| 1. |
- Thompson, Deborah J, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic predisposition to mosaic Y chromosome loss in blood
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 575, s. 652-657
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (LOY) in circulating white blood cells is the most common form of clonal mosaicism1-5, yet our knowledge of the causes and consequences of this is limited. Here, using a computational approach, we estimate that 20% of the male population represented in the UK Biobank study (n = 205,011) has detectable LOY. We identify 156 autosomal genetic determinants of LOY, which we replicate in 757,114 men of European and Japanese ancestry. These loci highlight genes that are involved in cell-cycle regulation and cancer susceptibility, as well as somatic drivers of tumour growth and targets of cancer therapy. We demonstrate that genetic susceptibility to LOY is associated with non-haematological effects on health in both men and women, which supports the hypothesis that clonal haematopoiesis is a biomarker of genomic instability in other tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies dysregulated expression of autosomal genes in leukocytes with LOY and provides insights into why clonal expansion of these cells may occur. Collectively, these data highlight the value of studying clonal mosaicism to uncover fundamental mechanisms that underlie cancer and other ageing-related diseases.
|
|
| 2. |
- Chase, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Profound parental bias associated with chromosome 14 acquired uniparental disomy indicates targeting of an imprinted locus
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 29:10, s. 2069-2074
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD) is a common finding in myeloid malignancies and typically acts to convert a somatically acquired heterozygous mutation to homozygosity. We sought to identify the target of chromosome 14 aUPD (aUPD14), a recurrent abnormality in myeloid neoplasms and population cohorts of elderly individuals. We identified 29 cases with aUPD14q that defined a minimal affected region (MAR) of 11.2 Mb running from 14q32.12 to the telomere. Exome sequencing (n = 7) did not identify recurrently mutated genes, but methylation-specific PCR at the imprinted MEG3-DLK1 locus located within the MAR demonstrated loss of maternal chromosome 14 and gain of paternal chromosome 14 (P < 0.0001), with the degree of methylation imbalance correlating with the level of aUPD (r = 0.76; P = 0.0001). The absence of driver gene mutations in the exomes of three individuals with aUPD14q but no known haematological disorder suggests that aUPD14q may be sufficient to drive clonal haemopoiesis. Analysis of cases with both aUPD14q and JAK2 V617F (n = 11) indicated that aUPD14q may be an early event in some cases but a late event in others. We conclude that aUPD14q is a recurrent abnormality that targets an imprinted locus and may promote clonal haemopoiesis either as an initiating event or as a secondary change.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chase, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
-
PRR14L mutations are associated with chromosome 22 acquired uniparental disomy, age-related clonal hematopoiesis and myeloid neoplasia
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 33:5, s. 1184-1194
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD, also known as copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity) is a common feature of cancer cells and characterized by extended tracts of somatically-acquired homozygosity without any concurrent loss or gain of genetic material. The presumed genetic targets of many regions of aUPD remain unknown. Here we describe the association of chromosome 22 aUPD with mutations that delete the C-terminus of PRR14L in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), related myeloid neoplasms and age-related clonal hematopoiesis (ARCH). Myeloid panel analysis identified a median of three additional mutated genes (range 1-6) in cases with a myeloid neoplasm (n = 8), but no additional mutations in cases with ARCH (n = 2) suggesting that mutated PRR14L alone may be sufficient to drive clonality. PRR14L has very limited homology to other proteins and its function is unknown. ShRNA knockdown of PRR14L in human CD34+ cells followed by in vitro growth and differentiation assays showed an increase in monocytes and decrease in neutrophils, consistent with a CMML-like phenotype. RNA-Seq and cellular localization studies suggest a role for PRR14L in cell division. PRR14L is thus a novel, biallelically mutated gene and potential founding abnormality in myeloid neoplasms.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ronowicz, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Concurrent DNA Copy-Number Alterations and Mutations in Genes Related to Maintenance of Genome Stability in Uninvolved Mammary Glandular Tissue from Breast Cancer Patients
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 36:11, s. 1088-1099
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Somatic mosaicism for DNA copy-number alterations (SMC-CNAs) is defined as gain or loss of chromosomal segments in somatic cells within a single organism. As cells harboring SMC-CNAs can undergo clonal expansion, it has been proposed that SMC-CNAs may contribute to the predisposition of these cells to genetic disease including cancer. Herein, the gross genomic alterations (>500 kbp) were characterized in uninvolved mammary glandular tissue from 59 breast cancer patients and matched samples of primary tumors and lymph node metastases. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization showed 10% (6/59) of patients harbored one to 359 large SMC-CNAs (mean: 1,328 kbp; median: 961 kbp) in a substantial portion of glandular tissue cells, distal from the primary tumor site. SMC-CNAs were partially recurrent in tumors, albeit with considerable contribution of stochastic SMC-CNAs indicating genomic destabilization. Targeted resequencing of 301 known predisposition and somatic driver loci revealed mutations and rare variants in genes related to maintenance of genomic integrity: BRCA1 (p.Gln1756Profs*74, p.Arg504Cys), BRCA2 (p.Asn3124Ile), NCOR1 (p.Pro1570Glnfs*45), PALB2 (p.Ser500Pro), and TP53 (p.Arg306*). Co-occurrence of gross SMC-CNAs along with point mutations or rare variants in genes responsible for safeguarding genomic integrity highlights the temporal and spatial neoplastic potential of uninvolved glandular tissue in breast cancer patients.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
