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Actions of prolonged ghrelin infusion on gastrointestinal transit and glucose homeostasis in humans
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- Falkén, Y. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Hellström, Per M., 1954- (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Gastroenterologi/Hellström
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Sanger, G. J. (author)
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Dewit, O. (author)
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Dukes, G. (author)
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- Grybäck, P. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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Holst, J. J. (author)
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- Näslund, E. (author)
- Karolinska Institutet
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2010-01-21
- 2010
- English.
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In: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 22:6, s. e192-e200
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Background Ghrelin is produced by enteroendocrine cells in the gastric mucosa and stimulates gastric emptying in healthy volunteers and patients with gastroparesis in short-term studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of intravenous ghrelin on gastrointestinal motility and glucose homeostasis during a 6-h infusion in humans. Methods Ghrelin (15 pmol kg−1 min−1) or saline was infused intravenously for 360 min after intake of radio-opaque markers, acetaminophen, and lactulose after a standardized breakfast in 12 male volunteers. Gastric emptying, orocecal transit, colonic transit, postprandial plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY were assessed. In vitro studies of gastrointestinal muscle contractility were performed. Key Results The gastric emptying rate was faster for ghrelin compared to saline (P = 0.002) with a shorter half-emptying time (50.3 ± 3.9 vs 59.9 ± 4.4 min, P = 0.004). There was no effect of ghrelin on orocecal or colonic transit. Postprandial elevations of plasma glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 occurred 15 min earlier and were higher with ghrelin. The insulinogenic index did not change during ghrelin infusion. Basal in vitro contractility was unaffected by ghrelin. Conclusions & Inferences The effect of a 6-h ghrelin infusion on gastrointestinal motility is limited to the stomach without affecting orocecal or colonic transit. Plasma glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 are elevated postprandially, probably as a result of the hastened gastric emptying. Changes in glucose homeostasis as a consequence of stimulated gastric emptying and hormone release, need to be taken into account in the use of pharmacological stimulants for the treatment of motility disorders.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Gastroenterologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Gastroenterology and Hepatology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- colon
- gastric emptying
- GLP-1
- insulin
- small bowel
- MEDICINE
- MEDICIN
- Medical Science
- Medicinsk vetenskap
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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