| 1. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Person-Centeredness in Long-Term Care An Exploratory Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Gerontological Nursing. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0098-9134 .- 1938-243X. ; 40:4, s. 46-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored how nursing staff promote person-centeredness in long-term care settings. The study used an anthropological free-listing approach to data collection and qualitative content analysis to analyze written self-report descriptions from a convenience sample of Swedish long-term care staff (N = 436). The analyses resulted in four themes that illuminate how nursing staff promote person-centeredness: Promoting Decision Making, Promoting a Meaningful Living, Promoting a Pleasurable Living, and Promoting Personhood. The study contributes to the literature by providing concrete descriptions of how person-centeredness was facilitated by staff in their everyday practice and contributes to move person-centeredness from the philosophical, policy, and conceptual domains toward clinical implementation. The study also suggests that promoting pleasure for residents is a dimension central to person-centeredness and to health-promoting gerontological nursing, and that "small talk" is an emerging nursing phenomenon that deserves more research attention.
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| 3. |
- Bergland, Adel, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Norwegian Person-centred Climate Questionnaire from a nursing home context
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 26:4, s. 820-828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The physical and psychosocial environments in nursing homes influence the residents everyday life as well as their well-being and thriving. The staffs perceptions of and relationships with the residents are crucially important to quality care. Quality care is described often as person-centred. Few measurement tools exist that focus on person-centred care in nursing homes.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Person-centred Climate QuestionnaireStaff version (PCQ-S).Design: This study had a cross-sectional survey design.Participants and Settings: Two hundred and nine healthcare and support staff in five nursing homes in the eastern part of Norway.Methods: The Swedish PCQ-S was translated into Norwegian with forward and backward translation. The relevance of the items included in the questionnaire was assessed by an expert panel of 10 nursing home care staff, because the questionnaire has not been used in this context previously. A psychometric evaluation using statistical estimates of validity and reliability was performed. The discriminatory capacity of the questionnaire was also tested.Results: The content validity index was satisfactory (0.78). The PCQ-S showed high internal consistency reliability in that Cronbachs a was satisfactory for the total scale (0.92) and the three subscales (0.81, 0.89 and 0.87). The testretest reliability was also satisfactory as evident from a Spearmans correlation coefficient of 0.76 (p < 0.01) between the total PCQ scores at test and retest. The Norwegian version retained the original factor structure of the Swedish version.Conclusion: As the psychometric evaluation showed satisfactory validity and reliability scores, this study supports the Norwegian version of the PCQ-S when applied to a sample of nursing home staff.
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| 4. |
- Bergland, Adel, et al.
(författare)
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Thriving in long-term care facilities : instrument development, correspondence between proxy and residents' self-ratings and internal consistency in the Norwegian version
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 70:7, s. 1672-1681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. To develop an instrument for measuring thriving among residents in long-term care facilities, to assess the correspondence between proxy ratings and self-report and the internal consistency of the Norwegian version. Background. The instrument was developed from the life-world concept of thriving and thereby has a different theoretical basis than existing 'dementia related' quality-of-life instruments. Thriving relates the experience of older persons to the place where they live. Proxy instruments need to be developed for residents in long-term care facilities who are not able to report their subjective experiences. Design. Instrument development using cross-sectional survey design. Methods. The instrument was developed in three versions (resident, family and staff) from a theory on thriving. Forty-eight triads consisting of a resident, family member and primary nurse from 12 Norwegian nursing homes participated. Data collection took place between March-December 2011. Inter-rater agreement between the groups was assessed by Cohen's kappa coefficient (weighted). Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. Homogeneity was explored through item-total correlations. Results. Agreement between residents, family members and staff was poor or fair (<0.41) in six of 38 items. These items were excluded. The 32-items instrument had satisfactory Cronbach's alpha values in each of the three samples and satisfactory homogeneity as item-total correlations was substantial without being excessive and thus indicated that items were measuring the same construct. Conclusion. The instrument appears to have internal consistency and enable reliable proxy measures of the thriving construct. Further psychometric assessment including checking for possible item redundancy is needed.
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| 5. |
- de Jong, Roelof S., et al.
(författare)
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4MOST-4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 9147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 4MOST is a wide-field, high-multiplex spectroscopic survey facility under development for the VISTA telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Its main science drivers are in the fields of galactic archeology, high-energy physics, galaxy evolution and cosmology. 4MOST will in particular provide the spectroscopic complements to the large area surveys coming from space missions like Gaia, eROSITA, Euclid, and PLATO and from ground-based facilities like VISTA, VST, DES, LSST and SKA. The 4MOST baseline concept features a 2.5 degree diameter field-of-view with similar to 2400 fibres in the focal surface that are configured by a fibre positioner based on the tilting spine principle. The fibres feed two types of spectrographs; similar to 1600 fibres go to two spectrographs with resolution R> 5000 (lambda similar to 390-930 nm) and similar to 800 fibres to a spectrograph with R> 18,000 (lambda similar to 392-437 nm & 515-572 nm & 605-675 nm). Both types of spectrographs are fixed-configuration, three-channel spectrographs. 4MOST will have an unique operations concept in which 5 year public surveys from both the consortium and the ESO community will be combined and observed in parallel during each exposure, resulting in more than 25 million spectra of targets spread over a large fraction of the southern sky. The 4MOST Facility Simulator (4FS) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of this observing concept. 4MOST has been accepted for implementation by ESO with operations expected to start by the end of 2020. This paper provides a top-level overview of the 4MOST facility, while other papers in these proceedings provide more detailed descriptions of the instrument concept[1], the instrument requirements development[2], the systems engineering implementation[3], the instrument model[4], the fibre positioner concepts[5], the fibre feed[6], and the spectrographs[7].
