| 1. |
- Pham, Tuan D, et al.
(författare)
-
How Complex Is Cancer Intracellular Signaling Space in FIB-SEM Images?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Sixth UKSim/AMSS European Symposium on Computer Modeling and Simulation (EMS), 2012. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467349772 ; , s. 139-142
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- How cell regulates its intracellular features to optimize their signaling pathways is still far from understanding. Recent advancement in microscopy imaging of the structure of cell organelles enables biomedical researchers to study cell morphology in great detail to discover the pathogeneses of diseases by information obtained at molecular level. A particular interest is to quantify the complexity of the spatial content of the intracellular space captured by the combination of focused ion beam (FIB) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging systems. Such quantitative measure of the complexity of organelles is expected to be a useful tool for benchmarking biological simulations of cancers and controlling disease-specific drug effects. In this paper, for the first time nonlinear dynamical models are utilized to investigate the structural characteristics of intracellular space using FIB-SEM technology to quantify the complex architecture of cell organelles.
|
|
| 2. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
-
Determining neutrino oscillation parameters from atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of IceCube DeepCore data
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 91:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a measurement of neutrino oscillations via atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of data of the completed IceCube neutrino detector. DeepCore, a region of denser IceCube instrumentation, enables the detection and reconstruction of atmospheric muon neutrinos between 10 and 100 GeV, where a strong disappearance signal is expected. The IceCube detector volume surrounding DeepCore is used as a veto region to suppress the atmospheric muon background. Neutrino events are selected where the detected Cherenkov photons of the secondary particles minimally scatter, and the neutrino energy and arrival direction are reconstructed. Both variables are used to obtain the neutrino oscillation parameters from the data, with the best fit given by Delta m(32)(2) = 2.72(-0.20)(+0.19) x 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)theta(23) = 0.53(-0.12)(+0.09) (normal mass ordering assumed). The results are compatible, and comparable in precision, to those of dedicated oscillation experiments.
|
|
| 3. |
- Abbasi, R., et al.
(författare)
-
All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 44, s. 40-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km(2). The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0 degrees and 46 degrees. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles theta < 30 degrees, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- de Herder, Wouter W, et al.
(författare)
-
Unmet Needs in the Field of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas, and Respiratory System : Reports by the ENETS Group.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Neuroendocrinology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0028-3835 .- 1423-0194. ; 108:1, s. 5-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the 10th and 11th of November 2016, 54 international experts in the field of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and respiratory system met in Munich, Germany, to discuss and determine unmet needs in this field. The participating experts were Advisory Board members and invited guests of the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS). The Board members were medical specialists with different clinical or preclinical backgrounds, basic scientists, specialized nurses, and patient representatives.According to the Oxford dictionary, “unmet” refers to something (here, a need) which has not been achieved or fulfilled. The NEN expert subgroups succeeded in producing 6 reports on what they identified as the most relevant unmet needs in NEN. They identified several limitations of the current tumor classification, grading, and staging systems for almost all NEN subtypes.Apart from the historical separation regarding origin into foregut, midgut, and hindgut, other subentities have now been recognized, each requiring a more tailored approach. There is still a general lack of predictive and prognostic markers, in samples of both tumor tissue and surrogate tissues such as the blood. Tumor visualization making use of radiology and nuclear medicine has seen impressive advances in recent years. However, with regard to determining tumor (metastases) responses, there is still debate as to how best to achieve this with different imaging modalities.In spite of more treatment options (locoregional and systemic) being available for metastatic NENs, help is needed to select appropriate treatment strategies (sequencing) and there is also a need for more effective treatments. For some tumor entities, watchful waiting might be considered (e.g., in the case of small pancreatic NENs) but, again, the lack of reliable markers makes it difficult to decide which tumors should undergo resection and which should be monitored only. There are currently no registered or approved adjuvant treatment options for the period after curative resection of some of the isolated or locally advanced NENs (e.g., of the pancreas, appendix, and rectum). It is also unclear which patients might benefit from adjuvant treatment. The follow-up of patients with NENs remains a poorly studied area and is based on loose empirical international guidelines or institutional opinion.All of these unmet needs in the field of NENs exponentially increase the complexity of conducting well-designed clinical and translational studies to resolve these issues, with multidisciplinary and international efforts such as the current one led by ENETS being the only way to move forward. We invite all Readers of Neuroendocrinology interested in the field of NENs to study the series of 6 articles reporting on unmet needs in the field of NENs
|
|
| 6. |
- Edwin Samson, Ponnusamy, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/E-glass/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Polymers for Advanced Technologies. - : John Wiley and Sons Ltd. - 1042-7147 .- 1099-1581. ; 34:1, s. 363-376
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid intraply carbon/E-glass epoxy composites with different orientations and stacking sequences under different loading conditions with increasing temperature. A neat epoxy and five various hybrid composites such as Carbon (0°)/E-glass (90°), Carbon (45°)/E-glass (135°), Carbon (90°)/E-glass (0°), Carbon/E-glass (alternating layer), and Carbon/E-glass (alternating layer 45°) were manufactured. Three-point bending test and dynamic mechanical test were conducted to understand the flexural modulus and viscoelastic behavior (storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangent) of the composites. Dynamic mechanical test was performed with the dual cantilever method, at four different frequencies (1, 5, 10, and 20 Hz) and temperatures ranging from 30 to 150°C. The experimental results of storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangents were compared with the theoretical findings of neat epoxy and various hybrid composites. The glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with the increase in frequency. A linear fit of the natural log of frequency to the inverse of absolute temperature was plotted in the activation energy estimation. The interphase damping (tanδi) between plies and the strength indicator (Si) of the hybrid composites were estimated. It was observed that the neat epoxy had more insufficient storage and loss modulus and a high loss tangent at all the frequencies whereas hybrid composites had high storage and loss modulus and a low loss tangent for all the frequencies. Compared with other hybrid composites, Carbon (90°)/E-glass (0°) had higher strength and activation energy. The result of reinforcement of hybrid fiber in neat epoxy significantly increases the material's strength and stability at higher temperatures whereas decreasing free molecular movement.
