| 1. |
- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hodson, N, et al.
(författare)
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Identification that KfiA, a protein essential for the biosynthesis of the Escherichia coli K5 capsular polysaccharide, is an alpha -UDP-GlcNAcglycosyltransferase : The formation of a membrane-associated K5 biosynthetic complex requires KfiA, KfiB and KfiC.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 275:35, s. 27311-27315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Escherichia coli K5 capsular polysaccharide consists of the repeat structure -4)GlcA-beta(1,4)-GlcNAc-alpha(1-and requires the KfiA, KfiB, KfiC, and KfiD proteins for its synthesis, Previously, the KfiC protein was shown to be a beta-UDP-GlcA glycosyltransferase, and KfiD was shown to be a UDP-Glc dehydrogenase. Here, we demonstrate that KfiA is an alpha-UDP-GlcNAc glycosyltransferase and that biosynthesis of the K5 polysaccharide involves the concerted action of the KfiA and KfiC proteins. By site-directed mutagenesis, we determined that the acidic motif of DDD, which is conserved between the C family of glycosyltransferases, is essential for the enzymatic activity of KfiA III addition, by Western blot analysis, we determined that association of KfiA with the cytoplasmic membrane requires KfiC but not KfiB, whereas the interaction of KfiC with the cytoplasmic membrane was dependent on both KfiA and KfiB. Likewise, KfiB was only detectable in cytoplasmic membrane fractions when both KfiA and KfiC were present. These data suggest that the interaction between the KfiA, KfiB, and KfiC proteins is essential for the stable association of these proteins with the cytoplasmic membrane and the biosynthesis of the K5 polysaccharide.
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| 4. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX on-line systems
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 560-592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX On-Line system takes signals from the Front End Modules (FEM) on each detector subsystem for the purpose of generating events for physics analysis. Processing of event data begins when the Data Collection Modules (DCM) receive data via fiber-optic links from the FEMs. The DCMs format and zero suppress the data and generate data packets. These packets go to the Event Builders (EvB) that assemble the events in final form. The Level-1 trigger (LVL1) generates a decision for each beam crossing and eliminates uninteresting events. The FEMs carry out all detector processing of the data so that it is delivered to the DCMs using a standard format. The FEMs also provide buffering for LVL1 trigger processing and DCM data collection. This is carried out using an architecture that is pipelined and deadtimeless. All of this is controlled by the Master Timing System (MTS) that distributes the RHIC clocks. A Level-2 trigger (LVL2) gives additional discrimination. A description of the components and operation of the PHENIX On-Line system is given and the solution to a number of electronic infrastructure problems are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Bergström, A., et al.
(författare)
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Obesity and renal cell cancer : a quantitative review
- 2001
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 85:7, s. 984-990
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer among women, while the evidence for men is considered weaker. We conducted a quantitative summary analysis to evaluate the existing evidence that obesity increases the risk of renal cell cancer both among men and women. We identified all studies examining body weight in relation to kidney cancer, available in MEDLINE from 1966 to 1998. The quantitative summary analysis was limited to studies assessing obesity as body mass index (BMI, kg m(-2)), or equivalent. The risk estimates and the confidence intervals were extracted from the individual studies, and a mixed effect weighted regression model was used. We identified 22 unique studies on each sex, and the quantitative analysis included 14 studies on men and women, respectively. The summary relative risk estimate was 1.07 (95% CI 1.05-1.09) per unit of increase in BMI (corresponding to 3 kg body weight increase for a subject of average height). We found no evidence of effect modification by sex. Our quantitative summary shows that increased BMI is equally strongly associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer among men and women.
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| 6. |
- Malorny, B, et al.
(författare)
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Standardization of diagnostic PCR for the detection of foodborne pathogens.
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Microbiology. - 0168-1605. ; 83:1, s. 39-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro amplification of nucleic acids using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become, since its discovery in the 1980s, a powerful diagnostic tool for the analysis of microbial infections as well as for the analysis of microorganisms in food samples. However, despite its potential, PCR has neither gained wide acceptance in routine diagnostics nor been widely incorporated in standardized methods. Lack of validation and standard protocols, as well as variable quality of reagents and equipment, influence the efficient dissemination of PCR methodology from expert research laboratories to end-user laboratories. Moreover, the food industry understandably requires and expects officially approved standards. Recognizing this, in 1999, the European Commission approved the research project, FOOD-PCR (http://www.PCR.dk), which aims to validate and standardize the use of diagnostic PCR for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in foods. The present review focuses on the harmonization procedure and standardization criteria for detection of foodborne pathogens by PCR. The progress of standardization so far and future perspectives of diagnostic PCR are discussed.
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