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| 8. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Development and initial testing of the Person-centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT).
- 2010
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 22:1, s. 101-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Person-centered care is increasingly regarded as being synonymous with best quality care. However, the concept and its precise meaning is a subject of debate and reliable and valid measurement tools are lacking. METHOD: This article describes the development and initial testing of a new self-report assessment scale, the Person-centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT), which measures the extent to which long-term aged care staff rate their settings to be person-centered. A preliminary 39-item tool generated from research literature, expert consultations and research interviews with aged care staff (n = 37), people with early onset dementia (n = 11), and family members (n = 19) was distributed to a sample of Australian aged care staff (n = 220) and subjected to item analysis and reduction. RESULTS: Psychometric evaluation of the final 13-item tool was conducted using statistical estimates of validity and reliability. The results showed that the P-CAT was shown to be valid and homogeneous by factor, item and content analyses. Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the total scale (0.84), and the three subscales had values of 0.81, 0.77, and 0.31 respectively. Test-retest reliability were evaluated (n = 26) and all analyses indicated satisfactory estimates. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary evidence in support of the psychometric properties of the P-CAT when used in an Australian sample of long-term aged care staff. The tool contributes to the literature by making it possible to study person-centered care in relation to health outcomes, organizational models, characteristics and levels of staffing, degrees of care needs among residents, and impact of interventions.
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| 9. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday activities for people with dementia in residential aged care : associations with person-centredness and quality of life.
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of older people nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1748-3743 .- 1748-3735. ; 9, s. 269-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Providing everyday activities is central to high quality residential aged care, but further research is needed on the association between activity participation, person-centred care and quality of life. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the point-prevalence of participation in everyday activities for residents with dementia within a national sample of Swedish residential aged care units and to explore if residents participating in everyday activities lived in more person-centred units and/or had higher quality of life as compared to residents not participating in everyday activities. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to collect valid and reliable questionnaire data on activity participation, unit person-centredness and quality of life in a sample of residents in residential aged care (n = 1266). RESULTS: Only 18% of residents participated in everyday activities such as making coffee, setting or clearing the table, cleaning or watering plants, 62% participated in outdoor walks, 27% participated in parlour games, and 14% and 13% participated in excursions and church visits, respectively. Those residents who had participated in everyday activities lived in more person-centred units, had significantly higher quality of life and higher cognitive scores as compared to those residents who had not participated in everyday activities. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the prevalence of resident participation in everyday activities was low, resident participation was significantly associated with unit person-centredness and resident quality of life. It seems that everyday activities that are routine and commonplace to residential aged care can be potent nursing interventions for promoting resident quality of life. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The study indicates that residents can benefit from participation in everyday activities that are commonly occurring in aged care practice. It seems that such everyday tasks and procedures can provide fruitful ways to make person-centred care happen in clinical practice, and ways to increasingly involve residents with cognitive impairment need to be further developed.
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| 10. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Forecasting the ward climate : a study from a dementia care unit
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 21:7-8, s. 1136-1144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives. This article present findings from a study aiming to explore the psychosocial climate and its influence on the well-being of people with dementia in a psycho-geriatric hospital unit. Background. Environmental influence in dementia is well explored in relation to the physical environment; however, few studies have explored the psychosocial environment and its influence on well-being. Design. The study had a grounded theory design. Methods. Participant observations were conducted in a psycho-geriatric ward for assessment and treatment of people with dementia in Sweden (n = 36 hours). Data were collected and analysed in a dialectical fashion using the principles of grounded theory methodology. Results. The basic social process that best accounted for the variation in the psychosocial climate and well-being of patients at the unit was 'staff presence or absence', conceptualised as the core category. Three categories emerged in relation to the core category; 'sharing place and moment', 'sharing place but not moment' and 'sharing neither place nor moment'. Conclusions. Staff were catalysts for the psychosocial climate and when being present and engaged they could create a climate interpreted as at-homeness which supported patient well-being. When being absent, the climate quickly became anxious and this facilitated patient ill-being. To provide quality care for people with dementia staff need to be aware of their role in setting the emotional tone of the psychosocial climate and also that this emotional tone significantly influences patient well-being. Relevance to clinical practice. The findings are clinically relevant and can be operationalised and applied in clinical practice. Awareness of the intimate connection between staff presence and absence, the psychosocial climate and patient well-being highlights an ethical responsibility to question: routines that promote staff absence; a culture of merely 'doing for'; and nursing tasks which involve a minimum of staff-patient interaction. The findings have implications for managers as well as for clinical staff.
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