| 1. |
- Argentzell, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Life Among People with Psychiatric Disabilities : Does Day Centre Attendance Make a Difference?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Mental Health Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0010-3853 .- 1573-2789. ; 53:8, s. 984-990
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate (i) how people with psychiatric disabilities who attend day centres experience their quality of life (QoL) compared to non-attendees, (ii) differences in QoL between those who attend meeting place-oriented centres and those who attend work-oriented centres, (iii) possible correlates of QoL among day centre attendees. Ninety-three day centre attendees and 82 non-attendees completed questionnaires addressing QoL and selected correlates. No group difference was found regarding QoL. Factors related with a good QoL were high levels of self-mastery and motivation. Thus, promoting day centre attendees’ self-mastery and motivation might enhance their QoL.
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| 2. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) versus standard occupational therapy for activity engagement and functioning among people with mental illness - a cluster RCT study
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1471-244X. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Many with a mental illness have an impoverished everyday life with few meaningful activities and a sedentary lifestyle. The study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the 16-week Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) program, compared to care as usual (CAU), for people with mental illness in specialized and community-based psychiatric services. The main outcomes concerned different aspects of subjectively evaluated everyday activities, in terms of the engagement and satisfaction they bring, balance among activities, and activity level. Secondary outcomes pertained to various facets of well-being and functioning. It was hypothesized that those who received the BEL intervention would improve more than the comparison group regarding activity, well-being and functioning outcomes.Methods: BEL is a group and activity-based lifestyle intervention. CAU entailed active support, mainly standard occupational therapy. The BEL group included 133 participants and the CAU group 93. They completed self-report questionnaires targeting activity and well-being on three occasions – at baseline, after completed intervention (at 16 weeks) and at a six-month follow-up. A research assistant rated the participants’ level of functioning and symptom severity on the same occasions. Non-parametric statistics were used since these instruments produced ordinal data.Results: The BEL group improved more than the CAU group from baseline to 16 weeks on primary outcomes in terms of activity engagement (p < 0.001), activity level (p = 0.036) and activity balance (p < 0.042). The BEL group also improved more on the secondary outcomes of symptom severity (p < 0.018) and level of functioning (p < 0.046) from baseline to 16 weeks, but not on well-being. High intra-class correlations (0.12–0.22) indicated clustering effects for symptom severity and level of functioning. The group differences on activity engagement (p = 0.001) and activity level (p = 0.007) remained at the follow-up. The BEL group also improved their well-being (quality of life) more than the CAU group from baseline to the follow-up (p = 0.049). No differences were found at that time for activity balance, level of functioning and symptom severity.Conclusion: The BEL program was effective compared to CAU in terms of activity engagement. Their improvements were not, however, greater concerning other subjective perceptions, such as satisfaction with daily activities and self-rated health, and clustering effects lowered the dependability regarding findings of improvements on symptoms and functioning. Although the CAU group had “caught up” at the follow-up, the BEL group had improved more on general quality of life. BEL appeared to be important in shortening the time required for participants to develop their engagement in activity and in attaining improved quality of life in a follow-up perspective.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Perception of occupational balance by people with mental illness: A new methodology.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 23:4, s. 304-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The aims were to (i) investigate initial construct validity of a tool for assessment of time allocation in occupational balance, and (ii) describe perceived occupational balance and its relationship with socio-demographics, well-being, and personal recovery among people with mental illness. Methods Satisfaction with Daily Occupations and Occupational Balance (SDO-OB) was administered to 226 persons. SDO-OB reflects balance in five occupational domains: work, leisure, home chores, self-care, and overall occupational balance. Indicators for assessing construct validity were: satisfaction with everyday occupations, occupational value, symptom severity, and psychosocial functioning. For the second aim, the data collection included socio-demographics, life quality, self-esteem, self-mastery, and personal recovery. Results Occupational balance ratings indicated the participants were either under-occupied or in balance. Few were over-occupied. Feeling in balance was related to greater well-being and recovery compared with being under-occupied. Risk factors for under-occupation were younger age (in relation to work), and higher education (in relation to overall balance). Conclusions Associations with the indicators suggest initial construct validity. The SDO-OB is promising for assessment of occupational balance among people with mental illness. Being under-occupied was detrimental to well-being and recovery, and this indicates the importance of offering more occupational opportunities for people with mental illness.
