| 1. |
- Dittrich, Yvonne
(författare)
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Computeranwendungen und sprachlicher Kontext. Zu den Wechselwirkungen zwischen normaler und formaler Sprache bei Einsatz und Entwicklung von Software
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Menschliche Sprache wird in der traditionellen Softwaretechnik als Problem betrachtet. Sie gilt als ungenuegend zur Spezifikation und Entwicklung von Computeranwendungen. Die Flexibilität und Offenheit normaler Sprache ermöglicht es auf der anderen Seite, ueber immer neue Bereiche auf verschiedenste Art zu kommunizieren und zu reflektieren. Wie kann diese kreative Seite menschlicher Sprache bei Entwicklung und Gestaltung von Software beruecksichtigt werden? Anhand des Begriffs der symbolischen Maschine von Sybille Krämer und der Sprachtheorien Humboldts und Wittgensteins werden die im Kontext der Argumentation wichtigen Eigenschaften formaler und normaler Sprache herausgearbeitet. Ansätze zur Gestaltung von Computeranwendungen, die ihre Einbettung in nrmale Sprache beruecksichtigen, und zur Einbeziehung von normlaer Sprache bei der Softwareentwicklung werden aufgezeigt.
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| 2. |
- Dittrich, Yvonne
(författare)
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Developing a Language for Participation. Project Language as a Meeting Place for Users and Developers in Participatory Software Development
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During participatory development different professional groups with different professional languages meet. They have to communicate about the future software in a profound way. To enable that, a common way to talk about the future software has to be developed, relating concepts of the use context and concepts of software development. An example of the development of such a project language is given and the relevance of this for design is argued for. To support the development of a project language a toolkit is provided in which methods are compiled that respects the creative side of ordinary language.
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| 3. |
- Dittrich, Yvonne
(författare)
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How to make Sense of Software. Interpretability as an Issue for Design.
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the context of CSCW ? especially through ethnomethodological work place studies - the stability of particular work practices and therefore the ability to design software that fits with continually evolving work practices is questioned. This challenge for software development has been called 'design for unanticipated use'. Using the concept of interpretability, I attempt to answer this challenge. A semiotic perspective on computer applications as formal symbol manipulation systems is introduced. A case study involving three alternative ways of using a computer application shows how users make sense of such symbolic machines. Wittgenstein's concept of language games is used as a 'figure of thought' to relate practice, language, and the use of symbolic machines. The development of an interpretation, fitting the implemented symbol manipulation and supporting the specific understanding of the task, remains crucial for competent use. Interpretability is introduced as a quality of computer applications. In order how to support the user in developing her own interpretation, a concept for help systems is described.
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| 4. |
- Dittrich, Yvonne
(författare)
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Shopping Web-shopping Web-shop Web-selling Selling Teaching Software Development together with Work Practice Studies
- 1999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article I want to share the experiences of developing an interdisciplinary course which brings together design oriented work practice studies and software development. The development and the teaching of this course took place as part of the study program 'People, Computers, and Work' bringing together human work science and computer science. To relate work practice studies and software development in a fruitful way, we had to change not only the organization of the projects and the layout of the course. It required also relating paradigms and methods on both sides. The teachers had to learn about each other's disciplines, too. An example of one of the projects - a web-shop for stationary - illustrates the way the students worked. Us teachers learned also a lot: Both ethnographic methods to study the workplace and software development methods change if really brought together. The variety of ways of relating work practice studies to software development surprised us. We explored common themes relevant for the interdisciplinary practice. And we learned a lot about how to teach this kind of projects.
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| 5. |
- Dittrich, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Talking Design : Co-Construction and Use of Representations in Software Development
- 1999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software development differs from other design work insofar as the object to be designed is not visible. Representations play an important role. Even as they only describe aspects of the later software, they mediate the common design work. Software engineering literature focuses on persistent representations, documents, diagrams, mock-ups, or similar things. Our article puts 'talking design', where the software is represented in utterances, sounds, and enactment, in the centre. With the help of concepts from the CSCW discourse, we conceptualise what is happening here; the collaborative object for the design talk is not given, it has to be collectively constructed. Software development can be regarded as routine co-construction. In our case the protocol of that design meeting seemed to serve as a reminder for the participants rather than as in itself representing the design decided upon. The design meeting, we focus in this article, was part of a distributed software development project, with a larger project situated in Ronneby, Sweden and a smaller one in Oulu, Finland. If important parts of design are collectively constructed during such meetings, what does that imply for co-operation, co-ordination and division of labour in software development projects? How can a common practice be developed among distributed work groups?
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Conny, et al.
(författare)
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Software Engineering Across Boundaries : Student Project in Distributed Collaboration
- 1999
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication. - : IEEE. - 0361-1434 .- 1558-1500. ; 42:4, s. 286-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Geographically distributed software development projects have been made possible by rapid developments primarily within the data communication area. A number of companies recognize that distributed sollaboration has great potential for the near future. This report describes the empirical study of a cooperative student project located at two different geographical sites. The project was carried out at two universities, one in Sweden and one in finland. The initial goals were to give the students the opportunity to learn about the practical aspects of cooperation between two geographically seperate institutions and to study specific problems anticipated by the teachers with regard to communication, coordination, language, culture, requirements' handling, testing, and bug fixing. This report focuses on communication and coordination within the cooperative project as these were identified as the most significant problem areas. We also thought that these areas were the most interesting and the ones most likely to lead to improvements. This report not only describes our findings but also gives hints about what to think about when running similar projects both with respect to project related issues and teaching issues.
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