| 1. |
- Diaz-Gallifa, Pau, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Characterization of a Series of Cu-II-Ln(III) Heterometallic [Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm) Metal-Organic Compounds with an Unusual Single Crystal to Single Crystal Phase Transition
- 2013
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 13:11, s. 4735-4745
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis and structural characterization of five Cu(II)-Ln(III) heteronuclear metal-organic frameworks of formula {[Ln(4)Cu(4)(H2O)(26)(bta)(5)]center dot mH(2)O} and {[Ln(4)Cu(4)(H2O)(24)(bta)(5)]center dot pH(2)O} [Ln = La-III (1A/1B), Ce-III (2A/2B), Pr-III (3A/3B), Nd-III (4A/4B) and Sm-III (5A/5B) with m/p = 20 (1A)/16 (1B), 18 (2A)/16 (2B), 14 (3016 (3B), 22 (4A)/16 (4B) and 21 (5A)/14 (5B); H(4)bta =1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (1-5)] have been performed. These compounds present a single-crystal to single-crystal phase transition from expanded A phases toward the B shrinking networks, which is triggered only in the presence of a dry environment. This phase transition is accompanied by a compression of the crystallographic b-axis in the range 2.4 to 2.8 angstrom with the consequent decrease of the unit cell volume from 9.5% to 12%. The isomorphous crystal structures of 1A-5A can be described as two crystallographically independent [Cu(II)-Ln(III)] heterometallic dinuclear units which are connected through two crystallographically independent bta(4-) ligands in the ac-plane, leading to 4,4-rectangular grids. These layers are connected along the crystallographic b-axis, through a pillaring bta(4-) group. The phase transition implies a change of the coordination mode of the bta4- pillar from bis-monodentate (1A-5A) to tetrakis-monodentate (1B-5B). Magnetic susceptibility measurements of polycrystalline samples of 1A-5A in the temperature range 2.0-300 K have in common the decrease of the chi T-M product with T which in the case of 1A is due to weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the copper(II) ions through the bta4- skeleton, the Lam cation being diamagnetic [J = -3.5 cm(-1) with the Hamiltonian defined H = -JS(Cu1)center dot S-Cu2,]. For the 2A-5A compounds, the additional exchange interaction between Cu-II and the paramagnetic Ln(II) is masked by the crystal field effects (which partially removes the 2J + 1 degeneracy of the L-2S+1(J) free-ion ground state in zero magnetic field) (2A-5A) and the thermal population of excited free-ion states (5A).
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| 2. |
- Ojeda, Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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A topical microemulsion for the prevention of allergic rhinitis symptoms: results of a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, multinational clinical trial (Nares study)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1710-1492. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Since barrier protection measures to avoid contact with allergens are being increasingly developed, we assessed the clinical efficacy and tolerability of a topical nasal microemulsion made of glycerol esters in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: Randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel group, multicentre, multinational clinical trial in which adult patients with allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis due to sensitization to birch, grass or olive tree pollens received treatment with topical microemulsion or placebo during the pollen seasons. Efficacy variables included scores in the mini-RQLQ questionnaire, number and severity of nasal, ocular and lung signs and symptoms, need for symptomatic medications and patients' satisfaction with treatment. Adverse events were also recorded. Results: Demographic characteristics were homogeneous between groups and mini-RQLQ scores did not differ significantly at baseline (visit 1). From symptoms recorded in the diary cards, the ME group showed statistically significant better scores for nasal congestion (0.72 vs. 1.01; p = 0.017) and mean total nasal symptoms (0.7 vs. 0.9; p = 0.045). At visit 2 (pollen season), lower values were observed in the mini-RQLQ in the ME group, although there were no statistically significant differences between groups in both full analysis set (FAS) and patients completing treatment (PPS) populations. The results obtained in the nasal symptoms domain of the mini-RQLQ at visit 2 showed the highest difference (-0.43; 95% CI: -0.88 to 0.02) for the ME group in the FAS population. The topical microemulsion was safe and well tolerated and no major discomforts were observed. Satisfaction rating with the treatment was similar between the groups. Conclusions: The topical application of the microemulsion is a feasible and safe therapy in the prevention of allergic symptoms, particularly nasal congestion.
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| 3. |
- Tinoco, Ana B, et al.
(författare)
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Ghrelin increases food intake, swimming activity and growth in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physiology and Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-9384 .- 1873-507X. ; 124, s. 15-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several key functions of ghrelin are well conserved through vertebrate phylogeny. However, some of ghrelin's effects are contradictory and among teleosts only a limited number of species have been used in functional studies on food intake and foraging-related behaviors. Here we investigated the long-term effects of ghrelin on food intake, growth, swimming activity and aggressive contest behavior in one year old wild brown trout (Salmo trutta) using intraperitoneal implants. Food intake and swimming activity were individually recorded starting from day 1, and aggressive behavior was tested at day 11, after ghrelin implantation. Body weight and growth rate were measured from the beginning to the end of the experiment. Triglycerides and lipase activity in muscle and liver; monoaminergic activity in the telencephalon and brainstem; and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA levels in the hypothalamus were analyzed. Ghrelin treatment was found to increase food intake and growth without modifying lipid deposition or lipid metabolism in liver and muscle. Ghrelin treatment led to an increased foraging activity and a trend towards a higher swimming activity. Moreover, ghrelin-treated fish showed a tendency to initiate more conflicts, but this motivation was not reflected in a higher ability to win the conflicts. No changes were observed in monoaminergic activity and NPY mRNA levels in the brain. Ghrelin is therefore suggested to act as an orexigenic hormone regulating behavior in juvenile wild brown trout. These actions are accompanied with an increased growth without the alteration of liver and muscle lipid metabolism and they do not seem to be mediated by changes in brain monoaminergic activity or hypothalamic expression of NPY.
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| 4. |
- Tinoco, Ana Belén, et al.
(författare)
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Regulación de la ingesta, el crecimiento y el comportamiento por ghrelina en ejemplares salvajes de trucha marrón (Salmo trutta)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Libro de actas: XIII Congreso Nacional Acuicultura, Barcelona 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studies in teleosts reveal that several key functions of ghrelin have been conserved during vertebrate evolution. However, results in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) showed different effects of this hormone. Our aim was to clarify if these results are representative for salmonids, or reflect domestication effects, since rainbow trout has been artificially selected for rapid growth. Thus, the long-term effect of ghrelin implants in wild brown trout (S. trutta) parr was studied. Ghrelin significantly increased food intake and specific growth rate. Moreover, an increase tendency was observed in swim activity and aggressive behavior in ghrelin treated fish. Therefore, ghrelin seems to have the same functions in wild salmonids as in other fish, and the altered ghrelin actions in rainbow trout are likely due to domestication effects, although species-specific effects cannot be ruled out. Additional studies are necessary to clarify if ghrelin affect swim activity and aggressive behavior in salmonids.
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