| 1. |
- Alexeyev, Oleg, et al.
(författare)
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Association between the presence of bacterial 16S RNA in prostate specimens taken during transurethral resection of prostate and subsequent risk of prostate cancer (Sweden)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 17:9, s. 1127-1133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study bacterial 16S RNA in archival prostate samples from 352 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and evaluate whether the presence of bacterial DNA was different in those who later developed prostate cancer (n = 171) and in the matched controls that did not progress to cancer (n = 181).Methods: 16S DNA PCR followed by cloning and sequencing the positive samples.Results: In 96/352 (27%) of the prostate tissue specimens 16S RNA were detected. Sequence analysis revealed Propionibacterium acnes as the predominant microorganism (23% of 16S RNA positive patients). The second most frequent isolate—Escherichia coli was found in 12 (12%) patients. The other isolates included Pseudomonas sp. (3 patients), Actinomyces sp. (2), Streptococcus mutans (1), Corynebacterium sp. (2),Nocardioides sp. (1), Rhodococcus sp. (1) Veillonella sp. (2). In P. acnes positive samples 62% exhibited severe histological inflammation versus 50% in the bacteria-negative group (p = 0.602). The presence of P. acnes in the prostate was associated with prostate cancer development (OR 2.17, 95% CI 0.77–6.95).Conclusions: This study has revealed P. acnes as the most common bacteria in the prostate in BPH. Further studies are needed to clarify its role in contributing to the development of prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer.
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| 2. |
- Bergh, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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No link between viral findings in the prostate and subsequent cancer development
- 2007
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 96:1, s. 137-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an investigation of 201 prostate tissue samples from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia that later progressed to prostate cancer and 201 matched controls that did not, there were no differences in the prevalence of adenovirus, herpesvirus, papilloma virus, polyoma virus and Candida albicans DNA.
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| 3. |
- Alexeyev, Oleg A, et al.
(författare)
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Direct visualization of Propionibacterium acnes in prostate tissue by multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization assay.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 45:11, s. 3721-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate tissues from patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) frequently contain histological inflammation, and a proportion of these patients show evidence of Propionibacterium acnes infection in the prostate gland. We developed a multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assay targeting P. acnes 23S rRNA along with a 14-kb region of the P. acnes genome. This assay was used to analyze prostate tissues from patients with prostate cancer and BPH. P. acnes infection of the prostate gland was demonstrated in prostatic tissue in 5 of 10 randomly selected prostate cancer patients. FISH analysis and confocal laser microscopy imaging revealed intracellular localization and stromal biofilm-like aggregates as common forms of P. acnes infection in prostate tissues from both prostate cancer and BPH patients. A sequential analysis of prostate tissue from individual patients suggested that P. acnes can persist for up to 6 years in the prostate gland. These results indicate that P. acnes can establish a persistent infection in the prostate gland. Further study is needed to clarify the link between this bacterium and prostatic inflammation which may contribute to the development of BPH and prostate cancer.
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| 6. |
- Cederfeldt, Mikael, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Design Automation in SMEs – Current State, Potential, Need and Requirements
- 2005
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Ingår i: ICED05.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a study on design automation at eleven small and medium enterprises (SMEs). These have been interviewed on their need of, perceived potential for, current state of, requirements and wishes on, design automation as well as their view on realization and implementation of design automation applications. The companies answers are presented together with an interpreted potential for design automation.
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| 7. |
- Cederfeldt, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Design Automation Systems in SMEs : Current State, Potential, Need and Requirements
- 2005
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Ingår i: Engineering Design and the Global Economy. - 0858257882
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To ensure and improve the competitiveness of SMEs acting in an environment of distributed engineering and globalisation, four important factors are low cost, short lead-time, improved product performance, and the possibility to adapt products to different costumer specifications. One way of gaining these competitive advantages is to adopt an approach where products are based on prepared design. If some of the work related to these products and design tasks are automated, the design process can become more effective and efficient. This allows for shortened lead-time of product designs, cost estimates (Elgh and Sunnersjö, 2003), more optimised product designs, and customer tailoring, while giving the designers more time for creative problem solving. Companies have to consider the advantages of design automation, its realisation and implementation, as well as its applicability. Other issues of importance are: scope of implementation, how far to push the automation level, procedure for development, identification of information needed, definition of information models (Elgh, 2004), strategy and procedure for handling and storing design process information (Cederfeldt, 2004), selection of suitable application software (Amen et al, 1999), initial cost, maintenance cost, and the use of internal and external expertise. To support companies in choosing appropriate type and level of design automation, there is a need to address the important questions about potential, wishes, requirements, constraints and actual need of design automation. This paper addresses these questions from a SME standpoint. Other issues addressed are the current state of design automation in industry and the companies’ views regarding some important aspects and criteria of design automation characteristics, realisation and implementation.
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| 8. |
- Elgh, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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A Design Automation System Supporting Design for Cost : Underlying Method, System Applicability and User Experiences
- 2005
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Ingår i: Next generation concurrent engineering - Smart and Concurrent Intergration of Product Data, Sevices, and Control Strategies. - New York : International Society for Productivity Enhancement. - 0976824604 ; , s. 619-627
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that application software are getting more and more adaptable extends the possibility of in-house developed design systems supporting design for cost. This calls for systematic methods for system development that ensure system functionality, quality and longevity. In this work, a method supporting the development of automated systems for product design, process planning and cost estimation is introduced. The method has been the foundation on which an automated system for variant design has been developed. The system applicability as a means of gaining cost effective design is presented through studies of: multi-objective optimisation, what-if scenarios and sensitivity analyses. The work is completed by an evaluation of the three types of studies. This is followed by an evaluation of the variant design system and its underlying method (that supports in-house development of automated systems), with respect to a number of presented underlying general criteria supporting realisation of systems meeting companies’ needs.
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| 9. |
- Elgh, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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A Design Automation System Supporting Design For Cost – Underlying Method, System Applicability and User Experiences
- 2005
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Ingår i: CE05.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that software applications are getting more and more adaptable extends the possibility of in-house developed design systems. This calls for systematic methods that supports system development and ensures system functionality, quality and longevity. For this a number of underlying general criteria are expressed. In this work a method that supports development of automated systems for product design, process plan-ning and cost estimation is introduced. The method has been the foundation on which an automated system for variant design has been developed. The system applicability as a means of gaining cost effective design is presented through studies of: multi-objective optimization, what-if scenarios and sensitivity analyses. The work is completed by an evaluation of the three types of studies, the variant design system, and the underlying method that supports in-house development of automated systems. All this is done with respect to the under-lying general criteria.
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