| 1. |
- Englund, Anna-Lena, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
-
Värdegrunden reducerad till metod
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Pedagogiska magasinet. - Stockholm : Lärarförbundet. - 1401-3320. ; 13:4, s. 18-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det behövs en etisk vändning i diskussionen om främjande och förebyggande program. Alltför stort intresse riktas mot frågan om evidens och effektivitet och alltför lite intresse riktas mot värdefrågorna. Vad innebäör det för lärarens professionalism om manualstyrda aktiviteter ersätter samtal och samspel?
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Systematic studies of highly excited Rydberg states in ions with two valance electrons
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 39:12, s. 2815-2826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method, based on the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock approach, for ab initio calculations of Rydberg states has been developed. The method has been tested for a number of highly excited Rydberg states, with quantum numbers l = 4 - 8 and n <= 9, in Mg-like and Be-like ions. The results are compared with Hartree-Fock calculations to investigate the influence of correlation and, to a lesser extent, relativistic effects. The theoretical spectra for Cl VI and the lifetimes of the 2s6g-levels in O V are in excellent agreement with experimental results. More limited calculations have also been done for some Rydberg series in S V and Ar VII to illustrate the changing influence of perturbers along the isoelectronic sequence. The difficulties of using isoelectronic extrapolation/interpolation in making predictions for this kind of systems are discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Balogh, Istvan, et al.
(författare)
-
Increasing the Degree of Automation in a Production System: Consequences for the physical workload
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8219 .- 0169-8141. ; 36:4, s. 353 - 365
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the continuous development of production systems work-related musculoskeletal disorders is still a large problem. One reason might be the difficulties in quantifying the ergonomic effects of interventions. In this paper ergonomic consequences of technical and organisational changes were quantified in a plant for producing slats for parquet flooring. Muscle activity, work postures and movements were assessed for neck/shoulders and upper limb by direct technical measurements at three generations of production lines. The physical workload for 31 operators at the manual, semi-automated and automated line was derived based on all existing work tasks. The work was characterised by moderate muscular loads, the 50th percentiles being 1.2-3.8%MVE for the neck/shoulder muscles, high repetitiveness and constant movements of the hands and a high prevalence of neck/shoulder disorders. There were statistically significant differences considering exposure levels between the work tasks within each line as well as between the lines. The semi-automated line implied reduced muscular load for all muscles registered but more constrained work postures. The automated line, on the other hand, required higher skills, offered less constrained postures, lower loads and repetitiveness for the hands as well as frequent changes between different physical load levels. Relevance to industry: When designing or redesigning production systems, technical solutions are often used to obtain 'beneficial' ergonomic conditions, implying a strive for low physical workloads. However, there is a risk that this might lead to more constrained physical activities. Possibilities for job enlargement must be thoroughly utilised. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
- Blomquist, Bo, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Utvärdering av Volvo Lastvagnars monteringsfabrik för hyttillverkning i Umeå
- 2005
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Consumer report (“avnämarrapport” in Swedish) for the company in question which is financed by the company (through the Swedish Metall Workers Union, Metall) and partly also by a research foundation. It is a matter of combined data collection (collections of company data, interviews, questionnaire surveys, video-registration, etc.). In this case, was e.g. two so-called total surveys of all blue-collar employees dealing with assembly work. The problem area (or research question) was focused on a conversion back to assembly line work. Before was an early sort of, less sociotechnically advanced, parallel workgroups practiced) not the far more sociotechnically advanced alternatives to assembly line work that was at hand at the defunct Volvo Automobile AB:s plant located in Uddevalla or the so-called assembly docks located in the Volvo Truck AB:s plant in Tuve (i.e. the sole two real-life assembly system of this very calibre). This was actually wage owner consultant initiative performed with Logistic and Transportation as the sole base (no private consulting). It was a matter of combined data collection (collections of company data, interviews, questionnaire surveys, video-registration, etc. among other this thereby prospection many of our scientific methods developed during several decades. For example, involving two so-called total surveys of all blue-collar employees dealing with assembly work. The authors and their other colleagues were thus, in many respects, using a wide repertoire of scientific methods.
|
|
| 5. |
- Cheng, Junping, et al.
