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- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Hänsynsuppföljning - grunder
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gruppens förslag I rapporten presenteras de ställningstaganden och förslag som gruppen hittills kommit fram till, samt bakgrund och motiv för dessa. I rapporten presenteras också några viktiga frågor där gruppen ännu inte har något färdigt förslag. Avsikten är att rapporten ska underlätta kommunikationen med övriga arbetsgrupper inom Dialog om miljöhänsyn och vara en grund för uppföljningsgruppens fortsatta arbete. Syftet med förslagen är att förbättra den uppföljning av miljöhänsyn vid avverkning och under föryngringsarbetet som Skogsstyrelsen ansvarar för och för de uppföljningar som skogsbruket gör. Gruppen för uppföljning föreslår Skogsstyrelsens ledning att: Uttrycket hänsynsuppföljning används istället för Polytax vid myndighetens uppföljning av miljöhänsyn vid skogliga åtgärder. Syftet med uppföljningen ändras från att utvärdera tagen miljöhänsyn vid föryngringsavverkning genom att relatera den till lagen i taxering till att ge statistik som är användbar vid utvärderingar av de skogspolitiska (miljö)målen och miljömålen. Uppföljningen ska också vara användbar i efterföljande lärande hos markägaren för att åstadkomma förbättrat hänsynstagande. Begreppet LIT, Lagen I Taxering, utgår. Uppföljningen ska vara bättre faktabaserad än Polytax. Data som samlas in i fält ska i så stor utsträckning som möjligt vara mätbara kvantiteter och i övrigt vara bedömda kvaliteter med tydliga bedömningsgrunder. Utvärdering görs i huvudsak separat efter uppföljningen, åtskiljd från uppföljningen. Eventuella värderande inslag i uppföljningen ska vara lättförståeliga och transparenta och helst göras efter att fältdata är insamlat. Föreskrifter och allmänna råd till 30 § SvL och andra relevanta regelverk används för att få konkreta variabler att följa upp men det är viktigt att uppföljningen hålls isär från den rättsliga tillsynen. Uppföljningens resultat ska även vara användbara i lärandeprocessen, för att åstadkomma förbättrat hänsynstagande och vid behov ge incitament för att anpassa/ förändra regler och rekommendationer. Som en del i att stärka lärandet bör Skogsstyrelsen arbeta fram ett konkret förslag på hur rådgivning i ökad grad kan bygga på underlag från hänsynsuppföljningen. Skogsstyrelsen inrättar ett externt användarråd för uppföljningar inom området skogliga miljömål. Stärka kvalitetssäkringen i uppföljningen genom att kvalitetssäkringen sker efter en fastställd metod, integreras med verksamhetsstyrningen i stort och tillförsäkras nödvändiga resurser. I kvalitetssäkring ingår att regelbundet genomföra kontrolltaxeringar samt oberoende utvärderingar gentemot uppföljningens syfte. Statistiken ska ha "tillräcklig kvalitet" (officiella statistikens begrepp) och uppgift om tillförlitligheten ska följa med resultaten. Personcertifiering av nyckelbiotopskompetens bör senare övervägas. Gruppen föreslår skogsbruket att: Ta fram jämförbara uppföljningssystem som direkt kan nyttjas som underlag tillsammans med Skogsstyrelsens system. Regelbundet följa upp planering av avverkningar och utförda avverkningar. Öppet redovisa resultat av uppföljningarna.
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| 2. |
- Angelstam, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence-Based Knowledge Versus Negotiated Indicators for Assessment of Ecological Sustainability : The Swedish Forest Stewardship Council Standard as a Case Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 42:2, s. 229-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessing ecological sustainability involves monitoring of indicators and comparison of their states with performance targets that are deemed sustainable. First, a normative model was developed centered on evidence-based knowledge about (a) forest composition, structure, and function at multiple scales, and (b) performance targets derived by quantifying the habitat amount in naturally dynamic forests, and as required for presence of populations of specialized focal species. Second, we compared the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification standards' ecological indicators from 1998 and 2010 in Sweden to the normative model using a Specific, Measurable, Accurate, Realistic, and Timebound (SMART) indicator approach. Indicator variables and targets for riparian and aquatic ecosystems were clearly under-represented compared to terrestrial ones. FSC's ecological indicators expanded over time from composition and structure towards function, and from finer to coarser spatial scales. However, SMART indicators were few. Moreover, they poorly reflected quantitative evidence-based knowledge, a consequence of the fact that forest certification mirrors the outcome of a complex social negotiation process.
