| 1. |
- Ek, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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A study of the proactive occupational safety and health work in a Swedish construction company - the example of vibration exposure
- 2014
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. - 9789176230053 ; , s. 360-370
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to vibrations from tools and machines used in construction work can induce damages to the human body. One of the most frequent symptoms is the hand-arm vibration syndrome commonly known as white fingers. The proportions of the international workforce exposed to vibrations are high and dominating sectors are construction, agriculture, forestry, and transport. Particularly exposed construction occupational groups include machine operators and drivers of vehicles. In 2005, the Swedish Work Environment Authority introduced a new guideline on the topic of preventing vibration exposure risks (AFS 2005:15) based on the European union 2002/44/EC directive on workers’ exposure to vibration. It includes raised demands on estimating vibration exposure, and clearly stated responsibilities and rights of employers and employees. However, in 2011 the Swedish Work Environment Authority’s inspections showed that many employers belonging to sectors such as building and construction, transport, and mining industry did not have any satisfactory proactive risk management work concerning vibration exposure. This paper reports on a pilot study performed in a large Swedish construction company with the aim to yield more knowledge about factors affecting the implementation of the guidelines and to suggest actions for improvement. A total of 31 construction workers and supervisors were interviewed at nine construction sites in southern Sweden. Interview results demonstrated a lack of knowledge in estimating vibration exposure; the incorporation of the Work Environment Authority’s directions had not been accomplished; driving forces for improving the proactive health and safety work and specifically vibration exposure management was weak on all organisational levels; important factors affecting the implementation of vibration exposure regulations are the psychosocial work environment at construction sites as well as company safety culture; a large proportion of the interviewed construction workers was judged to be at risk for developing vibration injuries if the exposure was not decreased; management, supervisory, and production levels need increased knowledge about vibration exposure and vibration injuries; and methods and tools for easy estimation of vibration exposure needs to be developed.
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| 2. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and effective learning for safety from incidents
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 3216-3222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning from incidents is important for improving safety. Many companies spend a great deal of time and money on such learning procedures. The objectives of this paper are to present some early results from a project aimed at revealing weaknesses in the procedures for learning from incidents and to discuss improvements in these procedures, especially in chemical process industries. The empirical base comes from a project assessing organizational learning and the effectiveness of the different steps of the learning cycle for safety and studying relations between safety-specific transformational leadership, safety climate, trust, safety-related behavior and learning from incidents. The results point at common weaknesses in the organizational learning, both in the horizontal learning (geographical spread) and in vertical learning (double-loop learning). Furthermore, the effectiveness in the different steps of the learning cycle is low due to insufficient information in incident reports, very shallow analyses of reports, decisions that focus at solving the problem only at the place where the incident took place, late implementations and weak solutions. Strong correlations with learning from incidents were found for all safety climate variables as well as for safety-related behaviors and trust. The relationships were very strong for trust, safety knowledge, safety participation and safety compliance.
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| 3. |
- Amundsen, Silja Svanström, et al.
(författare)
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Four novel coeliac disease regions replicated in an association study of a Swedish-Norwegian family cohort.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Genes and immunity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5470 .- 1466-4879. ; 11:1, s. 79-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent genome-wide association studies have identified 1q31 (RGS1), 2q11-12 (IL18RAP), 3p21 (CCR1/CCR3/CCR2), 3q25-26 (IL12A/SCHIP1), 3q28 (LPP), 4q27 (IL2/IL21), 6q25 (TAGAP) and 12q24 (SH2B3) as susceptibility regions for coeliac disease (CD). We have earlier replicated association with the IL2/IL21 region. This study aimed at replicating the remaining regions in a family cohort using the transmission disequilibrium test, which is not prone to population stratification as a source of false-positive results. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within these regions were genotyped in 325 Swedish-Norwegian CD families. We found significant associations with the same alleles in the regions 1q31 (rs2816316; P(nc)=0.0060), 3p21 (rs6441961; P(nc)=0.0006), 3q25-26 (rs17810564; P(nc)=0.0316 and rs9811792; P(nc)=0.0434) and 3q28 (rs1464510; P(nc)=0.0037). Borderline, but non-significant, associations were found for rs917997 (IL18RAP), whereas no evidence for association could be obtained for rs13015714 (IL18RAP) or rs1738074 (TAGAP). The lack of replication of the latter SNPs could be because of limited power. rs3184504 (SH2B3) was not analysed because of assay failure. The most significantly associated region, 3p21 (CCR1/CCR3/CCR2), was further analysed by typing of 30 SNPs, with the aim of identifying the causal variant responsible for the initial association. Several SNPs showed association with CD, but none displayed associations stronger than rs6441961, nor did any of them add to the effect initially marked by rs6441961 in a conditional analysis. However, differential effects of rs6441961(*)C carrying haplotypes were indicated, and we thus cannot exclude the possibility that our inability to obtain evidence for multiple independent effects in the CCR1/CCR3/CCR2 gene region was related to a power issue.
