| 1. |
- Aaron, F. D., et al.
(författare)
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Search for lepton flavour violation at HERA
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 701:1, s. 20-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for second and third generation scalar and vector leptoquarks produced in ep collisions via the lepton flavour violating processes ep -> mu X and ep -> tau X is performed by the H1 experiment at HERA. The full data sample taken at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 319 GeV is used for the analysis, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 245 pb(-1) of e(+)p and 166 pb(-1) of e(-)p collision data. No evidence for the production of such leptoquarks is observed in the H1 data. Leptoquarks produced in e(+/-)p collisions with a coupling strength of lambda = 0.3 and decaying with the same coupling strength to a muon-quark pair or a tau-quark pair are excluded at 95% confidence level up to leptoquark masses of 712 GeV and 479 GeV, respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Kyrpides, Nikos C, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic encyclopedia of bacteria and archaea: sequencing a myriad of type strains.
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1545-7885. ; 12:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbes hold the key to life. They hold the secrets to our past (as the descendants of the earliest forms of life) and the prospects for our future (as we mine their genes for solutions to some of the planet's most pressing problems, from global warming to antibiotic resistance). However, the piecemeal approach that has defined efforts to study microbial genetic diversity for over 20 years and in over 30,000 genome projects risks squandering that promise. These efforts have covered less than 20% of the diversity of the cultured archaeal and bacterial species, which represent just 15% of the overall known prokaryotic diversity. Here we call for the funding of a systematic effort to produce a comprehensive genomic catalog of all cultured Bacteria and Archaea by sequencing, where available, the type strain of each species with a validly published name (currently∼11,000). This effort will provide an unprecedented level of coverage of our planet's genetic diversity, allow for the large-scale discovery of novel genes and functions, and lead to an improved understanding of microbial evolution and function in the environment.
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| 3. |
- Rands, Chris M., et al.
(författare)
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Insights into the evolution of Darwin's finches from comparative analysis of the Geospiza magnirostris genome sequence
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 14, s. 95-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A classical example of repeated speciation coupled with ecological diversification is the evolution of 14 closely related species of Darwin's (Galapagos) finches (Thraupidae, Passeriformes). Their adaptive radiation in the Galapagos archipelago took place in the last 2-3 million years and some of the molecular mechanisms that led to their diversification are now being elucidated. Here we report evolutionary analyses of genome of the large ground finch, Geospiza magnirostris. Results: 13,291 protein-coding genes were predicted from a 991.0 Mb G. magnirostris genome assembly. We then defined gene orthology relationships and constructed whole genome alignments between the G. magnirostris and other vertebrate genomes. We estimate that 15% of genomic sequence is functionally constrained between G. magnirostris and zebra finch. Genic evolutionary rate comparisons indicate that similar selective pressures acted along the G. magnirostris and zebra finch lineages suggesting that historical effective population size values have been similar in both lineages. 21 otherwise highly conserved genes were identified that each show evidence for positive selection on amino acid changes in the Darwin's finch lineage. Two of these genes (Igf2r and Pou1f1) have been implicated in beak morphology changes in Darwin's finches. Five of 47 genes showing evidence of positive selection in early passerine evolution have cilia related functions, and may be examples of adaptively evolving reproductive proteins. Conclusions: These results provide insights into past evolutionary processes that have shaped G. magnirostris genes and its genome, and provide the necessary foundation upon which to build population genomics resources that will shed light on more contemporaneous adaptive and non-adaptive processes that have contributed to the evolution of the Darwin's finches.
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| 4. |
- Lalani, Tahaniyat, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the impact of early surgery on in-hospital mortality of native valve endocarditis: use of propensity score and instrumental variable methods to adjust for treatment-selection bias.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Circulation. - 1524-4539. ; 121:8, s. 1005-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The impact of early surgery on mortality in patients with native valve endocarditis (NVE) is unresolved. This study sought to evaluate valve surgery compared with medical therapy for NVE and to identify characteristics of patients who are most likely to benefit from early surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using a prospective, multinational cohort of patients with definite NVE, the effect of early surgery on in-hospital mortality was assessed by propensity-based matching adjustment for survivor bias and by instrumental variable analysis. Patients were stratified by propensity quintile, paravalvular complications, valve perforation, systemic embolization, stroke, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and congestive heart failure. Of the 1552 patients with NVE, 720 (46%) underwent early surgery and 832 (54%) were treated with medical therapy. Compared with medical therapy, early surgery was associated with a significant reduction in mortality in the overall cohort (12.1% [87/720] versus 20.7% [172/832]) and after propensity-based matching and adjustment for survivor bias (absolute risk reduction [ARR] -5.9%, P<0.001). With a combined instrument, the instrumental-variable-adjusted ARR in mortality associated with early surgery was -11.2% (P<0.001). In subgroup analysis, surgery was found to confer a survival benefit compared with medical therapy among patients with a higher propensity for surgery (ARR -10.9% for quintiles 4 and 5, P=0.002) and those with paravalvular complications (ARR -17.3%, P<0.001), systemic embolization (ARR -12.9%, P=0.002), S aureus NVE (ARR -20.1%, P<0.001), and stroke (ARR -13%, P=0.02) but not those with valve perforation or congestive heart failure. CONCLUSIONS: Early surgery for NVE is associated with an in-hospital mortality benefit compared with medical therapy alone.
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