| 1. |
- Eriksson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative membrane proteomics applying narrow range peptide isoelectric focusing for studies of small cell lung cancer resistance mechanisms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 28:5C, s. 3275-3276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drug resistance is often associated with upregulation of membrane-associated drug-efflux systems, and thus global membrane proteomics methods are valuable tools in the search for novel components of drug resistance phenotypes. Herein we have compared the microsomal proteome from the lung cancer cell line H69 and its isogenic Doxorubicin-resistant subcell line H69AR. The method used includes microsome preparation, iTRAQ labeling followed by narrow range peptide IEF in an immobilized pH-gradient (IPG-IEF) and LC-MS/MS analysis. We demonstrate that the microsomal preparation and iTRAQ labeling is reproducible regarding protein content and composition. The rationale using narrow range peptide IPG-IEF separation is demonstrated by its ability to: (i) lowering the complexity of the sample by two-thirds while keeping high proteome coverage (96%), (ii) providing high separation efficiency, and (iii) allowing for peptide validation and possibly identifications of post-transcriptional modifications. After analyzing one-fifth of the IEF fractions (effective pH range of 4.0-4.5), a total of 3704 proteins were identified, among which 527 were predicted to be membrane proteins. One of the proteins found to be differentially expressed was Serca 2, a calcium pump located in the ER membrane that potentially could result in changes of apoptotic response toward Doxorubicin.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars
- 2008
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 486:3, s. 951-970
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. In analyses of stellar spectra and colours, and for the analysis of integrated light from galaxies, a homogeneous grid of model atmospheres of late-type stars and corresponding flux spectra is needed. Aims. We construct an extensive grid of spherically-symmetric models (supplemented with plane-parallel ones for the highest surface gravities), built on up-to-date atomic and molecular data, and make it available for public use. Methods. The most recent version of the MARCS program is used. Results. We present a grid of about 104 model atmospheres for stars with 2500K <= T-eff <= 8000 K, -1 <= log g = log (GM/R-2) <= 5 (cgs) with various masses and radii, -5 <= [Me/H] <= + 1, with [alpha/Fe] = 0.0 and 0.4 and different choices of C and N abundances. This includes "CN-cycled" models with C/N=4.07 (solar), 1.5 and 0.5, C/O ranging from 0.09 to (normally) 5.0 to also represent stars of spectral types R, S and N, and with 1.0 <= xi(t) = 5km s(-1). We also list thermodynamic quantities (T, P-g, P-e, rho, partial pressures of molecules, etc.) and provide them on the World Wide Web, as well as calculated fluxes in approximately 108 000 wavelength points. Underlying assumptions in addition to 1D stratification (spherical or plane-parallel) include hydrostatic equilibrium, mixing-length convection and local thermodynamic equilibrium. We discuss a number of general properties of the models, in particular in relation to the effects of changing abundances, of blanketing, and of sphericity. We illustrate positive and negative feedbacks between sphericity and molecular blanketing. We compare the models with those of other available grids and find excellent agreement with planeparallel models of Castelli & Kurucz (if convection is treated consistently) within the overlapping parameter range. Although there are considerable departures from the spherically-symmetric NextGen models, the agreement with more recent PHOENIX models is gratifying. Conclusions. The models of the grid show considerable regularities, but some interesting departures from general patterns occur for the coolest models due to the molecular opacities. We have tested a number of approximate "rules of thumb" concerning effects of blanketing and sphericity and often found them to be astonishingly accurate. Some interesting new phenomena have been discovered and explored, such as the intricate coupling between blanketing and sphericity, and the strong effects of carbon enhancement on metal-poor models. We give further details of line absorption data for molecules, as well as details of models and comparisons with observations in subsequent papers.
