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- Papapanou, P N, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal stability of serum immunoglobulin G responses to periodontal bacteria.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 31:11, s. 985-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The value of seroepidemiology in the study of periodontal infections has not been adequately explored. This study examined serum immunoglobulin (IgG) responses to periodontal bacteria in patients with periodontitis and periodontitis-free individuals over a 30-month period. METHODS: Eighty-nine patients with chronic periodontitis and 42 control subjects with no deep periodontal pockets and no or minimal attachment loss (30-72 years old, 43% men) were included. Patients were examined at baseline, after completed periodontal therapy 4 months post-baseline, and at 30 months, and controls, at baseline and 30 months. IgG antibodies to 19 periodontal species were determined by checkerboard immunoblotting. RESULTS: On average, patients displayed at baseline up to 800-fold higher titers than controls to all but three species. Over the 30-month period, titers remained stable at low levels in controls. In patients, periodontal conditions improved from a baseline mean probing depth of 3.6 mm, bleeding on probing of 62% and an average of 21.5 pockets of=6 mm/person, to 2.5 mm mean pocket depth, 30% bleeding on probing, and 1.2 deep pockets, at 30 months. Over time, antibody titers showed a modest decline in patients, but remained significantly elevated at 30 months in comparison with controls. Antibody-level changes over time were not significantly different between subjects that did and did not receive adjunctive systemic antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Conspicuous differences in IgG titers to periodontal bacteria exist between periodontitis patients and periodontally healthy controls. Despite successful periodontal therapy, titers remained elevated over a 30-month period, suggesting that serology may mark the history of past periodontal infection.
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- Dahlén, Gunnar, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Allmänt om orala infektioner
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidn. ; 94, s. 12-17
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exogena infektioner är oftast ytliga i munhålan. Behandlingen inriktas i dessa fall på att avlägsna predisponerande förhållanden och/eller eliminera den mikrobiella faktorn. Behandling med antibiotika är indicerad. Endogena infektioner i munhålan är opportunistiska infektioner. Sådana infektioner orsakas av normalt icke patogena mikroorganismer som kan bli patogena, antingen genom att de invaderar sterila vävnader eller genom en mikrobiell ekologisk obalans. Djupa opportunistiska infektioner är oftast endogena och dessutom polymikrobiella. Antibiotika används för att hindra spridning och komplikationer men på grund av låg koncentration i infektionshärden måste behandlingen kompletteras med incision och mekanisk rensning. Ytliga endogena opportunistiska infektioner är orsakade av en mikrobiell ekologisk obalans. Behandlingen går ut på att avlägsna de predisponerande faktorerna, reducera mängden mikroorganismer samt återställa den mikrobiella homeostasen (balansen). Opportunistiska infektioner vid nedsatt värdresistens är en speciell form av infektion där den ekologiska obalansen kan leda till spridning och komplikationer. I dessa fall kan det vara indicerat att behandla infektionen med ett lämpligt antibiotikum.
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- Dahlén, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in inflammatory markers following treatment of acute exacerbationsof obstructive pulmonary disease
- 2001
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 95:11, s. 891-897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim ofthe study was to investigate changes in inflammatory markers following emergency treatment of obstructive pulmonary disease. The study comprised 43 patients. After acute treatment, they were given either 30 mg of prednisolone p.o. or 1600 microg of inhaled budeson de daily for 1 week. Over the following 3 weeks, all the patients were given 1600 microg of inhaled budesonide daily. Blood samples for measurements of eosinophil cationic protein (S-ECP), eosinophil peroxidase (S-EPO), total eos nophil count (B-Eos), myeloperoxidase (S-MPO) and human neutrophil lipocaline (HNL) were taken and spirometry was performed before emergency treatment and after 1 and 4 weeks. There was no difference in the improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) between patients given prednisolone or budesonide. Patients with an improvement in FEV1 of >20% of baseline after 1 and 4 weeks displayed a larger decrease in eosinophil markers. The correlation between deltaFEV1 and deltaS-ECP was r= -0.37, P < 0.05, deltaS-EPO -0.40, P < 0.01 and deltaB-Eos -0.44, P < 0.01, after 4 weeks. This correlation was highly significant in patients who had smoked < or = 5 pack-years, while the correlation was not significant in patients with a longer smoking history and chronic airflow limitation (best FEV <80% of predicted). We conclude that the change in eosinophil markers is correlated to the improvement in lung function in non-smokers or short-term smokers following the emergency treatment of obstructive pulmonary disease. This study indicates that following eosinophil markers is more useful in patients with asthma than patients with COPD.
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- Joos, G. F., et al.
(författare)
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Indirect airway challenges
- 2003
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Ingår i: Eur Respir J. ; 21:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indirect challenges act by causing the release of endogenous mediators that cause the airway smooth muscle to contract. This is in contrast to the direct challenges where agonists such as methacholine or histamine cause airflow limitation predominantly via a direct effect on airway smooth muscle. Direct airway challenges have been used widely and are well standardised. They are highly sensitive, but not specific to asthma and can be used to exclude current asthma in a clinic population. Indirect bronchial stimuli, in particular exercise, hyperventilation, hypertonic aerosols, as well as adenosine, may reflect more directly the ongoing airway inflammation and are therefore more specific to identify active asthma. They are increasingly used to evaluate the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and to assess specific problems in patients with known asthma, e.g. exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, evaluation before scuba diving. Direct bronchial responsiveness is only slowly and to a modest extent, influenced by repeated administration of inhaled steroids. Indirect challenges may reflect more closely acute changes in airway inflammation and a change in responsiveness to an indirect stimulus may be a clinically relevant marker to assess the clinical course of asthma. Moreover, some of the indirect challenges, e.g. hypertonic saline and mannitol, can be combined with the assessment of inflammatory cells by induction of sputum.
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