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| 5. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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The linkage between patterns of daily occupations and occupational balance : Applications within occupational science and occupational therapy practice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London, UK : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 24:1, s. 41-56
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patterns of daily occupations (PDO) and occupational balance (OB) are recurring phenomena in the literature. Both are related with health and well-being, which makes them central in occupational therapy practice and occupational science. The aim was to review how PDO and OB are described in the literature, to propose a view of how the two constructs may be linked, and elaborate on how such a view may benefit occupational science and occupational therapy. The literature was analysed by latent and manifest content analysis and comparative analysis. The findings were summarized in a model, framing PDO as the more objective and OB as the more subjective result from an interaction between personal preferences and environmental influences. The proposed model does not assume a cause–effect relationship between the targeted constructs, rather a mutual influence and a joint reaction to influencing factors. Indicators of PDO and OB were identified, as well as tools for assessing PDO and OB. The authors propose that discerning PDO and OB as separate but interacting phenomena may be useful in developing a theoretical discourse in occupational science and enhancing occupational therapy practice. Although the scope of this study was limited, the proposed view may hopefully inspire further scrutiny of constructs.
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| 6. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Wellbeing, activity and housing satisfaction - comparing residents with psychiatric disabilities in supported housing and ordinary housing with support
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-244X. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The home is imperative for the possibilities for meaningful everyday activities among people with psychiatric disabilities. Knowledge of whether such possibilities vary with type of housing and housing support might reveal areas for improved support. We aimed to compare people with psychiatric disabilities living in supported housing (SH) and ordinary housing with support (OHS) regarding perceived well-being, engaging and satisfying everyday activities, and perceived meaning of activity in one's accommodation. The importance of these factors and socio-demographics for satisfaction with housing was also explored. Methods: This naturalistic cross-sectional study was conducted in municipalities and city districts (n = 21) in Sweden, and 155 SH residents and 111 OHS residents participated in an interview that included both self-reports and interviewer ratings. T-test and linear regression analysis were used. Results: The SH group expressed more psychological problems, but better health, quality of life and personal recovery compared to the OHS residents. The latter were rated as having less symptom severity, and higher levels of functioning and activity engagement. Both groups rated themselves as under-occupied in the domains of work, leisure, home management and self-care, but the SH residents less so regarding home management and self-care chores. Although the groups reported similar levels of activity, the SH group were more satisfied with everyday activities and rated their housing higher on possibilities for social interaction and personal development. The groups did not differ on access to activity in their homes. The participants generally reported sufficient access to activity, social interaction and personal development, but those who wanted more personal development in the OHS group outnumbered those who stated they received enough. Higher scores on satisfaction with daily occupations, access to organization and information, wanting more social interaction, and personal recovery predicted high satisfaction with housing in the regression model. Conclusion: The fact that health, quality of life and recovery were rated higher by the SH group, despite lower interviewer-ratings on symptoms and level of functioning, might partly be explained by better access to social interaction and personal development in the SH context. This should be acknowledged when planning the support to people who receive OHS.
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| 7. |
- Flokén, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Choices for People with Psychiatric Disabilities : Comparing Attendees and Non-Attendees at Community-Based Day Centers
- 2016
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy in Mental Health. - 0164-212X. ; 32:4, s. 329-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has shown that people with psychiatric disabilities who attend a day center rate their satisfaction with daily occupations equally in comparison with non-attendees. The current study investigates which occupations the target group performs and also differences in occupational choices between attendees and non-attendees. Reported occupations were analyzed with content analysis. Day center attendees reported more productive occupations, while non-attendees reported more recreational occupations and a greater breadth of occupations. This implies that non-attendees might compensate a lack of work-like occupations at a day center with satisfying recreational occupations. The results can guide development of psychiatric occupational-based rehabilitation.
