| 1. |
- Richards, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature. - 1476-4687. ; 452:7190, s. 949-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tribolium castaneum is a representative of earth’s most numerous eukaryotic order, a powerful model organism for the study of generalized insect development, and also an important pest of stored agricultural products. We describe its genome sequence here. This omnivorous beetle has evolved an ability to interact with a diverse chemical environment as evidenced by large expansions in odorant and gustatory receptors, as well as p450 and other detoxification enzymes. Developmental patterns in Tribolium are more representative of other arthropods than those found in Drosophila, a fact represented in gene content and function. For one, Tribolium has retained more ancestral genes involved in cell-cell communication than Drosophila, and some are expressed in the growth zone crucial for axial elongation in short germ development. Systemic RNAi in T. castaneum appears to use mechanisms distinct from those found in C. elegans, but nevertheless offers similar power for the elucidation of gene function and identification of targets for selective insect control.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fisher, D., et al.
(författare)
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The Mt Logan Holocene-late Wisconsinan isotope record : Tropical Pacific-Yukon connections
- 2008
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Ingår i: Holocene. - : SAGE Publications. ; 18:5, s. 667-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ice core recovered from Prospector Russell Col on Mt Logan (5.4 km a.s.l.), in the Yukon spans over 20 000 years. This unique record offers a Pacific view of the stable isotope and chemical record from the Lateglacial to the present. The timescale is based on seasonal counted years, the largest known volcanic acid signatures and the major shift in stable isotopes and chemistry at the end of the Younger Dryas. There are large and sustained changes in the stable isotopic record that are anti-correlated with marine and continental chemistry series. The oxygen-18 in this area is not a proxy for palaeotemperature but rather for source region. The last major isotope shift in AD 1840 in δ(18O) and chemistry is compared with the Quinn's ENSO record. During periods of more frequent La Niña (stronger tropical easterlies) there is more zonal flow of water vapour transport to the Pacific Northwest, δ(18O) values are larger and the deuterium excess d smaller. These periods coincide with periods of lower accumulation/precipitation in southern Yukon. The Holocene δ(18O) record indicates many large shifts between the meridional (strong El Niño) and zonal (La Niña). Comparison of the Logan isotopic record and the moisture/temperature-sensitive time series of peat bog inception dates for the Northwest shows a strong correlation (0.36) that points to high accumulation rates coincident with low δ(18O) and enhanced meridional flow. Major changes in the core at 4200 BP and 7000—8000 BP point to enhanced meridional flow, which coincide with big changes in the Pacific palaeorecords of the balance between El Niño and La Niña. 4200 BP seems to have inaugurated the `modern' ENSO world.
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| 4. |
- Brasche, Johannes, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Dynkin's formula and large coupling convergence
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Functional Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1236 .- 1096-0783. ; 219:1, s. 34-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Let H≥1 be a selfadjoint operator in H, let J be a linear and bounded operator from (D(H1/2), ∥ H1/2) . ∥) to Haux) and for β > 0 let HβJ be the nonnegative selfadjoint operator in H satisfying ∥ (HβJ)1/2 f∥2 = ∥ H1/2 f∥2 + β ∥ Jf∥aux)2, f ∈ D((HβJ)1/2) = D (H1/2). Let D∞J be the limit of the operators DβJ = H-1 - (HβJ)-1. For D∞J the generalized Dynkin's formula D∞J = PH-1 is derived. P is the orthogonal projection in (D(H1/2), H1/2·, H1/2·)) onto the orthogonal complement of the kernel of J. Operator and trace class norms of D∞J - DβJ are given explicitly such that their rate of convergence can be studied exactly. Let E be an m-symmetric regular Dirichlet form in L2(E,m), Γ a closed subset of E with finite capacity and the equilibrium measure of Γ. If H - 1 is the selfadjoint operator associated to E and J : D(E) . L2(E, μ1 is defined by Jf = f̃ μ1-a.e., f ∈ D(E), then ∥ D∞J - DβJ ∥ ≤ 1 / 1+β, β > 0. Here f̃ denotes any quasi-continuous representative of f. Estimate (1) is sharp.
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| 5. |
- Demuth, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Pathogenomics: An updated European Research Agenda
- 2008
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Ingår i: Infection, Genetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-7257 .- 1567-1348. ; 8:3, s. 386-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emerging genomic technologies and bioinformatics provide novel opportunities for studying life-threatening human pathogens and to develop new applications for the improvement of human and animal health and the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of infections. Based on the ecology and population biology of pathogens and related organisms and their connection to epidemiology, more accurate typing technologies and approaches will lead to better means of disease control. The analysis of the genome plasticity and gene pools of pathogenic bacteria including antigenic diversity and antigenic variation results in more effective vaccines and vaccine implementation programs. The study of newly identified and uncultivated microorganisms enables the identification of new threats. The scrutiny of the metabolism of the pathogen in the host allows the identification of new targets for anti-infectives and therapeutic approaches. The development of modulators of host responses and mediators of host damage will be facilitated by the research on interactions of microbes and hosts, including mechanisms of host damage, acute and chronic relationships as well as commensalisms. The study of multiple pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes interacting in the host will improve the management of multiple infections and will allow probiotic and prebiotic interventions. Needless to iterate, the application of the results of improved prevention and treatment of infections into clinical tests will have a positive impact on the management of human and animal disease. The Pathogenomics Research Agenda draws on discussions with experts of the Network of Excellence "EuroPathoGenomics" at the management board meeting of the project held during 18-21 April 2007, in the Villa Vigoni, Menaggio, Italy. Based on a proposed European Research Agenda in the field of pathogenomics by the ERA-NET PathoGenoMics the meeting's participants updated the established list of topics as the research agenda for the future.
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