| 1. |
- Bremer, Kåre, et al.
(författare)
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An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants
- 1998
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Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. - : MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. - 0026-6493. ; 85:4, s. 531-553
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent cladistic analyses are revealing the phylogeny of flowering plants in increasing detail, and there is support for the monophyly of many major groups above the family level. With many elements of the major branching sequence of phylogeny established
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| 2. |
- Lindström, T., et al.
(författare)
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Electrochromic control of thin film light scattering
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 81:3, s. 1464-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total and diffuse reflectance spectra were measured on Al surfaces covered with electrochromic W oxide films in colored and bleached states. Vector perturbation theory was used for analyzing the spectra. The diffuse reflectance appeared to originate from correlated (uncorrelated) interface roughness when the W oxide film was fully colored (bleached). Assuming partially correlated interfaces led to agreement between experimental and calculated spectra. The use of an electrochromic film appears a promising method to control the relative contributions of the interfaces to the resulting scattering.
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| 3. |
- Granqvist, C. G., et al.
(författare)
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Progress in Smart Windows Research: Improved Electrochromic W Oxide Films and Transparent Ti-Ce Oxide Counter Electrodes
- 1996
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Ingår i: Renewable energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 8:1-4, s. 97-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review recent work on sputter deposited W-oxide-based films. Improved electrochemical durability was obtained by electron bombardment during deposition, and enhanced coloration/bleaching dynamics was obtained by fluorination. Spectrally resolved scattering measurements indicated that haze levels ≪ 1 % could be reached. Oblique angle deposition could yield angular selectivity. New results are given for sputtered Ti-Ce oxide films, showing their capacity as counter electrodes in transparent electrochromic devices.
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| 4. |
- Granqvist, C.-G., et al.
(författare)
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Recent advances in electrochromics for smart windows applications
- 1998
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Ingår i: Solar Energy. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 63:4, s. 199-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Electrochromic smart windows are able to vary their throughput of radiant energy by low-voltage electrical pulses. This function is caused by reversible shuttling of electrons and charge balancing ions between an electrochromic thin film and a transparent counter electrode. The ion transport takes place via a solid electrolyte. Charge transport is evoked by a voltage applied between transparent electrical conductors surrounding the electrochromic film/electrolyte/counter electrode stack. This review summarizes recent progress concerning: (i) calculated optical properties of crystalline WO3, (ii) electrochromic properties of heavily disordered W oxide and oxyfluoride films produced by reactive magnetron bias sputtering, (iii) novel transparent reactively sputter-deposited Zr-Ce oxide counter electrodes and (iv) a new proton-conducting antimonic-acid-based polymer electrolyte. Special in depth presentations are given on elastic light scattering from W-oxide-based films and of electronic band structure effects affecting opto-chronopotentiometry data in Zr-Ce oxide. The review also contains some new device data for an electrochromic smart window capable of very high optical transmittance.Electrochromic smart windows are able to vary their throughput of radiant energy by low-voltage electrical pulses. This function is caused by reversible shuttling of electrons and charge balancing ions between an electrochromic thin film and a transparent counter electrode. The ion transport takes place via a solid electrolyte. Charge transport is evoked by a voltage applied between transparent electrical conductors surrounding the electrochromic film/electrolyte/counter electrode stack. This review summarizes recent progress concerning: (i) calculated optical properties of crystalline WO3, (ii) electrochromic properties of heavily disordered W oxide and oxyfluoride films produced by reactive magnetron bias sputtering, (iii) novel transparent reactively sputter-deposited Zr-Ce oxide counter electrodes and (iv) a new proton-conducting antimonic-acid-based polymer electrolyte. Special in depth presentations are given on elastic light scattering from W-oxide-based films and of electronic band structure effects affecting opto-chronopotentiometry data in Zr-Ce oxide. The review also contains some new device data for an electrochromic smart window capable of very high optical transmittance.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gustafson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Förslag till Natura 2000-områden i Örebro län: Långsiktigt bevarande av den större vattensalamandern, Triturus cristatus
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Natura 2000 har till syfte att skydda hotade arter i Europa genom att bevara derras livsmiljöer. En av de hotade arter som anses ha stort bevarande värde är den större vattensalamandern (Triturus cristatus), vilken förekommer i stora delar av södra Sverige. Under 1999 utfördes en inventering av ett antal småvatten och deras närmaste omgivningar i ett för arten särskillt gynnsamt område 15-20 km V Örebro. Målsättninen var att peka ut särskillt viktiga områden för artens långsiktiga fortlevnad samt att ge förslag till skyddsvärda områden att ingå i nätverket natura 2000. Under inventeringen besöktes totalt 46 befintliga dammar. Larver av större vattensalamander påträffades i fem olika småvatten, där altså reproduktion ägde rum 1999. Vuxna individer observerades på två av dessa platser. Sammantaget utnyttjades minst 15 av de undersökta dammarna (33%) av arten, vilket innebär att populationerna i området tillsammans utgör en metapopulation, dock med idag begränsat genflöde. I syfte att bevara denna i ett långsiktigt perspektiv beskrivs åtgärder och ett antal lämpliga platser där nyanläggningar av dammar är möjliga. Fyra viktiga områden avgränsas likaledes som varande av särskild betydelse för artens lokala fortlevnad. Möjligheterna att lyckas med bevaradeinsatserna diskuteras kortfattat. Famförallt är sannolikheten att kolonisationer ska äga rum i nyanlagda miljöer avhängig av landskapens struktur och närhet till en redan befintig leklokal.
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| 7. |
- Jemt, Torsten, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year prospective multicenter follow-up report on overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 11:3, s. 291-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report presents the results of a 5-year prospective multicenter study including nine centers worldwide. A total of 30 patients received 117 Brånemark implants in the maxillae, and 103 patients received 393 implants in the mandibles. According to the protocol, all integrated maxillary implants were to be loaded; however, only two of four mandibular implants were planned for support of the overdentures, leaving the remaining implants covered by mucosa as backup for possible implant failures. Thirty-five patients (26.3%) who were provided with 127 implants (24.9%) were withdrawn from the study. Six patients treated in the maxilla lost all their implants and resumed wearing complete dentures. The cumulative success rates for implants and for overdentures supported by two implants in the edentulous mandible were 94.5% and 100%, respectively. The corresponding cumulative success rates for implants and for overdentures supported by an optimal number of implants in the maxilla were 72.4% and 77.9%, respectively. Significantly better jawbone characteristics at the time of implant surgery were considered to contribute to the better cumulative success rates in the mandibles. Mean marginal bone loss was 0.8 mm (SD 0.8) and 0.5 mm (SD 0.8) for loaded implants during a 5-year period of time in the maxillae and mandibles, respectively. Measurements of the clinical height of the abutment cylinders indicated a mean recession (0.2 mm) of peri-implant mucosa during the follow-up period in the mandibles. Conversely, hyperplasia was observed in the maxillae.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Koch, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Die Säulen der Macht
- 1999
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Ingår i: Benno Hübner, Filósofo y Amigo. Itinerario de un Pensamiento. - 8470132687 ; , s. 295-316
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Kullman, L., et al.
(författare)
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Elastic Light Scattering and Electrochemical Durability of Electrochromic Tungsten-oxide-based Films
- 1996
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 288:1-2, s. 330-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochromic W-oxide-based films were produced by reactive d.c. magnetron sputtering. Fluorination and substrate bias were used to modify the film properties. Spectral measurements of the total and diffuse light scattering showed that the diffuse component remained at much less than 1% in the visible, irrespective of electrochemical degradation, which is low enough for smart windows applications.
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