(författare)
-
Radioimmunotherapy with astatine-211 using chimeric monoclonal antibody U36 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- 2007
-
Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - 0023-852X .- 1531-4995. ; 117:6, s. 1013-1018
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: In advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), there is a need for an adjuvant treatment. We aim to evaluate the biodistribution and therapeutic effect of radioimmunotherapy using the alpha emitting, astatine-211-labeled, chimeric monoclonal antibody U36 (U36) on the HNSCC cell line UT-SCC7 in vivo. STUDY DESIGN: Xenograft tumors were inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice. Astatine-211-labeled U36 was injected intravenously with or without blocking of target with nonlabeled U36. METHODS: In the biodistribution experiments, radioactivity was measured in tumors and various organs at set time points. In the therapeutic experiments, two groups (with or without blocking) received therapy, and the tumor growth was compared with that of controls. In addition, one group received nonlabeled U36 only. RESULTS: The biodistribution experiments demonstrated that astatine-211-labeled U36 could target UT-SCC7 xenografts in nude mice. With time, uptake increased in tumors and decreased in normal organs. Nonlabeled U36 did not influence tumor growth. In the two therapy groups, 18 of 20 tumors responded to therapy by decreasing or stabilizing their volumes. Significant difference was seen between the treated groups and the controls (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The study illustrates the specific binding of astatine-211-labeled U36 to HNSCC and suggests radioimmunotherapy with the alpha emitting radionuclide to be a useful treatment modality.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ekberg, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical impact of positron emission tomography (PET) with (18F)fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in head and neck tumours
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 127:2, s. 186-193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion. PET plays an important role in staging, on suspicion of recurrence and for detection of occult primary tumours in the head and neck. Objective: Since 1998 we have used positron emission tomography (PET) with (F-18)fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to assess selected patients. This procedure has often helped in making decisions on staging and treatment. Patients and methods. The case records of the first 80 patients (104 PET examinations) were studied retrospectively. Results. A total of 39 examinations were performed for staging. PET detected all primary tumours except two (stage T1), and staging was adjusted after 13%. In all, 33 PET examinations were performed on suspicion of recurrent tumour. In 52% of these PET determined further treatments; in 21% PET had a direct impact on the surgical planning. In 18 patients with metastases from an occult primary tumour, PET detected 39% of those tumours; in 22% it was the sole modality to do so. No recurrences or second primary tumours were detected when PET was used for follow-up of clinically cured patients. Results were similar when squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were considered alone as compared to the complete material. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV) was higher for cases deemed tumour-positive than in negative cases.
