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- Sahli, David, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of toe blood pressure is an effective screening method to identify diabetes patients with lower extremity arterial disease.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Angiology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0003-3197 .- 1940-1574. ; 55:6, s. 641-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors evaluated a screening program for lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) in diabetic patients and focused on the value of toe blood pressure assessment. They recruited 437 subjects, ages 30-70 years (134 healthy controls, 166 type 1 and 137 type 2 diabetic patients; control [Ctr], DM1, and DM2) with no previous history of LEAD. They were enrolled in a longitudinal study with a planned follow-up of 10 years. Patients were consecutively enrolled from outpatient diabetes units of 2 university hospitals. Subjects were screened with respect to peripheral circulation by use of established noninvasive techniques. These included arm, ankle (AP), and toe (TP) blood pressure measurements; evaluation of peripheral neuropathy; and a standardized physical examination. Results from the baseline examination are presented in this report. The number of patients who presented peripheral pressures or indices below normal (< mean -2 SD for controls) was higher among diabetic patients; 24% of DM1 and 31% of DM2, as compared to 6% of Ctr, had at least 1 lower limb with a low TP, AP, toe/arm index (TI), or ankle/arm index (AI), and these subjects were mainly identified by using the toe/arm index. TI was independently and negatively associated with fasting blood glucose in both patient groups, and with smoking, age, and diabetes duration in DM1. The mean AP was higher in the DM1 and DM2 groups compared to Ctr, whereas overall TP, TI, and AI were similar in the groups. It was also shown that abnormally low TI was significantly more common than low AI among diabetics (p<0.001), and this was true for TP vs AP as well (p<0.05). It is beneficial to include assessment of toe blood pressure and toe/arm blood pressure index to detect early LEAD in diabetic patients. Ankle blood pressure and indices alone are less efficient, owing probably to medial sclerosis in diabetic patients. Up to 30% of diabetic patients with no ischemic symptoms may have signs of impaired arterial circulation.
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| 4. |
- Forsberg, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Luftföroreningshalters relation till fibrinogenhalten i blod
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Som ett specialprojekt om hälsorelaterad miljöövervakning har studerats om hälsoundersökningsdata avseende fibrinogenhalt i blod kan användas som en indikator på luftföroreningspåverkan. Bakgrunden är att det under senare år har publicerats flera studier i vilka samband konstaterats mellan dygnets eller de senaste dygnens luftföroreningshalt (främst partiklar eller avgaskomponenter) och det dygnsvisa antalet dödsfall eller sjukhusinläggningar p g a hjärtsjukdom. Mekanismerna bakom effekterna är inte helt klarlagda, men mycket talar för att en mekanism kan vara kroppens inflammationssvar som inducerar förändringar i blodets koaguleringsbenägenhet. Fibrinogen är en av de viktigaste faktorerna bakom blodets viskositet. Ökad fibrinogenhalt i blodplasma har tidigare konstaterats dels i samband med en luftföroreningsepisod i Tyskland och när hälsoundersökningsdata från London korrelerats till kvävedioxidhalten dygnet innan blodprovet togs. I denna undersökning har vi använt data om fibrinogenhalten (g/l) i blodprover som tagits i den befolkningsbaserade MONICA-undersökningen i Norr- och Västerbotten under januari-april 1990 och 1994, och utifrån undersökningsdatum påfört individerna uppgifter om halten av ozon respektive sot samma och intilliggande dygn. För närmare 3400 personer vars blodprov kunnat sammankopplas med aktuell ozonhalt, konstaterar vi att fibrinogenhalten ökar med stigande ozonvärde. Sambandet är statistiskt säkerställt vid en analys med hänsyn till individfaktorer av betydelse för fibrinogenhalten. En ökning av ozonhalten med 50 μg/m3 (från 10:e till 90:e percentilen) leder till en i genomsnitt 3 % ökad fibrinogenhalt.
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| 8. |
- Lorén, Anders, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Internal standard in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
- 2004
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 76:24, s. 7391-7395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method is presented for the use of SAM layers as internal standards for calibration in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Three cyano-containing compounds were attached to gold colloids via a metal-sulfur bond and evaluated for spectral stability and normalization capacity. The results show that the analyte, rhodamine 6G, and the internal standard signal enhancement covaried, and it was possible to quantify the analyte with PLS. The fact that the enhancing substrate was chaotic assemblies with large variation in signal enhancement shows the versatility of this method.
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| 9. |
- Lorén, Anders, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Self-assembled monolayer coating for normalization of surface enhanced Raman spectra
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 4:2, s. 309-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate that the use of a self-assembled monolayer, consisting of a thiol derivative of Dabcyl, can be used to normalize surface enhanced Raman signals (SERS) with respect to varying enhancement. Chaotic assemblies of gold nanoparticles exhibit large spatial variation in enhancement. Our work shows that in such a system the signals from the reporting molecules in the SAM co-vary with the signal from the analyte solution. With this knowledge, a normalization procedure was used to increase the precision of the analyte signal by 1 order of magnitude, to 8-13%, fully acceptable for quantitative work.
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