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- Choularton, T. W., et al.
(författare)
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The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993 : An overview
- 1997
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2393-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.
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| 5. |
- Biver, N, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term evolution of the outgassing of comet Hale-Bopp from radio observations
- 1997
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Ingår i: EARTH MOON AND PLANETS. - : KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL. - 0167-9295. ; 78:1-3, s. 5-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) has been observed on a regular basis since August 1995 at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths using IRAM, JCMT, CSO and SEST radio telescopes. The production rates of eight molecular species (CO, HCN, CH3OH, H2CO, H2S, CS, CH3CN
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| 6. |
- Boström, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Survey of post-operative patients' pain management
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 5:6, s. 341-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although effective pain treatment is available for both cancer-related pain and acute post-operative pain, many patients suffer unnecessarily. The aim of this study was to evaluate post-operative patients' pain management. A descriptive survey study was conducted in a 460-bed acute hospital in the southwestern part of Sweden. One hundred post-operative inpatients, on their second post-operative day, took part in the study. They were consecutively selected from six surgical wards. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire designed by the American Pain Society and analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. At the time of the interview, 29 of the patients reported moderate to severe pain. Regarding the patients' worst pain experienced during the last 24 h, 79 of them reported moderate to very severe pain. Significant correlations were found between reported poor pain relief after pain medication and high intensity of pain both within the last 24 h and at the time of the interview. Eighty-three patients were satisfied with the way nurses treated their pain, while 64 patients were satisfied with the way physicians treated their pain. However, the higher the pain intensity experienced by the patients the less satisfied they were. The fact that patients do not know what kinds of relief are available may be one reason for the patients expressing satisfaction despite being in pain, another that the patients judge the kindness of the staff rather than their way of treating the pain. The field of pain management is rapidly changing requiring professional knowledge and experience in order to ensure pain management of good quality.
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| 9. |
- Davies, Roy C, et al.
(författare)
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A Practical Example Using VR in the Assessment of Brain Injury
- 1998
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Virtual Reality. - 1081-1451. ; 3:4, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Virtual Reality (VR) as a complementary tool for medical practitioners in the assessment and rehabilitation of people who have suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is discussed. A pilot-study has been undertaken on a prototype VR assessment tool. The design involved nine occupational therapists with expertise in the care of traumatic brain injured patients and one (computer experienced) patient. The aim was to begin a dialogue and to ascertain the potential of a VR system. A common method for occupational therapists to assess function and ability is to ask a patient to brew coffee. From the performance of such a task, an individual’s “functional signature” can be determined. The prototype was built using Superscape, a personal computer based VR system, to be close to the real coffee making task, including effects of making mistakes, realistic graphics and sound effects. The world was designed to be as easy to use and intuitive as possible, though problems of mental abstraction level, transfer of training and realistic interaction have yet to be resolved. The comments from the test participants have highlighted problem areas, given positive insight and pointed out other scenarios where VR may be of use in the rehabilitation of people with a traumatic brain injury.
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