| 1. |
- Berezovskyi, Andrii, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient state update exchange in a CPS environment for linked data-based digital twins
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728129273 ; , s. 983-989
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the problem of reducing the number of messages needed to exchange state updates between the Cyber-Physical System (CPS) components that integrate with the rest of the CPS through Digital Twins in order to maintain uniform communication interface and carry out their tasks correctly and safely. The main contribution is a proposed architecture and the discussion of its suitability to support correct execution of complex tasks across the CPS. A new State Event Filtering component is presented to provide event-based communication among Digital Twins that are based on the Linked Data principles while keeping the fan-out limited to ensure the scalability of the architecture.
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| 2. |
- Berezovskyi, Andrii, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
-
Improving lifecycle query in integrated toolchains using linked data and MQTT-based data warehousing
- 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of increasingly complex IoT systems requires large engineering environments. These environments generally consist of tools from different vendors and are not necessarily integrated well with each other. In order to automate various analyses, queries across resources from multiple tools have to be executed in parallel to the engineering activities. In this paper, we identify the necessary requirements on such a query capability and evaluate different architectures according to these requirements. We propose an improved lifecycle query architecture, which builds upon the existing Tracked Resource Set (TRS) protocol, and complements it with the MQTT messaging protocol in order to allow the data in the warehouse to be kept updated in real-time. As part of the case study focusing on the development of an IoT automated warehouse, this architecture was implemented for a toolchain integrated using RESTful microservices and linked data.
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| 3. |
- Berezovskyi, Andrii, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
-
Linked Data Architecture for Plan Execution in Distributed CPS
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (IEEE ICIT). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781538663769 ; , s. 1393-1399
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future cyber-physical systems (CPS) require their components to perform autonomously. To do that safely and efficiently, CPS components will need access to the global state of the whole CPS. These components will require near real-time updates to a subset of the global state to react to changes in the environment. A particular challenge is to monitor state updates from the distributed CPS components: one needs to ensure that only states consistent with the PDDL plan execution semantics can be observed within the system. In order to guarantee that, a component to monitor plan execution is proposed. Microservices based on Linked Data technologies are used to provide a uniform way to access component states, represented as Resource Description Framework (RDF) resources. To ensure the correct ordering of state updates, we present an extension of the OASIS OSLC TRS protocol. Specifically, we strengthen the ordering guarantees of state change events and introduce inlining of the state with the events to prevent state mismatch at the dereferencing stage.
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| 4. |
- El-khoury, Jad, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A Model-Driven Engineering Approach to Software Tool Interoperability based on Linked Data
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal on Advances in Software. - : ThinkMind. - 1942-2628. ; 9:3 & 4, s. 248-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product development environments need to shift from the current document-based, towards an informationbased focus, in which the information from the various engineering software tools is well integrated and made digitally accessible throughout the development lifecycle. To meet this need, a Linked Data approach to software tool interoperability is being adopted, specifically through the Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration (OSLC) interoperability standard. In this paper, we present a model-driven engineering approach to toolchain development that targets the specific challenges faced when adopting the technologies, standards and paradigm expected of Linked Data and the OSLC standard. We propose an integrated set of modelling views that supports the early specification phases of toolchain development, as well as its detailed design and implementation phases. An open-source modelling tool was developed to realize the proposed modelling views. The tool includes a code generator that synthesizes a toolchain model into almost-complete OSLC-compliant code. The study is based on a case study of developing a federated OSLC-based toolchain for the development environment at the truck manufacturer Scania AB.
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| 5. |
- El-khoury, Jad, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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An industrial evaluation of data access techniques for the interoperability of engineering software tools
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : ELSEVIER. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 15, s. 58-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New industrial initiatives such as Industrie 4.0 rely on digital end-to-end engineering across the entire product lifecycle, which in turn depends on the ability of the supporting software tools to interoperate. A tool interoperability approach based on Linked Data, and the OASIS OSLC standard, has the potential to provide such integration, where each software tool can expose its information and services to other tools using the web as a common technology base. In this paper, we report on our negative findings when attempting to use existing ontology-based Linked Data access techniques to expose and manipulate the structured content managed in engineering tools. Such techniques typically target the Data Access Layer (DAL) of a tool to access and manipulate its content, with the assumption that sufficient information and control is available within this layer to automate the process. Based on a case study with the truck manufacturer Scania CV AB, our study finds that an engineering tool controls its artefacts using business logic that is not necessarily reflected at the data layer. This renders such ontology-based access techniques inadequate. Instead we propose an alternative Linked Data extraction architecture that can mitigate the identified shortcomings. While less automated compared to the existing solutions, the proposed architecture is realised as a standalone library that can still facilitate the extraction process.
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| 6. |
- El-khoury, Jad, 1975-
(författare)
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Lyo code generator: A model-based code generator for the development of OSLC-compliant tool interfaces
- 2016
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Ingår i: SoftwareX. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7110.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To promote the newly emerging OSLC (Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration) tool interoperability standard, an open source code generator is developed that allows for the specification of OSLC-compliant tool interfaces, and from which almost complete Java code of the interface can be generated. The software takes a model-based development approach to tool interoperability, with the aim of providing modeling support for the complete development cycle of a tool interface. The software targets both OSLC developers, as well as the interoperability research community, with proven capabilities to be extended to support their corresponding needs.
