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- Dellve, Lotta, 1965
(författare)
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Explaining occupational disorders and work ability among home care workers.
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate what factors and conditions contribute to explain the incidences of reported occupational disorders (occupational injuries and work-related diseases and symptoms) and work ability (long-term work ability, long-term sick leave and disability pension) among home care workers (HCWs).Factors at three levels were investigated in this thesis: the macro-organisational level, the workplace level and the individual level. Incidence of occupational disorde... merrs, long-term sick leave, disability pension and prevalence of long-term work ability, of the total working population of HCWs, was calculated and analysed from register-based data. The impact of workplace factors on disability pension was investigated through a case-control design. The rehabilitation process of HCWs with musculo-skeletal disorders was investigated retrospectively. A qualitative approach was applied to gain a deeper understanding of conditions related to recognising, communicating and reporting occupational disorders among HCWs.The results show great differences in municipal incidence of occupational disorders, long-term sick leave, disability pension and the municipal prevalence of workers with long-term work ability in Sweden. Female HCWs had a higher incidence of occupational disorders, long-term sick leave and disability pension. Municipal prevalence of long-term work ability was related to the proportion of non-fulltime workers. Workplace factors were related to disability pension, and exposure to several risk factors constituted a strong risk for disability pension. Few HCWs received occupational rehabilitation. A formally approved occupational disorder was related to receiving occupational rehabilitation and more rehabilitation. The important condition for reporting was that it was easy to communicate and define the occupational disorder in terms of time and place. Communicability of occupational disorders was qualitatively related to experienced work environment problems. Disorders derived from "meeting-moving-carrying-hurrying", were easier to communicate and report than disorders derived from a mixture of work elements.In conclusion, there are several individual and workplace factors and conditions that together contribute to explain occupational disorders, and work ability among HCWs. Physical demands, also in interaction with psychosocial factors, seem to be crucial for disability pension. The low rehabilitation activity within this occupational group, in combination with the few opportunities for reduced physical workload, may also play a central role for work ability. Work-group influence and support, in addition to emotional demands at work, seems to contribute to risks but also to experienced benefits.
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- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Grounded theory in public health research
- 2002
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Ingår i: Qualitative Methods in Public Health Research - Theoretical foundations and practical examples. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144021799 ; , s. 137-173
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The 2nd Nordic Interdisciplinary Conference on Qualitative Methods in the Service of Health, held in Göteborg in August 2001, was the starting-point for this book. Researchers from different disciplines contribute knowledge and research experience to this anthology. The main aim of the book is to point at the value of diversity in public health research and the challenge of using qualitative methods complementary to traditional epidemiological methods. The book gives the reader an analysis of the uniqueness and the theoretical foundations for qualitative methods and a discussion of the nature of qualitative research in general. Different qualitative methods appropriate to different research questions in the public health area are practically illustrated as well as the nature of knowledge obtained through these methods. The present book especially highlights phenomenology, phenomenography, grounded theory and narrative research. In sum, the aim of the book is to provide students with theoretical understanding and practical knowledge of qualitative research. This anthology targets students in health care and public health as well as doctoral students and practicing researchers with an interest in qualitative methods.
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- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Harmonizing dilemmas. Siblings of children with DAMP and Asperger syndrome´s experience of coping with their life-situation
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. ; 14:3, s. 172-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this qualitative study was to describe, from their own perspective and experiences, how siblings of children with deficits in attention, motor control and perception (DAMP) and Asperger syndrome cope with their life situations in their families. Fifteen adolescent females 12-18 years old, siblings of boys with DAMP (8 subjects) and Asperger syndrome (7 subjects), were interviewed. The method used in sampling and analysis of interview protocols was the constant comparative method for grounded theory. The inductive categorization of data produced two core concepts, one about the siblings' life situations in DAMP and Asperger syndrome ('dilemma of requirements and concerns') and one about the siblings' coping processes ('harmonizing'). Of the six categories identified, four were categories of the processes of coping ('gaining understanding', 'gaining independence', 'following a bonding responsibility' and 'balancing'). The qualitative differences between coping processes were related to the two categories of context to cope within the experienced dilemma 'requirements' and 'concerns'. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the siblings' life situations, and may be important for health personnel in encounter families and for identifying siblings with special needs. The findings may also aid in the development of preventive programs for siblings of children with DAMP and Asperger syndrome.
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- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitation of home care workers: supportive factors and obstacles prior to disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688. ; 12:2, s. 55-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to retrospectively explore the prevalence of rehabilitation actions, supportive factors, and obstacles for rehabilitation among home care workers with musculoskeletal disorders, especially focusing on aspects related to occupational rehabilitation. All home care workers in Sweden whose disability pension was approved in 1997 and 1998 because of a musculoskeletal disorder, were selected (n = 373). Data, covering aspects of the rehabilitation process and conditions in working life 5 and 15 years prior to their disability pension, were collected from a questionnaire. The majority considered that the disorder leading to a disability pension was caused by their work, but only one-third of them had their occupational disorder formally approved. Only one-third of the study group received occupational rehabilitation. However, an approved occupational disorder was related to higher prevalence of occupational rehabilitation. In the age group 60-65, few home care workers received rehabilitation. The majority perceived good support from their supervisor and working team, but no support with regard to lowering physical demands. Modification and reduction of physical demands might improve both sustained work ability in home care work and the outcome of the rehabilitation.
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- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Work-system risk factors for permanent work disability among home-care workers: a case-control study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: International archives of occupational and environmental health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 76:3, s. 216-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: There is a growing need for home-care services in western societies. As home-care workers show high levels of absence related to poor health it is important that we broaden our knowledge about what factors in the work system contribute to this. The aim of this study was to explore and estimate the impact of the work system on permanent work disability and its relative importance compared with home-life risks among home-care workers. METHODS: The cases (617 subjects) were all home-care workers in Sweden, whose disability pension was approved in 1997 or 1998. The controls (771 subjects) were home-care workers still working. We used a questionnaire to gain situation-specific information on working life and home life 5 and 15 years before disability pension entitlement. RESULTS: The most important risk factors in the work system were poor ergonomic/lifting conditions, time pressure and lack of professional caring technique. Fifteen years prior to disability pension entitlement, insufficient management (odds ratio (OR) 95%, CI 2.6[1.6;4.2]) and relational problems at work were also risk factors. Five years before disability pension entitlement, poor organisational support (4.1 [2.5;6.7]), opportunities for co-working and working climate (3.5 [2.4;5.2]) were also strongly related to a persisting work ability. The magnitude of exposure to a number of risk factors had an increased effect (highest 13.8 [5.6-33.8]). The strongest risk factor in home life was little opportunity to rest from work (4.9 [3.0;8.0]). The risk factors in working life were robust to the inclusion of the grouped risk factors of home life. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion was that risk factors related to the work system are, alone, strongly related to permanent work disability among home-care workers. Also, exposure to several of the risk factors constitutes a notably strong risk for permanent work disability.
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