| 1. |
- O'Connor, C. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of nesiritide in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 365:1, s. 32-43
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Nesiritide is approved in the United States for early relief of dyspnea in patients with acute heart failure. Previous meta-analyses have raised questions regarding renal toxicity and the mortality associated with this agent. METHODS: We randomly assigned 7141 patients who were hospitalized with acute heart failure to receive either nesiritide or placebo for 24 to 168 hours in addition to standard care. Coprimary end points were the change in dyspnea at 6 and 24 hours, as measured on a 7-point Likert scale, and the composite end point of rehospitalization for heart failure or death within 30 days. RESULTS: Patients randomly assigned to nesiritide, as compared with those assigned to placebo, more frequently reported markedly or moderately improved dyspnea at 6 hours (44.5% vs. 42.1%, P=0.03) and 24 hours (68.2% vs. 66.1%, P=0.007), but the prespecified level for significance (P
|
|
| 2. |
- Enoksson, P., et al.
(författare)
-
MEMS Nanoindenter
- 2010
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 3. |
- Guenot, Diego, et al.
(författare)
-
Photoemission time delay measurements and calculations close to the 3s ionization cross section minimum in ar
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 85:5, s. 053424-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of photoionization time delays from the 3s and 3p shells in Ar in the photon energy range of 32-42 eV. The experimental measurements are performed by interferometry using attosecond pulse trains and the infrared laser used for their generation. The theoretical approach includes intershell correlation effects between the 3s and 3p shells within the framework of the random-phase approximation with exchange. The connection between single-photon ionization and the two-color two-photon ionization process used in the measurement is established using the recently developed asymptotic approximation for the complex transition amplitudes of laser-assisted photoionization. We compare and discuss the theoretical and experimental results, especially in the region where strong intershell correlations in the 3s -> kp channel lead to an induced Cooper minimum in the 3s ionization cross section.
|
|
| 4. |
- Palatchi, Caryn, et al.
(författare)
-
Atomic delay in helium, neon, argon and krypton
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 47:24, s. 245003-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoionization by an eXtreme UltraViolet (XUV) attosecond pulse train (APT) in the presence of an infrared pulse (RABBITT method) conveys information about the atomic photoionization delay. By taking the difference of the spectral delays between pairs of rare gases (Ar,He), (Kr,He) and (Ne,He) it is possible to eliminate in each case the larger group delay ('attochirp') associated with the APT itself and obtain the Ar, Kr and Ne Wigner delays referenced to model calculations of the He delay. In this work we measure how the delays vary as a function of XUV photon energy but we cannot determine the absolute delay difference between atoms due to lack of precise knowledge of the initial conditions. The extracted delays are compared with several theoretical predictions and the results are consistent within 30 as over the energy range from 10 to 50 eV. An 'effective' Wigner delay over all emission angles is found to be more consistent with our angle-integrated measurement near the Cooper minimum in Ar. We observe a few irregular features in the delay that may be signatures of resonances.
|
|
| 5. |
- Timpka, Toomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictive performance of telenursing complaints in influenza surveillance : a prospective cohort study in Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 19:46, s. 20966-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syndromic data sources have been sought to improve the timely detection of increased influenza transmission. This study set out to examine the prospective performance of telenursing chief complaints in predicting influenza activity. Data from two influenza seasons (2007/08 and 2008/09) were collected in a Swedish county (population 427,000) to retrospectively determine which grouping of telenursing chief complaints had the largest correlation with influenza case rates. This grouping was prospectively evaluated in the three subsequent seasons. The best performing telenursing complaint grouping in the retrospective algorithm calibration was fever (child, adult) and syncope (r=0.66; p<0.001). In the prospective evaluation, the performance of 14-day predictions was acceptable for the part of the evaluation period including the 2009 influenza pandemic (area under the curve (AUC)=0.84; positive predictive value (PPV)=0.58), while it was strong (AUC=0.89; PPV=0.93) for the remaining evaluation period including only influenza winter seasons. We recommend the use of telenursing complaints for predicting winter influenza seasons. The method requires adjustments when used during pandemics.
|
|
| 6. |
- Venkatesan, Meera, et al.
