| 1. |
- Blais, Curtis, et al.
(författare)
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An Architecture for Demonstrating the Interplay of Emerging SISO standards
- 2006
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Ingår i: Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop (FallSIW). - 1930638450 - 9781622761425 ; , s. 441-451
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) focuses on facilitating simulation interoperability across government and non-government applications worldwide. A number of standards are emerging that will individually have great impact on the development and operation of simulation systems, as well as interoperation across simulation systems and command and control systems. More importantly, when these standards are applied together, they represent a set of capabilities and technologies which can revolutionize the simulation industry, radically improving the way we develop and deliver interoperable systems.Each of the following standards addresses specific needs that have been shortcomings in M&S interoperability in the past: (1) the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) provides a way to represent the coalition battle management doctrine within a Command and Control environment to enable unambiguous expression of plans and orders for live, constructive, and robotic forces; (2) the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) provides a common way to describe a scenario, including initialization information, that can be shared across multiple systems; (3) the Base Object Model (BOM) standard provides a way to identify piece parts of a simulation or model that can be used as building blocks for composing larger model sets; (4) the Simulation Reference Markup Language (SRML) provides a platform-independent way to represent behavior models which can be rendered quickly and easily (at runtime) by a simulation; and (5) the Distributed Interactive Simulation Extensible Markup Language (DIS-XML) initiative provides a way to represent DIS Protocol Data Units using XML to enhance interchange of dynamic entity state and entity interactions across diverse systems.This paper gives a brief overview of these key standardization efforts, and explores how each standard can interplay with other standards. The paper lays out an abstract architecture for demonstration of the composition of prototype versions of these products to show the community how they will be employed in the future and what benefits will accrue. The paper proposes a plan of action to implement the architecture for demonstration and discussion at the Spring 2007 Simulation Interoperability Workshop.
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| 2. |
- Blais, Curtis, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Development of an Architecture for Demonstrating the Interplay of Emerging SISO Standards
- 2007
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Ingår i: Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization - Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop 2007, 07 Spring SIW. - 9781604239232 ; , s. 302-309
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) focuses on facilitating simulation interoperability across government and non-government applications worldwide. A number of standards are emerging that will individually have great impact on the development and operation of simulation systems, as well as interoperation across simulation systems and command and control systems. Taken together, however, the emerging standards represent a set of capabilities and technologies which can revolutionize the simulation industry, radically improving the way we develop and deliver interoperable systems.In the Fall 2006 Simulation Interoperability Workshop, an architecture for demonstrating the interplay of several current and emerging SISO standards was presented. The following standards were selected for development of an initial demonstration system: (1) the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) for unambiguous expression of plans and orders for live, constructive, and robotic forces; (2) the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) for describing a scenarios that can be shared across multiple systems; (3) Base Object Models (BOMs) for specifying building blocks for composing larger model sets; (4) the Simulation Reference Markup Language (SRML) for platform-independent representation of executable behavior models; and (5) the Distributed Interactive Simulation Extensible Markup Language (DIS-XML) initiative for representing DIS Protocol Data Units in XML to enhance interchange of dynamic entity state and entity interactions across diverse systems in web-based network centric architectures.This paper discusses how the framework can be used by the SISO community as a means for educating the community on emerging standards and as a platform for demonstration of new concepts and capabilities as a precursor to a new standardization effort. It describes work performed to design and develop an initial test case demonstrating the integration of these standards, including problems encountered, problem resolutions, lessons learned, and future work.
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| 3. |
- Elsik, Christine G., et al.
(författare)
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The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle : A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 324:5926, s. 522-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.
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