|
|
| 7. |
- Edwinson Månsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Children Need to Know : A Follow-Up Study Two Decades Later on Informing and Preparing Children for Clinical Examinations and Procedures
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Nursing. - : Jannetti Publications. - 0097-9805. ; 49:1, s. 32-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To describe the current practice of how children and their parents are informed and prepared for medical procedures at Swedish pediatric units, and to follow up on practices reported previously in 17 units.Design and Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was performed in 2000, defined as Trial 1 (T1), with 58 responses, and repeated from 2017 to 2018, defined as Trial 2 (T2), with 26 responses. Potential differences between T1 and T2 were calculated with Pearson's Chi-square, and open-ended question responses were subjected to content analysis.Results: In T1, 95% of respondents reported regular preparation services and 65% reported this in T2; most practices were equal between T1 and T2. However, prior to admission, conversations with nurses (p < 0.05) and video shows on the Internet or web-based programs (p < 0.001) were more frequently reported in T2 than in T1. Additionally, written information about psychological needs at discharge (p < 0.001) and communication with nurses and physicians increased in the present study (p < 0.01). Checking the child's level of understanding was reported less in T2 (p < 0.01). Open-ended responses gave the impression that the units had ambition to inform and prepare children properly but were hindered because of time constraints, a strained staff situation, and lack of routines.Conclusions: In Swedish Pediatric Care, preparation services are emphasized; however, increased outpatient care and decreased hospital stays challenged the practice of preparation and information. The child's perspective of preparation and information needs further illumination.
|
|
| 8. |
- Wang, Liye, et al.
(författare)
-
Trade-Offs between Economic Benefits and Ecosystem Services Value under Three Cropland Protection Scenarios for Wuhan City in China
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Land. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-445X. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past few decades urbanization and population growth have been the main trend all over the world, which brings the increase of economic benefits (EB) and the decrease of cropland. Cropland protection policies play an important role in the urbanization progress. In this study, we assess the trade-offs between EB and ecosystem services value (ESV) under three cropland protection policy scenarios using the LAND System Cellular Automata for Potential Effects (LANDSCAPE) model. The empirical results reveal that trade-offs between EB and ESV in urbanizing areas are dynamic, and that they considerably vary under different cropland protection policy scenarios. Especially, the results identify certain “turning points” for each policy scenario at which a small to moderate growth in EB would result in greater ESV losses. Among the three scenarios, we found that the cropland protection policy has the most adverse effect on trade-offs between EB and ESV and the results in the business as usual scenario have the least effect on the trade-offs. Furthermore, the results show that a strict balance between requisition and compensation of cropland is an inappropriate policy option in areas where built-up areas are increasing rapidly from the perspective of mitigating conflict between EB and ESV and the numbers of cropland protection that restrained by land use planning policy of Wuhan is a better choice.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Parvin, Nargish, et al.
(författare)
-
On the relationships between the size of agricultural machinery, soil quality and net revenues for farmers and society
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Soil Security. - : Elsevier. - 2667-0062. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanization in agriculture has greatly improved the efficiency of field operations, but also resulted in heavier agricultural vehicles, which has led to increased risks of soil compaction. Hence, farmers benefit from machinery with higher capacity but may suffer from decreased yields caused by compaction. Compaction may result in further environmental costs to society. We present a framework that relates the machinery capacity to soil compaction and its impacts on crop yields and environmental disservices, and associated revenues and costs for farmers and society. We combined simulations using a soil compaction model and a soil-crop model with simple economic analyses. We applied the framework to a case study of cereal production in Sweden, to derive the optimal combine harvester size that maximizes the farmer's private profit and the societal net benefit, respectively. Increased machinery size decreased harvesting costs, but also reduced simulated crop yields and thus crop revenue as a result of soil compaction. Furthermore, in the model simulations, compaction also increased surface run-off, nitrogen leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. Intermediate machinery size maximized the farmer's net revenue. Net benefits for society were highest for the lowest possible compaction level, due to the considerable external costs from soil compaction. We show that the optimal machinery size and thus compaction level for maximum farmer revenue would decrease if either producer prices were higher, harvesting costs savings from larger machinery were smaller, or if farmers were charged for (part of the) environmental costs.
|
|