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| 3. |
- Ali, Abdulemir, et al.
(författare)
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Dissatisfied patients after total knee arthroplasty
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 85:3, s. 229-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose - In 2003, an enquiry by the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) 2-7 years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) revealed patients who were dissatisfied with the outcome of their surgery but who had not been revised. 6 years later, we examined the dissatisfied patients in one Swedish county and a matched group of very satisfied patients. Patients and methods - 118 TKAs in 114 patients, all of whom had had their surgery between 1996 and 2001, were examined in 2009-2010. 55 patients (with 58 TKAs) had stated in 2003 that they were dissatisfied with their knees and 59 (with 60 TKAs) had stated that they were very satisfied with their knees. The patients were examined clinically and radiographically, and performed functional tests consisting of the 6-minute walk and chair-stand test. All the patients filled out a visual analog scale (VAS, 0-100 mm) regarding knee pain and also the Hospital and Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Results - Mean VAS score for knee pain differed by 30 mm in favor of the very satisfied group (p < 0.001). 23 of the 55 patients in the dissatisfied group and 6 of 59 patients in the very satisfied group suffered from anxiety and/or depression (p = 0.001). Mean range of motion was 11 degrees better in the very satisfied group (p < 0.001). The groups were similar with regard to clinical examination, physical performance testing, and radiography. Interpretation - The patients who reported poor response after TKA continued to be unhappy after 8-13 years, as demonstrated by VAS pain and HAD, despite the absence of a discernible objective reason for revision.
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| 6. |
- Bremer, Anders, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing Between Closeness and Distance : Emergency medical services personnel’s experiences of caring for families at out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and deaths
- 2012
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Ingår i: Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 1049-023X .- 1945-1938. ; 27:1, s. 42-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a lethal health problem thataffects between 236,000 and 325,000 people in the United States each year. As resuscitationattempts are unsuccessful in 70-98% of OHCA cases, Emergency Medical Services(EMS) personnel often face the needs of bereaved family members.Problem: Decisions to continue or terminate resuscitation at OHCA are influenced byfactors other than patient clinical characteristics, such as EMS personnel’s knowledge,attitudes, and beliefs regarding family emotional preparedness. However, there is littleresearch exploring how EMS personnel care for bereaved family members, or how theyare affected by family dynamics and the emotional contexts. The aim of this study is toanalyze EMS personnel’s experiences of caring for families when patients suffer cardiacarrest and sudden death.Methods: The study is based on a hermeneutic lifeworld approach. Qualitative interviewswere conducted with 10 EMS personnel from an EMS agency in southern Sweden.Results: The EMS personnel interviewed felt responsible for both patient care and familycare, and sometimes failed to prioritize these responsibilities as a result of their ownperceptions, feelings and reactions. Moving from patient care to family care implied amovement from well-structured guidance to a situational response, where the personnelwere forced to balance between interpretive reasoning and a more direct emotionalresponse, at their own discretion. With such affective responses in decision-making, thepersonnel risked erroneous conclusions and care relationships with elements of dishonesty,misguided benevolence and false hopes. The ability to recognize and respond to people’sexistential questions and needs was essential. It was dependent on the EMS personnel’sbalance between closeness and distance, and on their courage in facing the emotionalexpressions of the families, as well as the personnel’s own vulnerability. The presence offamily members placed great demands on mobility (moving from patient care to familycare) in the decision-making process, invoking a need for ethical competence.Conclusion: Ethical caring competence is needed in the care of bereaved family membersto avoid additional suffering. Opportunities to reflect on these situations within a frameworkof care ethics, continuous moral education, and clinical ethics training are needed.Support in dealing with personal discomfort and clear guidelines on family support couldbenefit EMS personnel.Bremer A, Dahlberg K, Sandman
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| 7. |
- Bremer, Anders, 1957-
(författare)