|
|
| 7. |
- Engström, Linda, 1976-
(författare)
-
Inflammation-Induced Gene Expression in Brain and Adrenal Gland
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The autonomic nervous system serves to maintain a constant inner environment, a process termed homeostasis. Thus, in response to the homeostatic challenge posed by infectious agents, the autonomic nervous system answers to signals from the immune system and elicits adaptive physiological and behavioral reactions. These so called sickness responses include fever, anorexia, hyperalgesia, social avoidance, and the release of stress hormones.Neuropeptides, used in the communication between neurons, are because of their release properties and sustained actions likely mediators of homeostatic responses. The enkephalinergic system constitutes one of the largest neuropeptidergic systems in the brain, but its involvement in inflammatory conditions has been little studied. We first examined the immune-induced activation of the parabrachial nucleus (paper I), an enkephalinergic autonomic relay center in the brain stem. We found that intravenous injection of bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), activated the external lateral parabrachial subnucleus, as measured in terms of Fos expression, but that the enkephalinergic cell population in this subnucleus was largely separated from the LPS-activated neurons. Because Fos may not always be a reliable activity marker, we next examined by in situ hybridization the immune-induced expression of newly transcribed preproenkephalin (ppENK) heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA), which gives a direct indication of the utilization of enkephalin in a particular neuron (paper II). We detected induced expression of ppENK hnRNA in several autonomic structures in the brain, including the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) but not the parabrachial nucleus, indicating increased enkephalinergic signaling activity in the positively labeled structures during inflammatory condition. We then examined the projections of the immune-induced ppENK transcribing PVH neurons by injecting rats intraperitoneally with the retrograde tracer substance Fluoro-Gold, hence labeling neurons with axonal projections outside the blood-brain barrier, followed by systemic injection of LPS (paper III). Dual-labeling histochemical and hybridization techniques showed that the vast majority of the ppENK hnRNA expressing cells were hypophysiotropic cells, hence being involved in neuroendocrine regulation. These findings suggest that centrally produced enkephalin is involved in the coordination of the sickness responses during systemic immune challenge, including the modulation of the release of stress hormones or other hypothalamic hormones during inflammatory conditions.We next turned to the role of prostaglandins in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to inflammation. We injected mice deficient for the terminal prostaglandin (PG) E2 synthesizing enzyme mPGES-1 with LPS and studied their stress hormone release (paper IV). The genetically modified mice displayed attenuated plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone during the later phases of the HPA-axis response compared with wild type mice, and this impairment did not depend on a changed activation pattern in the brain, but instead correlated to an early decrease in corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA expression in the PVH, hence being the likely cause of the blunted ACTH and corticosterone responses at later time-points. Based on these findings we suggest that a neural, mPGES-1-independent pathway, and a humoral, mPGES-1-dependent pathway act in concert but in distinct temporal patterns to initiate and maintain the HPA-axis response during immune challenge.In addition to activating the central limb of the HPA-axis, inflammatory mediators have been suggested to act directly on the adrenal gland to induce the release of corticosterone, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. We examined adrenal tissue isolated from rats injected with LPS or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (paper V), and found that immune stimulation resulted in dynamic changes in the adrenal immune cell population, implying a rapid depletion of dendritic cells in the inner cortical layer and the recruitment of immature cells to the outer layers. These changes were accompanied by an induced production of IL-1β and IL-1 receptor type 1, as well as of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and mPGES-1 in these cells, implying local cytokine-mediated PGE2 production in the adrenals, which also displayed EP1 and EP3 receptors in the cortex and medulla. Additional mechanistic studies using an IL-1 receptor antagonist showed that IL-1β acts locally to affect its own synthesis, as well as that of cyclooxygenase-2. Taken together these data demonstrate a mechanism by which systemic inflammatory agents activate an intrinsically regulated local signaling circuit that may influence the adrenals’ response to immune stress and may help explain the dissociation between plasma levels of ACTH and corticosteroids during chronic immune perturbations.
|
|
| 8. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
Alternativ montering
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Chukyo Keiei Kenkyu (academic japanese journal). ; 18:1, s. 73 - 153
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A translation into Japanese of the three authors’’ book written for and financed by the Swedish Metal Workers Union (IF Metall is Swedish). Namely, “Alternativ montering. Principer och erfarenheter från fordonsindustrin”, Engström, Jonnsson and Medbo 2005). Which was financed by this organization (i.e. Metall), and which summarizes the authors’’ insights and experiences in more popular terms (used for this organization’s education, as well as made available on their website) (see other publications registered in Chalmers Public library CPL).
|
|
| 9. |
- Engström, Tomas, 1950, et al.
(författare)
-
Alternativ montering – Principer och erfarenheter från fordonsindustrin
- 2005
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book was written for and financed by the Swedish metal workers union (IF Metall is Swedish). And, it summarizes the authors’’ insights and experiences regarding assembly work within the Swedish automotive industry in more popular terms (it was used for this organization’s education, as well as made available on their public website). And, this book features a preface written by the official head (chairman) of the organisation (Göran Johnsson Metall).
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