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| 7. |
- El-khoury, Jad, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting the Linked Data Approach to Maintain Coherence Across Rich EMF Models
- 2016
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Ingår i: 12th European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications, ECMFA, Wien, July 4-8, 2016.. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319420615 ; , s. 36-47
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many development environments, Model-Driven Engineering(MDE) may well be limited to parts of the complete product developmentprocess due to the lack of interoperability mechanisms that connect the productdata across the model-based engineering tools being used. This is especially thecase if the tools are not designed to work tightly together, and/or if they do notshare a common technological basis. In this paper, we investigate the use of theOASIS OSLC interoperability standard to facilitate the integration of modelsfrom different languages into a single coherent view. We evaluate afully-automated code generator that provides OSLC interfaces for EMF-basedmodelling tools, allowing the exposure of modelling elements from any richmodelling language. We argue that such a generator is a critical component forreducing the cost of providing rich and specialized tool interfaces, generallyneeded when integrating modelling tools. The study is based on a case study thataddresses the development process – and the corresponding integrated softwareengineering environment - at Volvo Trucks used when developing a newelectronic architecture including heavy vehicle functions.
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| 8. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-
(författare)
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Data and Visual Analytics for Cyber-physical Systems : Current Situation and Strategies for Action
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today, cyber-physical systems (CPS) exist everywhere in different sizes, with different functionalities and capabilities. CPS often support critical missions that have significant economic and societal importance. They require software systems, communications technologies, sensors/actuators, embedded technologies, and physical systems to work together seamlessly, and they are seen as a driving force behind digital transformation. This dissertation describes the research work carried out to investigate applicability of data and visual analytics for CPS to overcome three main challenges: interoperability, complexity, and sustainability.To this end, several case studies are used to effectively implement and test different data and visual analytics solutions to aid stakeholders when they make decisions on interoperability, complexity, and sustainability for CPS. These studies raised questions about issues found to be of importance for the success of data and visual analytics approaches, including accessibility, availability, quality, volume, and variety of data—issues. Moreover, additional studies are used to show the benefits of blending different approaches, such as systems thinking and design thinking, and the current data analytics readiness of the Swedish industry is assessed through a questionnaire completed by more than a hundred respondents. The data and visual analytics are positioned between digitalization and machine intelligence as a research focus. Data and visual analytics is the next step after digitalizing the information by adding analytical capabilities to the data. It is also an important phase before developing machine intelligence applications. Earlier studies clearly show that only a fraction of companies have machine intelligence applications across the enterprise. One important reason behind this is the lack of strong digital capabilities that big data and advanced data analytics technologies could bring. The findings of the work carried out as part of this thesis show the importance of this middle phase—data and visual analytics—for the success of not only the CPS but also these two concepts—digitalization and machine intelligence.This thesis concludes by highlighting that currentdata and visual analytics approaches in CPS are closely dependent onthe availability, accessibility, quality, volume, and variety of the data. Notably, the huge amount of industrial data that exists in CPS manufacturers data repositories does not always mean that this data is useful, especially for analytical purposes. To this end, firstly, the CPS industry should concentrate its efforts to collect useful data that will benefit the industry by providing analytical insight intothe environments where CPS is produced and operated. Secondly, the industry should make necessary organizational changes such as considering to employ data scientists, analysts, and business intelligence developers and make data accessible tothese people for further usage. Thirdly, the data management procedures and data analytics roadmaps of companies should be created and shared with other employees, and necessary mechanisms needto be considered to improve and guarantee the quality of the data. Lastly, the variety of data needs to be addressed by the industry. Data and visual analytics provides an opportunity to extract patterns; to evaluate the interoperability, complexity, and sustainability; to create an overview of the current challenge by providing different viewpoints adapted to different stakeholders, focusing on key concerns for the respective stakeholder; to optimize performance, automation, and cooperation of distributed CPS, development environment, and teams; and overall, to improve any of the challenges that are mentioned above by, basically, providing a better understanding.To this end, I suggest that the industry discuss the next step after digitalization and address the challenges related to the availability, accessibility, quality, volume, and variety of data by considering user-centric approaches and organizational needs of the future development and manufacturing environments. The CPS industry should plan and act on these challenges as part of its data analytics strategies to expedite the machine intelligence applications of the future.
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| 9. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Data Visualization of A Cyber-Physical Systems Development Toolchain : An Integration Case Study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ALLDATA 2017. - Venice, Italy : IARIA XPS Press. - 9781612085524
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) requires various engineering disciplines, artifacts, and areas of expertise to collaborate. There are powerful software tools, which are used during CPS development, but it is often challenging to integrate these tools with each other. This paper proposes a data visualization approach to understanding current interoperability status and the integration needs in CPS development toolchains, and make decisions on potential integration scenarios accordingly. To this end, a case study is introduced based on a toolchain for the development of an embedded application at ABB Corporate Research. The node-link diagram (NLD) data visualization technique was used to understand integration needs and priorities. The study showed that the NLD visualization has the potential to inform toolchain architects about the interoperability situation and help them to make decisions accordingly, especially for small toolchains. Moreover, the integration solution is implemented and the result has been compared with the non-integration study.
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| 10. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Data Visualization Support for Complex Logistics Operations and Cyber-physical Systems
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, complex logistics operations include different levels of communication and interactions. This paper explores the requirements of these operations and conceptualizes important key performance indicators, stakeholders, and different data visualizations to support the stakeholders in order to understand interactions between entities easier and faster. Three different levels were identified-supply chain, automated warehouse, and intelligent agent-to define the complex logistics operations. For each level, important stakeholders and performance indicators were determined. A case study was designed and described to exemplify the role of cyber-physical systems in complex logistics operations. Moreover, different data visualizations were developed as part of a dashboard to illustrate key performance indicators of different levels for the purpose of supporting stakeholders. This exploratory study concludes by identifying important data necessary for each performance indicator, suggesting ways to collect these data, and exemplifying how data visualization approach can be used through a dashboard design.
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