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| 8. |
- Hultqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of clinically important improvements in occupational and quality of life outcomes among mental health service users after completion and follow-up of a lifestyle intervention : multiple regression modelling based on longitudinal data
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMC psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2050-7283. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) is a new activity-based lifestyle intervention for mental health service users. An earlier study found BEL to be effective in increasing occupational engagement, occupational balance, activity level, and quality of life scores when compared with a care-as-usual group. However, it is unclear whether care context and socio-demographic, clinical and self-related factors at baseline also influence the results. Thus, the aim of the current study was to explore whether such factors could predict clinically important improvements in occupational and quality of life aspects. METHODS: Participants were interviewed and filled out self-report questionnaires before starting the 16-week intervention (n = 133), upon completion (n = 100), and 6 months following (n = 89). Bi-variate and multi-variate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Several baseline factors were associated with clinically important improvements, but few predictors were found in the multivariate analyses. Having children was found to be a predictor of improvement in occupational engagement at BEL completion, but reduced the chance of belonging to the group with clinically important improvement in activity level at follow-up. Regarding occupational balance, having a close friend predicted belonging to the group with clinically important improvement in the leisure domain. At BEL completion, other predictors for improvements were female gender for the self-care domain, and self-esteem for the home chores domain. At follow-up, psychosocial functioning and lower education level predicted general balance. None of the factors explored in this study were found to be predictors for improvements in quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Few of the studied care context, socio-demographic, clinical and self-related factors were found to predict clinically important improvements in occupational engagement, activity level, occupational balance, or QOL. This study, together with previous studies showing positive results, suggests that BEL can be an appropriate intervention in both community and clinical settings, and can support improvement in occupational aspects and QOL for participants with diverse socio-demographic, clinical, and self-related characteristics. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is part of a larger research project that is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. Reg. No. NCT02619318.
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| 9. |
- Lund, Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking a cycle of perceived failure : The process of making changes toward a more balanced lifestyle
- 2019
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Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : Wiley. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 66:5, s. 627-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) is a new lifestyle intervention for mental health services users, developed to support meaningful engagement in daily activities and a balanced lifestyle. This study aimed at exploring the BEL participants’ process of making lifestyle changes. Methods: This constructivist grounded theory study took place in Sweden from 2013–2017 and explored the processes of 19 BEL participants when making lifestyle changes. Data were collected through 29 interviews. Results: A process of breaking a cycle of perceived failure and making changes toward a more balanced lifestyle was constructed, consisting of five categories: Going at it gently: change is an on-going process; Support for progress, permission to fail; Prioritising and setting boundaries; Adjusting for a sustainable balance; and Caring for a valued self. Each category included a strategy for change as well as a related inner change. Strategies involved learning and trying techniques for making changes toward a more balanced lifestyle, whereas the personal changes often involved a more self-compassionate approach and allowing oneself to utilise these techniques. Conclusion: The results contribute to knowledge in the process of making lifestyle changes, specifically, how strategies for change and inner changes interact and can support personal recovery toward mental health. This knowledge could help to support clients in making personally meaningful changes toward a more balanced lifestyle as well as inform future research in the process of making change.
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| 10. |
- Lund, Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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Joining, belonging, and re-valuing : a process of meaning-making through group participation in a mental health lifestyle intervention
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 26:1, s. 55-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Balancing Everyday Life (BEL), a new group-based intervention for mental health service users, was implemented in Sweden. Mental health service users often experience group interventions as meaningful, but knowledge of the process of meaning-making in a group is lacking. Aim: To explore participants’ perceptions of the group in the Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) lifestyle intervention; specifically, personal experiences of what brings meaning when participating in a group. Methods: This qualitative Grounded Theory study included 26 interviews with 19 BEL participants. Results: A process of meaning-making in a group was constructed: Joining with others: from feeling alone to connected, A sense of belonging: mutual support and understanding, and Re-valuing Self: respect and self-worth. No longer feeling alone contributed to meaning. Peers and group leaders were considered important parts of the group, and participants appreciated feeling understood, respected, and helping others. Conclusion: The proposed process of meaning-making, as well as ‘Joining’ as a unique step, seems to be new contributions which could help practitioners when organizing groups. Overcoming fear of joining could break a cycle of isolation and lead to connecting and belonging. The value of participants finding purpose through helping others should be further explored.
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