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Vid existensens gräns : Etiskt vårdande och professionellt ansvar vid hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: To describe and interpret patients’, family members’ and ambulance personnel’s experiences with regard to survival, attendance, and caring at cardiac arrests and deaths, and to analyze ethical conflicts that arise in relation to families and how the personnel’s ethical competence can affect caring and the ability to handle ethical problems.Method: The three interview studies were guided by a reflective lifeworld approach grounded in phenomenology and analyzed by searching for the essence of the phenomenon in two studies and by attaining a main interpretation in one study. In the fourth study, the general approach was supplemented by “reflective equilibrium” that guided the ethical analysis.Results: The survivors are striving towards a good life by means of efforts to reach meaning and coherence, facing existential fear and insecurity as well as gratitude and the joy of life. Family members lose everyday control through feelings of unreality, inadequacy and overwhelming responsibility. Ambulance personnel’s care mediates hope and despair until the announcement of survival or death. After the event, family members risk involuntary loneliness and anxiety about the future. For the ambulance personnel, caring for families involves a need for mobility in decision making, forcing the personnel to balance their own perceptions, feelings and reactions against interpretative reasoning. To base decision making on emotional reactions creates the risk of erroneous conclusions and a care relationship with elements of dishonesty, misdirected benevolence and false hopes. Identification with family members can promote recognition of and response to their existential needs, but also frustrate meeting family members emotions’ and handling one’s own vulnerability and inadequacy. It was found that futile cardiopulmonary resuscitation, administered to patients for the benefit of family members, is not an acceptable moral practice, due both to norms of not deliberately treating persons as mere means and to norms of taking care of families.Conclusions: Ethical conflicts exist when it comes to conveying realistic hope, relief from guilt, participation, responsibility for decision making, and fairness in the professional role. Ambulance personnel need support to enhance ethical caring competence and to deal with personal discomfort, as well as clear guidelines on family support.
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| 8. |
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Codex and Code : Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media, NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conference Codex and Code: Aesthetics, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media (NorLit 2009)was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, August 6–9, 2009. The conference was organized by the Nordic Association for Comparative Literature (NorLit); the Department of Culture and Communication, Linköping University; the School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); the Department of Comparative Literature, Stockholm University; the Department of Culture and Communication, Södertörn University College; and the Department of Comparative Literature, Uppsala University. The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced during earlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation. The conference Codex and Code wanted to stimulate interdisciplinary scholarly research of the literary in a broad sense. The conference was open to scholars in Comparative Literature and in Classical and Modern Languages, Aesthetics, Media and Communication studies, Film and Theatre studies, Philosophy and adjacent disciplines. The conference was organized around a number of thematic sessions in which researchers and scholars presented and discussed papers. The conference has received generous financial support from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, Magnus Bergwall foundation, Granholms foundation, Linköping University, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Svenska litteratursällskapet; the Swedish Academy, Swedish Science Council, and Vitterhetsakademien.
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| 9. |
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Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 10. |
- Dahlberg, Anders
(författare)
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Applying IUCN red-listing criteria for assessing and reporting on the conservation status of fungal species
- 2011
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Ingår i: Fungal Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1754-5048 .- 1878-0083. ; 4, s. 147-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With its strict criteria, required documentation and coverage of all groups of multicellular organisms, the red-listing system of IUCN is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. The aim of red-listing sensu IUCN is to evaluate the risk of extinction of a species using a comparable, revisable, transparent and objective assessment method. The evaluation estimates the potential change in the species' population size over time, aiming to infer extinction risk. Both extremely rare species and more common ones experiencing ongoing decline may be at risk of extinction. Red-listing is an assessment of conservation status, directing awareness and providing a scientific basis for management and decision-making. The IUCN criteria were originally designed for global assessments. However, they can be, and are, commonly applied at the national or regional level. This paper summarizes the basic aspects and usefulness of red-listing in a mycological context, and suggests methods for fungal red-listing that are applicable to most fungal groups, even with limited information on the species being considered. The suggested methods are based on the accumulated experience of national fungal red-listing throughout the world, coupled with recently published research on fungal diversity, distributions, and population biology. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.
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