(författare)
-
Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter and multidrug resistance 1 genes : parasite risk factors that affect treatment outcomes for P. falciparum malaria after artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. - : American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. - 1476-1645 .- 0002-9637. ; 91:4, s. 833-43
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adequate clinical and parasitologic cure by artemisinin combination therapies relies on the artemisinin component and the partner drug. Polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) and P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) genes are associated with decreased sensitivity to amodiaquine and lumefantrine, but effects of these polymorphisms on therapeutic responses to artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) have not been clearly defined. Individual patient data from 31 clinical trials were harmonized and pooled by using standardized methods from the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network. Data for more than 7,000 patients were analyzed to assess relationships between parasite polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1 and clinically relevant outcomes after treatment with AL or ASAQ. Presence of the pfmdr1 gene N86 (adjusted hazards ratio = 4.74, 95% confidence interval = 2.29 - 9.78, P < 0.001) and increased pfmdr1 copy number (adjusted hazards ratio = 6.52, 95% confidence interval = 2.36-17.97, P < 0.001 : were significant independent risk factors for recrudescence in patients treated with AL. AL and ASAQ exerted opposing selective effects on single-nucleotide polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1. Monitoring selection and responding to emerging signs of drug resistance are critical tools for preserving efficacy of artemisinin combination therapies; determination of the prevalence of at least pfcrt K76T and pfmdr1 N86Y should now be routine.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andrén, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Frost shattering and ice problems in rock tunnels from a maintenance perspective
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ISRM International Symposium - EUROCK 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Every winter a number of railway tunnels in Sweden are affected by problems with ice. When ice is allowed to form in the rock fracture network and interface between the rock and shotcrete, degradation of both materials occur which can cause fall-outs of rock debris and shotcrete. To reduce maintenance costs it is necessary to improve knowledge of frost penetration along tunnels and the effect of frost shattering on the load bearing structures. Temperature measurements in Swedish railway tunnels have shown that frost penetrates much deeper into tunnels than previously assumed. By field observations it has been confirmed that ice problems often occur throughout the entire tunnel, even for longer tunnels (>1.5 km). If the load bearing structures are subjected to alternating freezing and thawing the shotcrete can be exposed to frost shattering. In a similar manner as frost action in soil, water tends to migrate in rock and cause ice bodies to grow inside pores and cracks. Laboratory tests show that when a rock/shotcrete sample has access to water during the freezing process, degradation occurs that affects adhesion between the materials. Therefore the load bearing structures exposed to water leakage should be designed for freezing temperatures along the entire length of the tunnel.
|
|
| 8. |
- Blikstad, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Stereoselective oxidation of aryl-substituted vicinal diols into chiral α-hydroxy aldehydes by re-engineered propanediol oxidoreductase
- 2013
-
Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 3:12, s. 3016-3025
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- α-Hydroxy aldehydes are chiral building blocks used in synthesis of natural products and synthetic drugs. One route to their production is by regioselective oxidation of vicinal diols and, in this work, we aimed to perform the oxidation of 3-phenyl-1,2-propanediol into the corresponding α‑hydroxy aldehyde applying enzyme catalysis. Propanediol oxidoreductase from E. coli efficiently catalyzes the stereoselective oxidation of S-1,2-propanediol into S-lactaldehyde. The enzyme, however, shows no detectable activity with aryl-substituted or other bulky alcohols. We conducted ISM-driven directed evolution on FucO and were able to isolate several mutants that were active with S-3-phenyl-1,2-propanediol. The most efficient variant displayed a kcat/KM of 40 s-1M-1 and the most enantioselective variant an E-value (S/R) of 80. Furthermore, other isolated variants showed up to 4400-fold increased activity with another bulky substrate, phenylacetaldehyde. The results with engineered propanediol oxidoreductases identified amino acids important for substrate selectivity and asymmetric synthesis of aryl-substituted α-hydroxy aldehydes. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the feasibility of tailoring the catalytic properties of propanediol oxidoreductase for biocatalytic properties.
|
|
| 9. |
- Cedströmer, Anna-Lena, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Temporomandibular condylar alterations in juvenile idiopathic arthritis most common in longitudinally severe disease despite medical treatment
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Rheumatology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-0096. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune, heterogeneous disease and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can be affected, with consequences for mandibular growth and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of longitudinal medical treatment and the burden of disease activity on the development of temporomandibular condylar alterations as judged on panoramic radiographs. Methods: The study was a retrospective evaluation of dental and medical records in consecutive JIA patients referred to three specialist dental clinics in Sweden during an eight-year period. Data on the total pharmacological treatment and disease activity were evaluated longitudinally from disease onset to the time of the panoramic examination, during a median observation period of 2.5 years. The radiographs were analysed in terms of structural and shape alterations in the condyles and judged dichotomously. Results: Panoramic examinations were analysed in 158 patients from 266 referrals diagnosed with JIA. Condylar alterations (shape or structural) were seen in 68 patients (43%). Patients with condylar alterations were more extensively treated over time compared with those without condylar alterations. Powerful disease activity and/or potent medication at any time during the course of the disease implied an increased risk of alterations. Conclusions: Patients with JIA who require more intensive medication over time run the greatest risk of condylar alterations. As yet, current medical programmes have not been specified for the TMJ and more knowledge in this area is needed.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dahlström, J. Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction to attosecond delays in photoionization
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 45:18, s. 183001-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This tutorial presents an introduction to the interaction of light and matter on the attosecond timescale. Our aim is to detail the theoretical description of ultra-short time delays and to relate these to the phase of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light pulses and to the asymptotic phaseshifts of photoelectron wave packets. Special emphasis is laid on time-delay experiments, where attosecond XUV pulses are used to photoionize target atoms at well-defined times, followed by a probing process in real time by a phase-locked, infrared laser field. In this way, the laser field serves as a 'clock' to monitor the ionization event, but the observable delays do not correspond directly to the delay associated with single-photon ionization. Instead, a significant part of the observed delay originates from a measurement induced process, which obscures the single-photon ionization dynamics. This artefact is traced back to a phaseshift of the above-threshold ionization transition matrix element, which we call the continuum-continuum phase. It arises due to the laser-stimulated transitions between Coulomb continuum states. As we shall show here, these measurement-induced effects can be separated from the single-photon ionization process, using analytical expressions of universal character, so that eventually the attosecond time delays in photoionization can be accessed.
|
|
