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- Castiglione, Fabio, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose-derived Stem Cells Counteract Urethral Stricture Formation in Rats
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838 .- 1873-7560. ; 70:6, s. 1032-1041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A medical treatment for urethral stricture (US) is not yet available. Objective: To evaluate if local injection of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSC) prevents urethral fibrosis in a rat model of US. Design, setting, and participants: Male rats were divided into three groups: sham, US, and hADSC (n = 12 each). Sham rats received a vehicle injection in the urethral wall. US and hADSCs were incised and injected with the fibrosis-inducer transforming growth factor-β1 in the urethral wall. Intervention: One day later, hADSCs were injected in the urethral wall of hADSC rats whereas sham and US rats were injected with the vehicle. After 4 wk, the rats underwent cystometries and tissues were then harvested for functional and molecular analyses. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Cystometry, microultrasound, histochemistry, organ bath studies, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. Results and limitations: US rats exhibited 49-51% shorter micturition intervals, 35-51% smaller micturition volumes and bladder capacity, 33-62% higher threshold pressures and flow pressures, and 35-37% lower bladder filling compliance compared with hADSC-treated rats and sham rats (p
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- Kjelstrup, S., et al.
(författare)
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A thermodynamic metric for assessing sustainable use of natural resources
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Thermodynamics. - : International Centre for Applied Thermodynamics (ICAT). - 1301-9724 .- 2146-1511. ; 18:1, s. 66-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thermodynamic metric is proposed to supplement existing scales in the assessment of the way we use our natural resources. This metric has the advantage of being absolute and independent of economy, suitable for comparison of technologies, and can be used at molecular level as well as process-units and systems levels. It measures loss of useful work (exergy) in cradle-to-grave or complete recycling systems in terms of generalized friction or entropy production and may deliver realistic targets for process operations. This absolute scale can be useful also for international legislation and to foster a development in direction of more sustainable technologies. In an extended perspective, the presented approach may form a universal basis for analysis and development of national economies and policies regarding industry, engineering and environment. This may give new opportunities to put political resource discussions on a solid objective footing.
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- Nhu, Trang T., et al.
(författare)
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Environmental impact of non-certified versus certified (ASC) intensive Pangasius aquaculture in Vietnam, a comparison based on a statistically supported LCA
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 219, s. 156-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pangasius production in Vietnam is widely known as a success story in aquaculture, the fastest growing global food system because of its tremendous expansion by volume, value and the number of international markets to which Pangasius has been exported in recent years. While certification schemes are becoming significant features of international fish trade and marketing, an increasing number of Pangasius producers have followed at least one of the certification schemes recognised by international markets to incorporate environmental and social sustainability practices in aquaculture, typically the Pangasius Aquaculture Dialogue (PAD) scheme certified by the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC). An assessment of the environmental benefit of applying certification schemes on Pangasius production, however, is still needed. This article compared the environmental impact of ASC-certified versus non-ASC certified intensive Pangasius aquaculture, using a statistically supported LCA. We focused on both resource-related (water, land and total resources) and emissions-related (global warming, acidification, freshwater and marine eutrophication) categories. The ASC certification scheme was shown to be a good approach for determining adequate environmental sustainability, especially concerning emissions related categories, in Pangasius production. However, the non-ASC certified farms, due to the large spread, the impact (e.g., water resources and freshwater eutrophication) was possibly lower for a certain farm. However, this result was not generally prominent. Further improvements in intensive Pangasius production to inspire certification schemes are proposed, e.g., making the implementation of certification schemes more affordable, well-oriented and facilitated; reducing consumed feed amounts and of the incorporated share in fishmeal, especially domestic fishmeal, etc. However, their implementation should be vetted with key stakeholders to assess their feasibility.
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