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- Keen, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Supplementation With Fatty Acids Influences the Airway Nitric Oxide and Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN. - 0277-2116 .- 1536-4801. ; 50:5, s. 537-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To obtain a balance in the fatty acid (FA) metabolism is important for the inflammatory response and of special importance in cystic fibrosis (CF), which is characterized by impaired FA metabolism, chronic inflammation, and infection in the airways. Nitric oxide (NO) has antimicrobial properties and low nasal (nNO) and exhaled NO (FENO), commonly reported in CF that may affect bacterial status. The present study investigates the effect of different FA blends on nNO and FENO and immunological markers in patients with CF. Patients and Methods: Forty-three patients with CF and "severe" mutations were consecutively enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study with 3 FA blends containing mainly n-3 or n-6 FA or saturated FA acting as placebo. FENO, nNO, serum phospholipid concentrations of FA, and biomarkers of inflammation were measured before and after 3 months of supplementation. Results: Thirty-five patients in clinically stable condition completed the study. The serum phospholipid FA pattern changed significantly in all 3 groups. An increase of the n-6FA, arachidonic acid, was associated with a decrease of FENO and nNO. The inflammatory biomarkers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and interleukin-8 decreased after supplementation with n-3 FA and erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased after supplementation with n-6 FA. Conclusions: This small pilot study indicated that the composition of dietary n-3 and n-6 FA influenced the inflammatory markers in CF. FENO and nNO were influenced by changes in the arachidonic acid concentration, supporting previous studies suggesting that both the lipid abnormality and the colonization with Pseudomonas influenced NO in the airways.
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- Persson, Carina Ulla, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Responsiveness of a modified version of the postural assessment scale for stroke patients and longitudinal change in postural control after stroke- Postural Stroke Study in Gothenburg (POSTGOT) -
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-0003. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Responsiveness data certify that a change in a measurement output represents a real change, not a measurement error or biological variability. The objective was to evaluate the responsiveness of the modified version of the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (SwePASS) in patients with a first event of stroke. An additional aim was to estimate the change in postural control during the first 12 months after stroke onset. METHODS: The SwePASS assessments were conducted during the first week and 3, 6 and 12 months after stroke in 90 patients. Svensson's method, Relative Position (RP), Relative Concentration (RC) and Relative Rank Variance (RV), were used to estimate the scale's responsiveness and the patients' change in postural control over time. RESULTS: From the first week to 3 months after stroke, the patients improved in terms of postural control with 2 to 12 times larger systematic changes in Relative Position (RP), for which 9 items and the total score showed a significant responsiveness to change when compared to the interrater reliability measurement error of the SwePASS reported in a previous study. When SwePASS was used to assess change in postural control between the first week and 3 months, 74% of the patients received higher scores while 10% received lower scores, RP 0.31 (95% CI 0.219-0.402). The corresponding figures between 3 and 6 and between 6 and 12 months were 37% and 16%, RP 0.09 (95% CI 0.030-0.152), and 18% and 26%, RP -0.07 (95% CI -0.134- (-0.010)), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SwePASS is responsive to change. Postural control evaluated using the SwePASS showed an improvement during the first 6 months after stroke. The measurement property, in the form of responsiveness, shows that the SwePASS scoring method can be considered for use in rehabilitation when assessing postural control in patients after stroke, especially during the first 3 months.
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- Persson, Carina Ulla, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Timed Up & Go as a measure for longitudinal change in mobility after stroke - Postural Stroke Study in Gothenburg (POSTGOT)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-0003. ; 11:83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background A frequently used clinical test to assess mobility after stroke is the Timed Up & Go. Knowledge regarding whether or not the Timed Up & Go is able to detect change over time in patients with stroke, whether improvements in mobility exist after the first three months and whether or not longitudinal change in mobility after stroke depend on the patients’ age, is limited or unclear. The objectives were to investigate the distribution-based responsiveness of the Timed Up & Go (TUG) during the first three months after a first event of stroke, to measure the longitudinal change in TUG time during the first year after stroke and to establish whether recovery in TUG time differs between different age groups. Methods Ninety-one patients with first-ever stroke were assessed using the Timed Up & Go at the 1st week and at 3, 6 and 12 months after stroke. The non-parametric sign-test, the parametric t-test and a mixed model approach to linear regression for repeated measurements (Proc mixed) were used for the statistical analyses. Results The median TUG time was reduced from 17 to 12 seconds (p < 0.001) between the 1st week and 3 months. No further improvement was seen between 3 and 12 months after stroke. In a mixed model approach to linear regression, there was a significant age difference. Patients at age 80 and above tended to deteriorate in terms of TUG time between 3 and 12 months after stroke, while patients < 80 years did not (p = 0.011 for the interaction between age group and time). Conclusion The Timed Up & Go demonstrates ability to detect change in mobility over time in patients with stroke. A significant improvement in TUG time from the 1st week to 3 months after stroke was found, as expected, but thereafter no statistically significant change was detected. After 3 months, patients ≥80 years tended to deteriorate in terms of TUG time, while the younger patients did not.
