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- Isham, B., LaHoz, C., Rietveld, M.T., Hagfors, T., Leyser, T.B.
(författare)
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Cavitating Langmuir Turbulence Observed during High-Latitude Ionospheric Wave Interaction Experiments
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. ; 83, s. 2576-2579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Spante, Maria, 1967-
(författare)
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Talking heads on the internet : social interaction in a multi-user voice based 3d graphical environment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IRIS 2011.. - 9789521226489
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on the finding from a qualitative study which investigated how long-termusers of Traveler, a voice-based 3D online graphical environment launched in 1996 and stillrunning, experience their social relations in relation to this specific cue-rich communicationtechnology. The paper describes the subjective perceptions of the technology-mediated socialexperience such as the experience of social atmosphere in the community, of onlinefriendship, of the meaning of the online social interaction in the users' offline lives. The paperalso discusses the importance of these subjective experiences for motivation to regularly useTraveler. Conclusions drawn from the study suggest that it is crucial for users to have theability to handle the technical functions of the program in order to function socially in theenvironment such as using the functions of the graphical program and using the voice channelin a social significant way. As a result, in order to have a positive and meaningful socialexperience in online it is critical for users to adapt to technical as well as to social factors.This process of adaptation is very important since the way functions are used was interpretedas social signals by users suggesting that social and technical aspects are intertwined in socialpractice. The paper describes this process of adaptation and the positive social effects of asuccessful adaptation.
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- Coates, Allan L., et al.
(författare)
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ERS technical standard on bronchial challenge testing : General considerations and performance of methacholine challenge tests
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 49:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This international task force report updates general considerations for bronchial challenge testing and the performance of the methacholine challenge test. There are notable changes from prior recommendations in order to accommodate newer delivery devices. Rather than basing the test result upon a methacholine concentration (provocative concentration (PC20) causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)), the new recommendations base the result upon the delivered dose of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (provocative dose (PD20)). This end-point allows comparable results from different devices or protocols, thus any suitable nebuliser or dosimeter may be used, so long as the delivery characteristics are known. Inhalation may be by tidal breathing using a breath-actuated or continuous nebuliser for 1 min (or more), or by a dosimeter with a suitable breath count. Tests requiring maximal inhalations to total lung capacity are not recommended because the bronchoprotective effect of a deep breath reduces the sensitivity of the test.
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- Planck, Tereza, et al.
(författare)
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Liothyronine Use in Hypothyroidism and its Effects on Cancer and Mortality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Thyroid. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1050-7256 .- 1557-9077. ; 31:5, s. 732-739
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The prescription of liothyronine (LT3) to treat hypothyroidism is increasing worldwide; however, the long-term safety of LT3 use has yet to be determined. Previous studies have suggested a possible association between LT3 use and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of LT3 use on cancer incidence and mortality. Methods: Our sample included the full adult population of individuals living in Sweden with at least three purchases of thyroid hormone therapy between July 2005 and December 2017. Individual-level data on drug purchases were linked to registry data on cancer incidence and mortality. There were 575,461 individuals with at least three purchases, of which 11,147 had made at least three purchases of LT3, including combinations of levothyroxine (LT4) and LT3. Individuals were followed for a median follow-up time of 8.1 years. We applied Cox regression with a time-varying exposure variable, comparing LT3 users (individuals with at least three cumulative purchases of LT3) with LT4-only users (the rest). Outcomes included breast cancer incidence, any cancer incidence, all-cause mortality, any cancer mortality, and breast cancer mortality. We adjusted for age, sex, previous thyroid cancer, previous other cancer, use of antithyroid preparations, use of sex hormones, and dose in multivariate analyses. Results: Multivariate analyses produced a hazard ratio of 0.93 (95% confidence interval [0.75-1.15]) for breast cancer incidence (only females), 0.97 (0.87-1.08) for any cancer incidence, 0.69 (0.61-0.77) for all-cause mortality, 0.78 (0.62-0.98) for any cancer mortality, and 0.91 (0.50-1.66) for breast cancer mortality (only females). Conclusions: In this large, Swedish, long-term registry-based study, the use of LT3 did not lead to increased breast cancer incidence, any cancer incidence, all-cause mortality, any cancer mortality, or breast cancer mortality compared with LT4 use. Somewhat surprisingly, there was evidence of lower mortality in LT3 users in models adjusting for dose, potentially an artifact of underlying associations between dose and health status/diagnosis.
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