which older ICT users make sense of their engagement with these technologies is still limited. This article explores therefore – through focus group interviews – how a group of older people who are active ICT users make sense of their ‘digital nativeness’. The analysis shows that the interviewees are well aware that their ICT proficiency differentiated them from their peers, which is why they make sense of their ICT usage by making reference to the issues that make them ‘exceptional’ older people. These include the fact that they have used computers for many years and therefore made ICT usage an everyday habit early on; the fact that most older people do not have the skills that they themselves have, which is why they feel the need to share them with others; and the fact that their lifelong experience means they can use these technologies in judicious ways. By bringing attention to how older active ICT users make sense of their engagement, this article contributes to the notion of the digital spectrum and the debate on the inequalities that ICT proficiency brings about.
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| 3. |
- Vancheri, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Age on Left Ventricular Global Dyssynchrony in Asymptomatic Individuals : A Population Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Echocardiography. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0742-2822 .- 1540-8175. ; 33:7, s. 977-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim: Left ventricular (LV) segmental dyssynchrony is common in patients with heart failure or myocardial activation abnormalities and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Total isovolumic time (t-IVT) and Tei index are sensitive indexes of global ventricular dyssynchrony. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on t-IVT and Tei index. Methods: We evaluated 410 individuals with no evidence for coronary heart disease or activation abnormalities. T-IVT was calculated as 60 - (total ejection time + total filling time) and Tei index as t-IVT/total ejection time. The relationship between age, LV systolic and diastolic function parameters as well as t-IVT and Tei index was studied. Results: Ejection fraction and stroke volume did not change with age, whereas early diastolic filling velocity fell and atrial systolic velocity increased, reducing the E/A ratio. Isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) lengthened. With every 10 years of age, total LV ejection time shortened by 1.5 sec/min and total filling time by 2.1 sec/min. T-IVT and Tei index increased with age and strongly correlated with IVCT and E/A, but not with ejection fraction or QRS duration. Conclusion: Normal aging is associated with worsening of LV global dyssynchrony shown by prolongation of isovolumic times resulting in shortening of filling and ejection times. Age also affects diastolic function as shown by E/A but not systolic function parameters, ejection fraction or stroke volume. Worsening of global dyssynchrony correlates with that of diastolic function but not with QRS duration.
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| 5. |
- Outomuro, David, et al.
(författare)
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Wing shape allometry and aerodynamics in calopterygid damselflies : a comparative approach
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMC Evolutionary Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2148. ; 13, s. 118-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Wing size and shape have important aerodynamic implications on flight performance. We explored how wing size was related to wing shape in territorial males of 37 taxa of the damselfly family Calopterygidae. Wing coloration was also included in the analyses because it is sexually and naturally selected and has been shown to be related to wing shape. We studied wing shape using both the non-dimensional radius of the second moment of wing area (RSM) and geometric morphometrics. Lower values of the RSM result in less energetically demanding flight and wider ranges of flight speed. We also re-analyzed previously published data on other damselflies and dragonflies. Results: The RSM showed a hump-shaped relationship with wing size. However, after correcting for phylogeny using independent contrast, this pattern changed to a negative linear relationship. The basal genus of the study family, Hetaerina, was mainly driving that change. The obtained patterns were specific for the study family and differed from other damselflies and dragonflies. The relationship between the RSM and wing shape measured by geometric morphometrics was linear, but relatively small changes along the RSM axis can result in large changes in wing shape. Our results also showed that wing coloration may have some effect on RSM. Conclusions: We found that RSM showed a complex relationship with size in calopterygid damselflies, probably as a result of other selection pressures besides wing size per se. Wing coloration and specific behavior (e.g. courtship) are potential candidates for explaining the complexity. Univariate measures of wing shape such as RSM are more intuitive but lack the high resolution of other multivariate techniques such as geometric morphometrics. We suggest that the relationship between wing shape and size are taxa-specific and differ among closely-related insect groups.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-
(författare)
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Sambanden mellan fettintag och hjärt-kärlsjukdom kan vara vilseledande i meta-analyser
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dietistaktuellt. - Degeberga : Dietisternas riksförbund. - 1102-9285. ; 23:6, s. 30-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Meta-analyser formar våra kostråd och de är därför viktiga att analysera. Artikeln diskuterar rimligheten i att relatera en kostkomponent, i detta fall fettsyror, och relatera dessa till sjukdom och död. Reduktionismen och nutritionismen ifrågasätts. Ett komplement till detta synsätt bör finnas med där man studerar mat, livsmedel och kostmönster istället för att relatera sjukdom och död till en kostkomponent. En helhetssyn på livet där hela kosten finns som en del av andra levnadsvanor bör finnas med när man analyserar livsstilsrelaterade och multifaktoriella sjukdomar.
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| 10. |
- Lang, Tamara J., et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Bias Modification Using Mental Imagery for Depression : Developing a Novel Computerized Intervention to Change Negative Thinking Styles
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : WILEY. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 26:2, s. 145-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Why do some people see their glass as half-empty rather than half-full or even imagine that the glass will be filled in the future? Experimental methods can illuminate how individual differences in information processing style can profoundly impact mood or even result in disorders such as depression. A computerized cognitive bias modification intervention targeting interpretation bias in depression via positive mental imagery (CBM-I) was evaluated by investigating its impact on mental health and cognitive bias compared with a control condition. Twenty-six depressed individuals completed either positive imagery-focussed CBM-I or a control condition daily at home over one week. Outcome measures were collected pre-treatment and post-treatment and at two-week follow-up. Individuals in the positive condition demonstrated significant improvements from pre-treatment to post-treatment in depressive symptoms, cognitive bias and intrusive symptoms compared with the control condition. Improvements in depressive symptoms at two-week follow-up were at trend level. The results of this first controlled comparison of positive imagery-focussed CBM-I for depression further support the clinical potential of CBM-I and the development of a novel computerized treatment that could help patients imagine a more positive future. Broader implications concern the modification of individual differences in personality variables via their interaction with key information processing targets. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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