| 1. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
-
TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
|
|
| 2. |
- Sarneel, Judith M., et al.
(författare)
-
Reading tea leaves worldwide : decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass-loss rate and stabilization
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Ecology Letters. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1461-023X .- 1461-0248. ; 27:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large-scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization factors of plant-derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy-to-degrade components accumulate during early-stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass-loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass-loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early-stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Wincup, C, et al.
(författare)
-
ANTI-RITUXIMAB ANTIBODIES DEMONSTRATE NEUTRALISING CAPACITY, ASSOCIATE WITH LOWER CIRCULATING DRUG LEVELS AND EARLY RELAPSE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TREATMENT FOR SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 1344-1345
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A major limitation of biologic therapy is formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). We previously found ADA to rituximab (RTX) are more prevalent in patients undergoing treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than rheumatoid arthritis and vasculitis (1). In addition, we demonstrated that ADA to RTX predict subsequent infusion related reactions (2). However, little is known regarding the long-term dynamics of ADA to RTX in patients undergoing treatment for SLE.ObjectivesIn this study we evaluated the longitudinal impact of ADA positivity with particular focus on; 1) Risk factors for development of ADA. 2) Impact of ADA on treatment response. 3) Influence of ADA on RTX drug kinetics over time. 4) The capacity of ADA to neutralise RTX.MethodsPatients with SLE undergoing treatment with RTX were recruited to this study (n=35). Serum samples were collected at the following intervals post-treatment; 1-3 months (defined as ‘early’ post-treatment), 6 months, 12 months, 36 months (n=114).Clinical and laboratory data was collected pre-treatment and at each follow-up time point. Response to treatment was assessed by improvement in SLEDAI-2K score from baseline and also according to BILAG as previously described (3).ADA were detected using an electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Serum RTX levels were measured by ELISA. ADA status was defined according to the following patterns over time; persistently negative, persistently positive (0-15 AU/ml) and persistently high positive (≥16 AU/ml, upper quartile). A complement dependent cytotoxic assay was used to determine neutralising capability of ADA in a subgroup of positive samples (n=38).ResultsADA to RTX were found to be persistently positive in 64.3% of patients over the 36-month follow-up period and there was no significant difference in baseline disease activity (BILAG / SLEDAI-2K) between those who were subsequently ADA positive vs negative. ADA positive patients had a younger age at diagnosis of SLE when compared with ADA negative (mean 22.50 ± 9.10 vs 37.29 ± 11.31 years, p=0.002, Figure 1 A). Multivariate logistic regression found a 22% decrease in risk of ADA positivity for each addition year after diagnosis (p=0.03).Figure 1.ADA positive patients had a significantly lower C3 level at baseline (mean 0.61 ± 0.23 g/L vs 0.87 ± 0.30 g/L, p=0.026), which remained lower at each subsequent time point post-treatment up to 12 months post-treatment (Figure 1B).At 1-3 months post-RTX, patients who were ADA positive had a significantly lower circulating drug level than ADA negative (p<0.001, Figure 1 C).In terms of clinical response, ADA positive patients had an initial significant improvement in disease activity (SLEDAI-2K) by 3 months (p<0.001). However, response was not maintained at 12 months (Figure 1 D). In comparison, ADA negative patients showed a significant improvement in SLEDAI-2K at 6 months and this was maintained across the 36-month follow-up period (Figure 1 E).BILAG defined relapse was more common at six months post-treatment in ADA positive patients (22%) and ADA highly positive patients (33%) than those who were ADA negative (in which there were no cases of relapse within the first six months, Figure 1 F). At 12-months post-RTX, a higher rate of BILAG defined Major Response was seen in those who were ADA negative (80%) when compared with ADA positive (44%) and high positive (36%) as shown in Figure 1 G.Finally, antibodies derived from all ADA positive samples (38/38) were found to neutralise RTX in vitro.ConclusionADA to RTX were common and persisted over the 36-month period of this study. ADA associated with earlier serum drug elimination, increased relapse rates and demonstrated neutralising capacity suggesting that ADA could be a significant limitation to sustained response to treatment in clinical practice.References[1]Faustini F et al. Arthritis research & therapy. 2021;23(1):211[2]Wincup C et al. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2019;78(8):1140-2[3]Md Yusof MY et al Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2017;76(11):1829-36Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
