| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Aardal-Eriksson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
-
Salivary cortisol, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and general health in the acute phase and during 9-month follow-up
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 50:12, s. 986-993
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Because traumatic events are unpredictable, there are few studies of psychobiological states immediately following such events. Our study aimed to determine the relation of salivary cortisol to psychologic distress immediately after a traumatic event and then during follow-up.Methods: Measurement of morning and evening salivary cortisol and ratings of psychologic distress (using the Impact of Events Scale [IES], the Post Traumatic Symptom Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire) were performed with 31 United Nations soldiers at three time points—5 days and 2 and 9 months—following a mine accident in Lebanon.Results: Five days after the accident, 15 subjects reported substantial posttraumatic distress according to the IES, as well as significantly lower morning and higher evening cortisol levels compared with the low-impact group. Within 9 months, the posttraumatic distress of the high-impact group was reduced, accompanied by an increase in morning and a decrease in evening cortisol levels. There were significant relationships between evening cortisol and all rating scales at the first and third time points.Conclusions: Subclinical posttraumatic stress following an adverse event can be measured biologically via salivary cortisol levels soon after the event.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Stygar, Denis, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator) treatment on growth and proliferation in the rat uterus
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1477-7827. ; 1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed in order to create means to control estrogenic effects on different tissues. A major drawback in treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer with the antagonist tamoxifen (TAM) is its agonistic effect in the endometrium. Raloxifene (RAL) is the next generation of SERMs where the agonistic effect on the endometrium has been reduced.Methods: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of SERM treatment on the uterus, as assessed by proliferation markers and several factors involved in uterine growth. Ovariectomized (ovx) rats were treated with estradiol (E2), tamoxifen (TAM), RAL, ICI182780 (ICI) or vehicle (OVX-controls). We studied the effects on mRNA levels of the growth hormone (GH) receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), ERalpha and ERbeta. In addition, by immunohistochemistry the proliferation markers PCNA and Ki-67, as well as ERalpha and ERbeta, were detected.Results: The uterine weight of the rats treated with E2 or TAM was increased as compared to OVX-controls. The uterine GH-receptor mRNA level was highest in the E2 treated animals. In ICI treated rats no GH-receptor mRNA could be detected. The IGF-I mRNA level increased 16-fold in uteri of the TAM treated group and 9-fold in the E2 treated rats as compared to OVX-controls. The ERalpha mRNA level was increased in the E2 treated rats, while the ERbeta mRNA level was increased after TAM treatment. The proliferation, as assessed by PCNA, was lowest in ICI treated animals.Conclusions: The uterine wet weight, the LE height and the GH-receptor mRNA levels showed similar patterns, indicating that GH is involved in the regulation of uterine weight. Tamoxifen, which has been related to increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma in women, dramatically increased IGF-I mRNA levels in rat uterus. Since proliferation was not higher in TAM and E2 treated rats than in OVX controls, this assay of simple, early proliferation does not give the full explanation of why TAM should enhance the risk of developing endometrial cancer.
|
|
| 5. |
- Aardal-Eriksson, Elisabeth
(författare)
-
Salivary cortisol and posttraumatic stress reactions : methodological and applied studies before and after trauma
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The field of psychotraumatology has its roots in ancient history. During the past decades, the surveillance of the psychobiological background of reactions to and consequences of traumatic stress has made great progress and the complexity of the human stress response system stands out. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activity, modulated by various neuroimmunological substances, seems to play a major role in the stress response. However, there are still inconsistencies in explanations of relationships between biological and psychological changes following traumatic stress. Moreover, the matter of predictive factors for the development of posttraumatic morbidity is still in a speculative phase.The aims of the present thesis were to further develop a commercial serum cortisol radioimmunoassay (RIA) for determination of cortisol in saliva and to test its reliability, specificity and sensitivity as a biochemical assay. The saliva sampling procedures and sample storage stability were also to be tested. Further issues were to investigate determinations of salivary cortisol and serum prolactin in relation to selfratings of posttraumatic psychological distress and general psychological health. Possible predictive and concurrent validity of salivary cortisol as a biochemical marker for posttraumatic psychological distress were to be tested.Cortisol is present in saliva mainly in non-protein form, representing the free, biologically active fraction of the total plasma cortisol concentration. In a first phase of the present thesis, the commercial serum cortisol RIA was modified for determination of cortisol in saliva. The relation between salivary and serum cortisol concentrations was tested. Reference ranges at 8 AM and 10 PM for the salivary cortisol assay were established from 195 healthy subjects. Salivary cortisol concentrations were tested in relation to serum cortisol in estimating adrenocortical function during endocrine dynamic function tests in 37 patients and 13 healthy controls. In testing salivary cortisol as a marker for stress for fieldwork use, a screening study was performed on 66 male rescue workers. Salivary cortisol at 8 AM and 10 PM and serum prolactin were determined and general psychological health and posttraumatic psychological distress were estimated with the self-rating scales General Health Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale and Posttraumatic Symptom Scale. These scales were used in the second phase of the thesis. Three applied follow-up studies were performed with sampling of salivary cortisol and self-ratings: (a) a study of 31 UN-soldiers five days, two and nine months after a mine accident; (b) a study of 145 UN-soldiers before, at return, and two and six month after a six month mission. (c) a study of 101 UN-soldiers six and twelve months after a six month mission with severe combat exposure.The results from the present thesis indicate that the modified method of salivary cortisol determination possesses sufficient precision, accuracy, sample storage stability and procedural advantages for laboratory, clinical and field application. Moreover, it possesses moderate predictive information and moderate to high concurrent validity as a biochemical marker for posttraumatic psychological distress.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Azad, AK, et al.
(författare)
-
Nuclear and magnetic structure of Ca2MnWO6: A neutron powder diffraction study
- 2001
-
Ingår i: MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN. - 0025-5408. ; 36:13-14, s. 2485-2496
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nuclear and magnetic structures of the double provskite compound Ca2MnWO6 have been determined by neutron powder diffraction. Rietveld refinement shows that the compound adopts a monoclinic crystal structure with P2(1)/n symmetry. Magnetic refinement
|
|
| 9. |
- Azad, AK, et al.
(författare)
-
Preparation, Crystal and Magnetic Structure of the Double Perovskite Ba2FeWO6
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. ; A 74, s. S763-765
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-phase polycrystalline material of the double perovskite Ba2FeWO6 was prepared and characterized by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). The crystal structure was tetragonal with lattice parameters a=b=5.7479(4) Å and c=8.1444(9) Å at room temperature (295 K). NPD data at 10 K shows the evidence of an antiferromagnetic ordering of the Fe atoms. The reverse Monte Carlo powder (RMCPOW) technique was used to find the magnetic structure, which showed that it is based on a unit cell related to that of the nuclear structure by the propagation vector 0 \frac[¯]1[¯][¯]2[¯] \frac[¯]1[¯][¯]2[¯] . An ordering of collinear spins was found with alternate layers in the c-direction or in the a-b plane. The model was checked by Rietveld refinement and the magnetic moment of iron was found to be 3.39(2)7B at 10 K.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
