| 1. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(författare)
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Study of the response of the ATLAS central calorimeter to pions of energies from 3 to 9 GeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 607:2, s. 372-386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS central detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. in this paper, the response of the central calorimeters to pions with energies in the range between 3 and 9 GeV is presented. The linearity and the resolution of the combined calorimetry (electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters) was measured and compared to the prediction of a detector simulation program using the toolkit Geant 4. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Correia, O., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical trial design--towards better practices
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. ; 19 Suppl 1, s. 40-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To review methodological approaches used in recent publications in onychomycosis clinical research. To identify key methodological criteria to ensure conclusive and reliable clinical results. METHODS: A Medline search for recent articles on onychomycosis treatment revealed considerable variation in inclusion criteria, definitions and methodology, rendering comparisons difficult. RESULTS: Careful diagnosis at trial entry is critical and predisposing factors affecting overall results are rarely considered at enrolment. Clear definitions are required, notably for the terms mycological, clinical and total cure. A consensus was reached that only studies that are evidence-based, controlled and double-blind with less than 10-15% of patients lost to follow-up should be accepted. Results should be interpreted with caution if a given treatment is found to be less effective than previously reported, even if the results are published in a recognized journal. It was agreed that an explanatory/pilot study should be done initially to determine whether there is a reason to believe that a new therapy is effective. If promising results are obtained, a double-blind, randomized study comparing the new therapy with either an existing therapy (preferably) or a placebo may be initiated. CONCLUSIONS: Sample size, and inclusion and exclusion criteria should be clearly determined. Efficacy criteria should include mycological, clinical and total cure rates. Finally, studies of toenail and fingernail onychomycosis must last at least 18 and 9 months, respectively.
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| 3. |
- Faergemann, Jan, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic predisposition--understanding underlying mechanisms of onychomycosis
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. ; 19 Suppl 1, s. 17-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There are numerous factors that predispose to onychomycosis including genetic predisposition, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, vascular disease and psoriasis. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this workshop were to discuss current knowledge of genetic risk factors and the approaches that should be used to investigate underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: The high prevalence of onychomycosis within certain families was initially attributed to intrafamilial transmission. However, the low prevalence of infection in people marrying into infected families together with the high prevalence among their offspring suggested a genetic basis. The state-of-the-art pedigree study by Zaias et al. suggested that Trichophyton rubrum infection shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. A consensus was reached that epidemiological and genetic studies are required to investigate this issue further. For epidemiological studies, families in which two or three generations are infected with T. rubrum should be selected. Patients with T. rubrum on different body sites should be included, and the presence of associated diseases or other common features in these individuals should be investigated to identify trigger factors. CONCLUSION: Genetic studies should explore the mode of inheritance of onychomycosis and look for the disease gene(s). Serum samples from patients and age-sex matched controls must be analysed centrally. The results of these studies will make it possible to develop therapeutic, preventive and prophylatic measures and to provide patients and their families with information.
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| 4. |
- Jeppesen, H. B., et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-decay half-life of Fr-221 in different environments
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-601X .- 1434-6001. ; 32:1, s. 31-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A possible dependence of the alpha decay process on the solid-state environment of the decaying nucleus has been investigated by measuring the alpha-decay half-life of Fr-221 at room temperature in different materials (Au, W, Si and polyethylene). The change in half-life between the insulator Si and the metals Au/W is found to be 0.30(17)% / 0.42(21)%, respectivly. Furthermore an improved value of 4.79(2) min was found for the absolute half-life of Fr-221.
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