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| 4. |
- Asker-Árnason, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Spoken and written narratives in Swedish children and adolescents with hearing impairment
- 2012
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Ingår i: Communication Disorders Quarterly. - : Sage Publications. - 1538-4837 .- 1525-7401. ; 33:3, s. 131-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty 10- to 18-year-old children and adolescents with varying degrees of hearing impairment (HI) and hearing aids (HA), ranging from mild-moderate to severe, produced picture-elicited narratives in a spoken and written version. Their performance was compared to that of 63 normally hearing (NH) peers within the same age span. The participants with HI and NH showed similar patterns regarding intragroup correlations between corresponding measures of spoken and written narratives. However, the participants with HI had significantly less diverse language than the NH group. The participants with poorer hearing (higher best ear hearing level [BEHL]) produced spoken and written narratives comprising more content words and they also produced written narratives that were less lexically diverse than the participants with better hearing (lower BEHL). The difference as to lexical skills emphasizes the importance of focusing on these skills in the group of children with HI. However, the results give support for a quite optimistic view on the development of narration in children with HI with HA, at least for picture-elicited narratives.
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| 5. |
- Bal, Anjali S., et al.
(författare)
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You know you've got to, express yourself : A comparative study of self-expression through brand, women in six Asian nations
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Sustainable Global Marketplace. - : The Academy of Marketing Science. - 0939783363 ; , s. 165-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Consumers express themselves in a multitude of ways; one expression mechanism is brand consumption. Self-expression can be an important driver of consumer preference and choice. Despite the importance of self-expression, additional research is needed as to how brands are used as a means of self-expression. Previous studies indicate that the importance of brands for self-expression can differ across cultures. This study explores how female consumers in six Asian nations differ in the extent to which they express themselves through the use of their favorite brands.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson Ryberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Wind Power on Human Interests : A Synthesis
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PrefaceThere is a great need for knowledge concerning the impacts of wind power on humans, landscapes, the marine environment, birds, bats and other mammals.Previous studies of these environmental impacts have lacked an overall view of the effects. This has led to deficiencies in the processes surrounding the establishment of new wind farms. Vindval is a knowledge programme undertaken as a collaboration between the Swedish Energy Agency and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Its aim is to gather and communicate scientific knowledge about the impacts of wind power on people and the natural environment. The programme continues until 2013.Vindval comprises some 30 individual research projects, together with four synthesis projects. Syntheses are prepared by experts, who compile and assess overall research results and experience regarding the effects of wind power in four different areas – humans, birds/bats, marine life and terrestrial mammals.The results of this research and synthesis work will provide a basis for environmental impact assessments and for the planning and permitting processes associated with wind power installations. Vindval requires high standards in the review and approval of research proposals, in order to ensure high-quality reports. The same high standards apply to the reporting, approval and publication of research results from the projects.This report was written by Johanna Bengtsson Ryberg, Gösta Bluhm, Karl Bolin, Bosse Bodén, Kristina Ek, Karin Hammarlund, Marianne Henningsson, Inga-Lena Hannukka, Carina Johansson, Sofia Jönsson, Sanna Mels, Tom Mels, Mats Nilsson, Erik Skärbäck, Patrik Söderholm, Åsa Waldo, Ingegärd Widerström, Niklas Åkerman.This report is a translation of the previous report in Swedish “Vindkraftens påverkan på människors intressen” (Naturvårdsverket report no 6497). Translated by Sofia Jönsson.The contents of the report are the responsibility of the authors.
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| 7. |
- Blomé, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Communicating and learning maritime safety culture - development and evaluation of a didactic design based on an interactive module
- 2013
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Ingår i: WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1654-1642 .- 1651-436X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to disseminate knowledge about maritime safety culture and safety management to different actors in the Swedish maritime sector, a didactic design was developed and evaluated. The didactic design includes an interactive scenario-based module and a teacher’s guide and is based on a model for experience-based learning that connects theory and practice by a cyclic approach. Students at upper-secondary maritime schools were chosen as a user group and the didactic design was adapted for them. The didactic design was tested in a classroom setting including interaction with the students and a follow- up 1 week later. The didactic design was successful in immediately creating a relevant discussion about safety culture, and the student group could, on the whole, remember and describe all scenarios a week after the presentation of the material. The results were overall positive regarding usability and user experience with a potential for further development and implementations. The participating teacher at the school was also very positive and felt he would be able to apply the didactic design with support of the teacher’s guide.
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| 8. |
- Blomé, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding safety culture by visualization of scenarios - development and evaluation of an interactive prototype
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 3213-3215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to disseminate knowledge about maritime safety culture and safety management to different actors in the Swedish maritime sector, a preliminary pedagogical concept was developed and evaluated. As a first user group, students at upper secondary maritime schools were chosen and the pedagogical concept was adapted for this group. The concept includes an interactive prototype and a teacher's guide and is based on a model for experience-based learning which connects theory and practice by a cyclic approach. The concept was tested in a classroom setting including interaction with the students and a follow-up one week later. A preliminary evaluation of the results shows a very positive response among the students as well as the lecturers. The educational material was successful in immediately creating a relevant discussion about safety culture, and one week later, students could remember many of the safety scenarios included in the pedagogical concept.
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