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| 3. |
- Janson, Staffan, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Äldre i Värmland : Om hälsa, levnadsvanor och livssituation 2006
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Landstinget har i samarbete med Karlstads universitet gjort flera befolkningsundersökningar i Värmland och publicerat rapporter om både den vuxna befolkningens och barns hälsa, senast med rapporten Värmlänningarnas Liv och Hälsa 2004. Någon befolkningsstudie av de äldres hälsa och livsvillkor har dock inte gjorts tidigare.Efter tre års förarbeten och samråd mellan landstinget, Värmlands kommuner och flera institutioner vid Karlstads universitet genomfördes den föreliggande studien av de äldres hälsa under senhösten 2006, i form av en omfattande postenkät. Urvalet utgjordes av 2500 slumpmässigt uttagna kvinnor och män som var 80 år eller äldre. Svarsfrekvensen var 60 procent, vilket får betraktas som mycket bra med tanke på att cirka 15 procent i denna åldersgrupp lever i särskilda boenden.Studien avspeglar således hälsan och livsvillkoren för de äldre. Överlag visar det sig att de äldre mår bra och har stor kapacitet att fungera som aktiva samhällsmedborgare. Samtidigt är det många som har kroniska besvär, med värk, syn- och hörselnedsättning, inkontinensbesvär etc. Det föreligger också en klar social gradient, där särskilt äldre kvinnor med arbetarbakgrund har både mer sjukdom och större ekonomiska problem än de övriga.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Molarius, Anu, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health symptoms in relation to socio-economic conditions and lifestyle factors : a population-based study in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 9, s. 302-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Poor mental health has large social and economic consequences both for the individual and society. In Sweden, the prevalence of mental health symptoms has increased since the beginning of the 1990s. There is a need for a better understanding of the area for planning preventive activities and health care. Methods: The study is based on a postal survey questionnaire sent to a random sample of men and women aged 18-84 years in 2004. The overall response rate was 64%. The area investigated covers 55 municipalities with about one million inhabitants in central part of Sweden. The study population includes 42,448 respondents. Mental health was measured with self-reported symptoms of anxiety/depression (EQ-5D, 5th question). The association between socio-economic conditions, lifestyle factors and mental health symptoms was investigated using multivariate multinomial logistic regression models. Results: About 40% of women and 30% of men reported that they were moderately or extremely anxious or depressed. Younger subjects reported poorer mental health than older subjects, the best mental health was found at ages 65-74 years. Factors that were strongly and independently related to mental health symptoms were poor social support, experiences of being belittled, employment status (receiving a disability pension and unemployment), economic hardship, critical life events, and functional disability. A strong association was also found between how burdensome domestic work was experienced and anxiety/depression. This was true for both men and women. Educational level was not associated with mental health symptoms. Of lifestyle factors, physical inactivity, underweight and risk consumption of alcohol were independently associated with mental health symptoms. Conclusion: Our results support the notion that a ground for good mental health includes balance in social relations, in domestic work and in employment as well as in personal economy both among men and women. In addition, physical inactivity, underweight and risk consumption of alcohol are associated with mental health symptoms independent of socio-economic factors.
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| 6. |
- Tillfors, Maria, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Treating university students with social phobia and public speaking fears : Internet delivered self-help with or without live group exposure sessions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Depression and anxiety (Print). - : Hindawi Limited. - 1091-4269 .- 1520-6394. ; 25:8, s. 708-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This study investigated the efficacy of an Internet-based self-help program with minimal therapist contact via e-mail for Swedish university students with social phobia and public speaking fears. The main objective was to test if the Internet-based self-help program would be more effective if five live group exposure sessions were added. METHODS: Thirty-eight students meeting the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition criteria for social phobia were randomized into two different treatment groups: Internet delivered cognitive behavior therapy combined with five group exposure sessions (ICBT+ exp) or the Internet program alone (ICBT). RESULTS: Results were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Both treatment groups showed significant improvement from pre- to post-test, and from pre-test to 1-year follow-up, on all measured dimensions (social anxiety, general anxiety, depression levels, and quality of life). For both the groups, the average within-group effect sizes for the primary social anxiety scales, expressed as Cohen's d, were comparable to those seen in traditionally administered cognitive behavioral therapy both at post-test and at 1- year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the Internet-based self-help program on its own is efficient in the treatment of university students with social phobia. Adding group exposure sessions did not improve the outcome significantly.
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| 7. |
- VandenBerg, Don A., et al.
