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- Ek, Amanda, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical inactivity and smoking after myocardial infarction as predictors for readmission and survival : results from the SWEDEHEART-registry.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Research in Cardiology. - : Springer. - 1861-0684 .- 1861-0692. ; 108:3, s. 324-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and smoking cessation are included in the secondary prevention guidelines after myocardial infarction (MI), but they are still underutilised. This study aims to explore how PA level and smoking status (6-10 weeks post-MI) were associated with 1-year readmission and mortality during full follow-up time, and with the cumulative 5-year mortality.METHODS: A population-based cohort of all hospitals providing MI-care in Sweden (SWEDEHEART-registry) in 2004-2014. PA was expressed as the number of exercise sessions of ≥ 30 min in the last 7 days: 0-1 (low), 2-4 (medium) and 5-7 (high) sessions/week. Individuals were categorised as smokers, former smokers or never-smokers. The associations were analysed by unadjusted and adjusted logistic and Cox regressions.RESULTS: During follow-up (M = 3.58 years), a total of 1702 deaths occurred among 30 644 individuals (14.1 cases per 1000 person-years). For medium and high PA, the hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were 0.39 and 0.36, respectively, compared with low PA. For never-smokers, the HR was 0.45 and former smokers 0.56 compared with smokers. Compared with low PA, the odds ratios (ORs) for readmission in medium PA were 0.65 and 0.59 for CVD and non-CVD causes, respectively. For high PA, the corresponding ORs were 0.63 and 0.55. The association remained in adjusted models. There were no associations between smoking status and readmission.CONCLUSIONS: The PA level and smoking status are strong predictors of mortality post-MI and the PA level also predicts readmission, highlighting the importance of adherence to the secondary prevention guidelines.
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- Ekblom, Örjan, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Physical Activity Post-Myocardial Infarction Is Related to Reduced Mortality; Results From the SWEDEHEART Registry
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : American Heart Association. - 2047-9980 .- 2047-9980. ; 7:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWith increasing survival rates among patients with myocardial infarction (MI), more demands are placed on secondary prevention. While physical activity (PA) efforts to obtain a sufficient PA level are part of secondary preventive recommendations, it is still underutilized. Importantly, the effect of changes in PA after MI is largely unknown. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effect on survival from changes in PA level, post‐MI.Methods and ResultsData from Swedish national registries were combined, totaling 22 227 patients with MI. PA level was self‐reported at 6 to 10 weeks post‐MI and 10 to 12 months post‐MI. Patients were classified as constantly inactive, increased activity, reduced activity, and constantly active. Proportional hazard ratios were calculated. During 100 502 person‐years of follow‐up (mean follow‐up time 4.2 years), a total of 1087 deaths were recorded. Controlling for important confounders (including left ventricular function, type of MI, medication, smoking, participation in cardiac rehabilitation program, quality of life, and estimated kidney function), we found lower mortality rates among constantly active (hazard ratio: 0.29, 95% confidence interval: 0.21–0.41), those with increased activity (0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.31–0.55), and those with reduced activity (hazard ratio: 0.56, 95% confidence interval: 0.45–0.69) during the first year post‐MI, compared with those being constantly inactive. Stratified analyses indicated strong effect of PA level among both sexes, across age, MI type, kidney function, medication, and smoking status.ConclusionsThe present article shows that increasing the PA level, compared with staying inactive the first year post‐MI, was related to reduced mortality.
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- Eriksson, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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To feel emotional concern : A qualitative interview study to explore telephone nurses’ experiences of difficult calls
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 842-848
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe telenurses’ experiences of difficult calls.Design: A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the telenurses’ experiences.Methods: The data were collected in spring 2017 through semi-structured interviews with 19 telenurses at call centres and primary healthcare centres and were analysed with qualitative content analysis.Results: Becoming emotionally concerned is central to the telenurse’s experiences of difficult calls. Difficult calls are accompanied by feelings such as inadequacy, uncertainty and anxiety, which can be described as emotional tension. Emotional tension refers to situations when the caller’s expressed emotions were conveyed to the telenurses and altered their state of mind. The telenurses stated that difficult calls that cause them to become anxious remain in their thoughts and go through their minds repeatedly, making a deep impression.
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| 6. |
- Melin-Johansson, Christina, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Undergraduate nursing students' transformational learning during clinical training
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Palliative Nursing. - : Mark Allen Group. - 1357-6321 .- 2052-286X. ; 24:4, s. 184-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Undergraduate nursing students encounter patients at the end of life during their clinical training. They need to confront dying and death under supportive circumstances in order to be prepared for similar situations in their future career. Aim: To explore undergraduate nursing students' descriptions of caring situations with patients at the end of life during supervised clinical training. Methods: A qualitative study using the critical incident technique was chosen. A total of 85 students wrote a short text about their experiences of caring for patients at the end of life during their clinical training. These critical incident reports were then analysed using deductive and inductive content analysis. Findings: The theme 'students' transformational learning towards becoming a professional nurse during clinical training' summarises how students relate to patients and relatives, interpret the transition from life to death, feel when caring for a dead body and learn end-of-life caring actions from their supervisors. Implications: As a preparation for their future profession, students undergoing clinical training need to confront death and dying while supported by trained supervisors and must learn how to communicate about end-of-life issues and cope with emotional stress and grief.
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| 7. |
- Zhang, Xiaoli, et al.
(författare)
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γδT cells but not αβT cells contribute to sepsis-induced white matter injury and motor abnormalities in mice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroinflammation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1742-2094. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Infection and sepsis are associated with brain white matter injury in preterm infants and the subsequent development of cerebral palsy. Methods In the present study, we used a neonatal mouse sepsis-induced white matter injury model to determine the contribution of different T cell subsets (αβT cells and γδT cells) to white matter injury and consequent behavioral changes. C57BL/6J wild-type (WT), T cell receptor (TCR) δ-deficient (Tcrd −/−, lacking γδT cells), and TCRα-deficient (Tcra −/−, lacking αβT cells) mice were administered with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at postnatal day (PND) 2. Brain myelination was examined at PNDs 12, 26, and 60. Motor function and anxiety-like behavior were evaluated at PND 26 or 30 using DigiGait analysis and an elevated plus maze. Results White matter development was normal in Tcrd −/− and Tcrα −/− compared to WT mice. LPS exposure induced reductions in white matter tissue volume in WT and Tcrα −/− mice, but not in the Tcrd −/− mice, compared with the saline-treated groups. Neither LPS administration nor the T cell deficiency affected anxiety behavior in these mice as determined with the elevated plus maze. DigiGait analysis revealed motor function deficiency after LPS-induced sepsis in both WT and Tcrα −/− mice, but no such effect was observed in Tcrd −/− mice. Conclusions Our results suggest that γδT cells but not αβT cells contribute to sepsis-induced white matter injury and subsequent motor function abnormalities in early life. Modulating the activity of γδT cells in the early stages of preterm white matter injury might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of perinatal brain injury.
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