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- Ahlstrand, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Reliabilitetstestning av Purdue Pegboard® (finmotoriktest)
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att undersöka hur många upprepade mätningar med Purdue Pegboard som ger tillräckligt bra reliabilitet vid test av finmotorik, genomfördes en pilotstudie på Arbets- och miljömedicin vintern 2010-2011. I studien deltog 28 högerhänta friska personer mellan 20 och 60 år, hälften män och hälften kvinnor. Samtliga försökspersoner gjorde en basmätning och därefter en uppföljande mätning efter en vecka. Höger hand, vänster hand och båda händer testades fem gånger vid varje försökstillfälle som gick ut på att sätta i maximalt antal pinnar på 30 sekunder. Test-retest data för kontinuerliga variabler analyserades med hänsyn till medelvärde av skillnaden mellan basmätning och uppföljning. Resultatet angavs som intervall mellan övre och nedre gräns i ”limits of agreement”( LOA). Efter totalt tio genomförda tester för varje individ (n=28) blev det genomsnittliga antalet isatta pinnar ca 17 för höger hand, 15-16 för vänster hand och ca 13 pinnar för båda händerna. Test nr 1, dvs en enkel test, så som den utförs på AMM (höger + vänster + båda händer), ger ett intervall på 5,6 pinnar för höger hand, 6,4 pinnar för vänster hand och 5,3 pinnar för båda händerna. Medelvärde från tre tester, test nr 1+2+3 ger ett intervall på 4,8 pinnar för höger hand, 4,1 pinnar för vänster hand och 3,5 pinnar för båda händerna. Medelvärde från fem tester, 1+2+3+4+5 ger ett intervall på 4,0 pinnar för höger hand, 2,8 pinnar för vänster hand och 3,8 pinnar för båda händerna. Genom att utöka metoden från en till tre tester uppnås en förbättring av reliabiliteten med närmare två pinnar i genomsnitt vilket ger ett acceptabelt Limits of agreement på mellan tre och en halv pinne (båda händer) till knappt fem pinnar (höger hand). Fyra mätningar ger en ytterligare förbättring av reliabiliteten på ca en halv pinne medan fem mätningar inte ger någon förbättring
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- Arnadottir, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Vårt underbara universum
- 2012
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We celebrate that it has been 50 years since Sweden together with five other countries founded the European Southern Observatory (ESO). ESO has provided the world with thousands of fantastic pictures of the cosmos.In this planetarium show we take a closer look at the stars and constellations that fill our night sky, we learn about the stars, stellar clusters and nebulae in our galaxy and we take a closer look at ESOs telescopes which allow astronomers to examine our Amazing Universe.
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- Belfrage, Henrik, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing risk of patriarchal violence with honour as a motive : six years experience using the PATRIARCH checklist
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Police Science and Management. - : Sage Publications. - 1461-3557 .- 1478-1603. ; 14:1, s. 20-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few crimes are as complicated to investigate and understand as honour-based crimes. The planning and execution often involves multiple family members, usually without personality disorders or major mental disorders, and can include mothers, sisters, brothers, male cousins, uncles and grandfathers whose actions are by many, themselves included, considered as good or necessary. Investigations often have to be carried out transnational, involving many authorities and sometimes several countries. This paper describes the process of developing an evidence-based checklist which has been used for six years in Sweden as an aid for law enforcement and social authorities in cases with suspected risk for honour-based violence. Data from 56 recent cases are presented and discussed.
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