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- Elgan, TH, et al.
(författare)
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Breath alcohol concentration, hazardous drinking and preloading among Swedish university students
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT. - : SAGE Publications. - 1458-6126. ; 36:5, s. 430-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately half of all young adults in Sweden are university students, and alcohol consumption is often a central part of students’ social lives. Heavy drinking is associated with negative consequences, such as poor study skills, sexual risk-taking, violence and accidents. The aim of the present study is to assess the levels of alcohol intoxication as well as hazardous alcohol use among students at Swedish universities. Methods: In an alcohol field study, students (≥18 years old) were randomly selected and invited to participate. The settings were eight different parties at four universities in Sweden. Alcohol intoxication was measured using a breath analyser for breath alcohol concentration (BrAC). Demographic data (i.e., sex, age, number of years at the university) and responses to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) were gathered through face-to-face interviews for the assessment of hazardous alcohol use. Results: In total, 723 students were invited to participate, 605 of whom consented (84% response rate). The mean age of the respondents was 22.2 years, and the proportion of women was 37%. A majority of the respondents (91%) reported drinking before arriving at the parties. Among those who had consumed alcohol before arriving, the average BrAC was 0.086%, and 36% had BrACs of 0.100% or more. The proportion of students reporting hazardous use was 86% for women and 87% for men. Conclusions: This study provides the actual levels of intoxication among university students in four different cities. Alcohol intoxication and hazardous use among Swedish university students is a concern, and the university setting is an important arena for implementation of alcohol prevention strategies.
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- Kallmen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration between community social services and healthcare institutions: The use of a collaborative individual plan
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT. - : SAGE Publications. - 1458-6126. ; 34:2, s. 119-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-functioning care of people with substance use and psychiatric disorders presumes collaboration between different parties such as psychiatric care and substance use treatment centres, as well as social services. According to Swedish law, a collaborative individual plan, i.e., a written action plan to support structured inter-organisational collaboration, should be established. However, there are indications that such action plans are not used to a satisfactory extent. Aim: To explore current inter-organisational collaboration and use of collaborative individual plans among healthcare units and social services in Stockholm County. Design: The study uses a cross-sectional design. Participants ( N = 797) in a course specifically aimed at improving the knowledge and use of collaborative individual plans were invited to take part in the study prior to attending the course. A total of 705 participants accepted. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire sent to each participant’s workplace. Non-respondents were offered a paper version to fill out. Results: Respondents reported participating in one to two collaborative individual plans per month and about 70% reported using a particular template. Respondents perceived mainly positive consequences of establishing a collaborative individual plan, for instance that it clarifies what measures are to be performed and who is responsible. Conclusions: Although respondents were generally positive about establishing a collaborative individual plan and the consequences thereof, they reported low use of such action plans.
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- Kallmen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of the AUDIT, AUDIT-C, CRAFFT and ASSIST-Y among Swedish Adolescents
- 2019
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Ingår i: European addiction research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9891 .- 1022-6877. ; 25:2, s. 68-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Not enough is known about the psychometric properties of screening instruments for problematic alcohol consumption among adolescents. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the performance of the screening instruments: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-C, CRAFFT, and the alcohol domain of Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test-Youth (ASSIST-Y) among adolescents and to suggest optimal cut-offs indicating problematic use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data was collected from a general population sample (<i>n</i> = 1,421) and a treatment-seeking sample (<i>n</i> = 59) using electronic versions of the instruments. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The internal consistencies for the instruments were fair (alpha’s AUDIT 0.74, AUDIT-C 0.75, CRAFFT 0.67, ASSIST-Y 0.62), and test-retest reliabilities were good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients AUDIT 0.86, AUDIT-C 0.93, CRAFFT 0.77, ASSIST-Y 0.63). The CRAFFT and ASSIST-Y demonstrated reasonable construct validities while factor solutions for AUDIT and AUDIT-C could not be determined. The optimal cut-off score was 2 for both CRAFFT and ASSIST-Y (61 and 73% sensitivities and 79 and 65% specificities, respectively), while sensitivity scores were poor for AUDIT and AUDIT-C. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on the current sample, ASSIST-Y and the CRAFFT performed better than AUDIT and AUDIT-C. Health-care clinics working with adolescents should carefully consider their choice of screening instruments.
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- Raninen, J, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of children whose parents have a substance use disorder: Findings from a Swedish general population survey
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 44:1, s. 14-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The present study examined the prevalence of Swedish children living with at least one parent whom has a substance use disorder (SUD), i.e. either an alcohol use disorder (AUD) or a drug use disorder (DUD). Methods: A 2013 cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample ( n = 15,576) of the Swedish adult population 17–84 years of age was used. The response rate was 59.3%. SUDs were measured using selected parts of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), derived from the 4th edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV). In total, 3778 parents with 7448 children under the age of 18 years participated. Results: The proportion of children whose parent had a SUD was 4.6%, implying that around 90,000 children in Sweden experience this situation. Having a parent with an AUD was most common (3.7%), while 0.7% and 0.2% had a parent with a DUD and both (AUD plus DUD), respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that a substantial number of children in Sweden have parents with a SUD and that it is important to consider both alcohol and drugs, when estimating the size of this group. Our findings call for further strategies to support these children and their families.
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- Strandberg, AK, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol policies and attitudes toward alcohol prevention at Swedish student unions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT. - : SAGE Publications. - 1458-6126. ; 36:1, s. 51-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High alcohol consumption among young adults is of great concern. About half of all young adults in Sweden are university students, and high alcohol consumption is common in this group. This makes student unions a potential arena for alcohol prevention. Little is known about attitudes toward alcohol prevention and to what extent Swedish student unions have written alcohol policies. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether student union representatives consider alcohol to be a problem, their attitudes toward alcohol prevention, the presence of written alcohol policies at student unions, and factors possibly associated with the existence of such policies. Methods: During November 2014, student union representatives ( n = 95) were invited to participate in a web-based questionnaire; data were obtained from 78 unions. Results: The majority (93%) reported positive attitudes toward alcohol prevention, and many also recognised that alcohol consumption could be a problem (47%). Furthermore, 81% reported having an alcohol policy at their student union. Unions that frequently arranged pubs were more likely to have a policy ( OR = 1.9). Conclusions: Many participants recognised that alcohol consumption could be a problem and reported positive attitudes toward alcohol prevention in the student union setting. This, together with the fact that the majority of student unions had written alcohol policies, suggests that the student union setting is a promising arena for alcohol prevention.
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