(författare)
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A Constraint on Zsolar from Fits of Isochrones to the Color-Magnitude Diagram of M67
- 2007
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 666:2, s. L105-L108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mass at which a transition is made between stars that have radiative or convective cores throughout the core H burning phase is a fairly sensitive function of Z (particularly, the CNO abundances). As a consequence, the ~4 Gyr, open cluster M67 provides a constraint on Zsolar (and the solar heavy-element mixture) because (1) high-resolution spectroscopy indicates that this system has virtually the same metal abundances as the Sun, and (2) its turnoff stars have masses just above the lower limit for sustained core convection on the main sequence. In this study, evolutionary tracks and isochrones using the latest MARCS model atmospheres as boundary conditions have been computed for 0.6-1.4 Msolar on the assumption of a metals mix (implying Zsolar~0.0125) based on the solar abundances derived by M. Asplund and collaborators using 3D model atmospheres. These calculations do not predict a turnoff gap where one is observed in M67. No such difficulty is found if the analysis uses isochrones for Zsolar=0.0165, assuming the Grevesse and Sauval mix of heavy elements. Our findings, like the inferences from helioseismology, indicate a problem with the abundances of Asplund and collaborators. However, it is possible that low-Z models with diffusive processes taken into account will be less problematic.
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| 8. |
- Vandenberg, Don A., et al.
(författare)
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On Stellar Models with Blanketed Atmospheres as Boundary Conditions
- 2007
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Ingår i: Stellar Populations as Building Blocks of Galaxies. ; , s. 23-27
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The impact on the predicted Teff scale of using the latest MARCS model atmospheres, instead of a fixed atmospheric structure (e.g., the gray T–τ relation) is examined. The former were fitted to stellar interior models at both the photosphere and at τ = 100 to determine the sensitivity of evolutionary tracks and isochrones for [Fe/H] = 0.0 and −2.0 to the chosen fitting point. In the case of solar abundances, the Teff of the giant branch varied by up to 100–150 K, depending on how the outer layers were treated. Much smaller variations were found for metal-poor giants (or main-sequence stars). Interestingly, models for the low solar Z favored by Asplund et al. (Z=0.0125) were unable to reproduce the gap near the turnoff in the C-M diagram of the old open cluster M 67, in contrast to models that assume Z=0.0188.
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| 9. |
- VandenBerg, Don A., et al.
(författare)
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On the use of blanketed atmospheres as boundary conditions for stellar evolutionary models
- 2008
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 675:1, s. 746-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stellarmodels have been computed for stars having [Fe/H] = 0.0 (assuming both the Grevesse & Sauval and Asplund et al. heavy-element mixtures) and -2.0 to determine the effects on the predicted T-eff scale of using boundary conditions derived from the latest MARCS model atmospheres. The latter were fitted in a fully consistent way to the interior models at the photosphere and at tau = 100: the resultant evolutionary sequences on the H-R diagram were found to be nearly independent of the chosen fitting point. Tracks were also computed in which the pressure at T = T-eff was obtained by integrating the hydrostatic equation together with either the classical gray T(tau, T-eff) relation or that derived by Krishna Swamy from an empirical solar atmosphere. Due to the effects of differences in the solar-calibrated values of the mixing-length parameter, alpha(MLT), very similar tracks were obtained for the different treatments of the atmosphere, except at solar abundances, where the models based on the Krishna Swamy T(tau, T-eff) relationship predicted similar to 150 K hotter giant branches than the others, in good agreement with the inferred temperatures of giants in the open cluster M67 from recent (V - K) -T-eff relations. Tracks that used new "scaled solar, differentially corrected'' MARCS atmospheres were found to agree well with those that employed the Krishna Swamy T(tau, T-eff) relationship, independently of the assumed metal abundance. (Gray atmospheres are quite different from MARCS models.) Fits of isochrones for [Fe/H] = -2.0 to the CMD of the globular cluster M68, as well as the possibility that alpha(MLT) varies with stellar parameters, are also discussed.
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| 10. |
- Wahlin, Rurik, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon stars in the Bulge -- or beyond it?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Why Galaxies Care About AGB Stars: Their Importance as Actors and Probes.. - 9781583813188 ; , s. 410-415
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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