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- Hansen, Ole, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of carvedilol on the metabolic, hemodynamic, and electrocardiographic responses to increased plasma epinephrine in normal subjects
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. - 1533-4023. ; 24:6, s. 853-859
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the effects of the new vasodilating beta-blocking agent carvedilol on a variety of metabolic, hemodynamic, and ECG parameters of importance for the clinical outcome of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we infused epinephrine (EPI) in healthy male volunteers on two separate occasions to serum concentrations of the same level reached in AMI. Before the EPI infusions, the volunteers were pretreated for 2 weeks with either carvedilol or placebo in randomized order. EPI caused significant decreases in serum levels: S-potassium (0.62 mM), S-magnesium (0.07 mM), S-calcium (0.12 mM), and S-phosphate (0.26 mM). After pretreatment with carvedilol, the decreases in S-calcium and S-phosphate were partly prevented and those in S-potassium and S-magnesium were completely inhibited. Short-term treatment with carvedilol significantly decreased S-insulin and serum C-peptide and significantly attenuated the EPI-induced increase in B-glucose observed after placebo. The EPI infusion significantly increased serum concentrations of free fatty acids and glycerol. These increases were significantly attenuated by carvedilol, whereas carvedilol had no significant affects of a variety of other lipid variables. EPI infusion caused a significant (p < 0.01) increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 124.8 +/- 8.1 to 135.8 +/- 12.5 mm Hg and an increase in heart rate (HR) from 71.0 +/- 11.5 to 77.2 +/- 12.2, resulting in a significant increase in rate-pressure product (RPP). This estimate of cardiac work was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by pretreatment with carvedilol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 2. |
- Sandstrom, T, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory cell response in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after nitrogen dioxide exposure of healthy subjects: a dose-response study
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - 1399-3003. ; 4:3, s. 332-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of environmental chamber exposure and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was used to study the effects of the common air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Eighteen healthy nonsmokers were exposed to NO2 during 20 min in an exposure chamber during light bicycle ergometer work. All subjects were examined with BAL at least 3 wks before exposure, as a reference. The subjects were re-examined with BAL, in groups of eight, 24 h after exposure to 4, 7 and 10 mg NO2.m.3 (2.25, 4.0 and 5.5 ppm), respectively. An inflammatory cell response was found after exposure to all concentrations. An increase in the number of lymphocytes in BAL fluid was observed after 7 and 10 mg.m.3 (p less than 0.05 and 0.02, respectively). An increase in the number of mast cells, that appears to be dose-dependent, was found after exposure to all concentrations. The proportion of lysozyme positive alveolar macrophages was elevated after exposure to 7 mg.m.3. The inflammatory mediators fibronectin, hyaluronan, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and beta 2-microglobulin were unchanged by exposure. Due to the findings of inflammatory cell changes far below the peak exposure limits for work places in industrialized countries, 9-18 mg.m.3, the safety of these limits is questioned. Studies are in progress in our laboratory using BAL to evaluate the effects of repeated NO2 exposure.
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