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Sökning: WFRF:(Eriksson J. W.) > (2000-2004)

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1.
  • Rajan-Sithamparanadarajah, R, et al. (författare)
  • Patterns of dermal exposure to hazardous substances in European union workplaces.
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Annals of Occupational Hygiene. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0003-4878 .- 1475-3162. ; 48:3, s. 285-97
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Workplace dermal exposure assessment is a complex task that aims to understand the dynamic interaction between the skin and the hazardous substances present in the surrounding environment. A European project known as RISKOFDERM gathered dermal exposure data in 85 workplaces (industrial and other types) in five countries in Europe. In order to optimize data collection and to develop a representative picture of dermal exposure, scenarios (tasks made up of a series of activities) were grouped together into dermal exposure operation units (DEOs). The allocation of scenarios to relevant DEOs was achieved on the basis of similarities of exposure routes, tasks and professional judgement. Sampling and quantification procedures were based on the approaches recommended by the OECD protocol. The laboratories involved in the analysis of the samples participated in quality assurance programmes. This exercise resulted in 419 body measurements and 437 measurements on hands expressed in terms of formulation (product) in use. Exposures for a given scenario varied by several orders of magnitude. The extent and patterns of exposure were found to be dependent on various exposure determinants, including inter- and intra-scenario variations. Hands were found to be the most contaminated parts of the body. Exposure patterns for liquid and solid contaminants were different. On the basis of the analysis of the data presented here, the averaged results (median and 95th percentile) for a given DEO unit should not be used as a representative measure of dermal exposure for all scenarios within that DEO without taking the exposure determinants into account. However, the data could be used to develop an exposure matrix (indicative exposure distributions) for different types of scenario and workplace, using determinants of exposure and a Bayesian approach to integrating expert opinion.
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  • Gennari, J.H., et al. (författare)
  • The evolution of Protégé : An environment for knowledge-based systems development
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: International journal of human-computer studies. - 1071-5819 .- 1095-9300. ; 58:1, s. 89-123
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Protégé project has come a long way since Mark Musen first built the Protégé meta-tool for knowledge-based systems in 1987. The original tool was a small application, aimed at building knowledge-acquisition tools for a few specialized programs in medical planning. From this initial tool, the Protégé system has evolved into a durable, extensible platform for knowledge-based systems development and research. The current version, Protégé-2000, can be run on a variety of platforms, supports customized user-interface extensions, incorporates the Open Knowledge-Base Connectivity (OKBC) knowledge model, interacts with standard storage formats such as relational databases, XML, and RDF, and has been used by hundreds of individuals and research groups. In this paper, we follow the evolution of the Protégé project through three distinct re-implementations. We describe our overall methodology, our design decisions, and the lessons we have learned over the duration of the project. We believe that our success is one of infrastructure: Protégé is a flexible, well-supported, and robust development environment. Using Protégé, developers and domain experts can easily build effective knowledge-based systems, and researchers can explore ideas in a variety of knowledge-based domains. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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6.
  • Eriksson, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Lobe cell convection and field-aligned currents poleward of the region 1 current system
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 107:A8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • [1] We present a case and statistical study of plasma convection in the Northern Hemisphere during summer conditions using electric field, magnetic field, and particle data taken during dawn-dusk directed orbits of the FAST satellite. To our knowledge, this set provides the most comprehensive combination of data as yet presented in support of lobe cell convection from an ionospheric perspective this far from the noon sector. In particular, we study the current systems and convection patterns for all passes in July 1997 that show evidence for six large-scale field-aligned currents (FACs) rather than the usual system of four FACs associated with the region 1/region 2 current systems. A total of 71 passes out of 232 in the study had the extra pair of FACs. The extra pair of FACs in 30 of the 71 cases lies either on the dawnside or on the duskside of the noon-midnight meridian, and their position is strongly correlated with the polarity of the IMF By (negative and positive, respectively). This is consistent with the IMF dependence of a three-cell convection pattern of coexisting merging, viscous, and lobe-type convection cells. The occurrence of the asymmetric FAC pair was also strongly linked to conditions of IMF |B-y/B-z | > 1. The extra pair of FACs in these cases was clearly associated with the lobe cell of the three-cell convection system. The remaining 41 cases had the pair of FACs straddling the noon-midnight meridian. The extra pair of FACs was often (20 cases out of 30) observed at magnetic local times more than three hours away from noon, rather than being confined to regions near noon and the typical location of the cusp. Such a current system consisting of a pair of FACs poleward of the nearest region 1 current is consistent with the IMF B-y-dependent global MHD model developed by Ogino et al. [1986] for southward IMF conditions, as well as with other magnetospheric and ionospheric convection models that include the effects of merging occuring simultaneously at both low-latitude dayside and high-latitude lobe and flank magnetopause reconnection sites. Finally, the presence of the additional FACs and three-cell convection well away from noon show that the entire dayside ionosphere is affected by IMF-dependent processes, rather than only a limited region around noon.
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  • Pundziute-Lyckå, A, et al. (författare)
  • The incidence of Type I diabetes has not increased but shifted to a younger age at diagnosis in the 0-34 years group in Sweden 1983-1998.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 45:6, s. 783-91
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To analyse the incidence of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden 1983-1998.METHODS: Incidence and cumulative incidence per 100 000 and Poisson regression analysis of age-period effects was carried out using 11 751 cases from two nation-wide prospective registers.RESULTS: Incidence (95%-CI) was 21.4 (20.8-21.9) in men and 17.1 (16.6-17.5) in women between 0 and 34 years of age. In boys aged 0-14 and girls aged 0-12 years the incidence increased over time, but it tended to decrease at older age groups, especially in men. Average cumulative incidence at 35 years was 748 in men and 598 in women. Cumulative incidence in men was rather stable during four 4-year periods (736, 732, 762, 756), while in women it varied more (592, 542, 617, 631). In males aged 0-34 years, the incidence did not vary between the 4-year periods ( p=0.63), but time changes among the 3-year age groups differed ( p<0.001). In females the incidence between the periods varied ( p<0.001), being lower in 1987-1990 compared to 1983-1986, but time changes in the age groups did not differ ( p=0.08). For both sexes median age at diagnosis was higher in 1983-1986 than in 1995-1998 ( p<0.001) (15.0 and 12.5 years in males; 11.9 and 10.4 in females, respectively).CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: During a 16-year period the incidence of Type I diabetes did not increase in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden, while median age at diagnosis decreased. A shift to younger age at diagnosis seems to explain the increasing incidence of childhood Type I diabetes.
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9.
  • Schölin, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Islet antibodies and remaining beta-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults : a prospective follow-up of the nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 255:3, s. 384-391
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • ObjectivesTo establish the prevalence of remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults and relate the findings to islet antibodies at diagnosis and 8 years later.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingNationwide from all Departments of Medicine and Endocrinology in Sweden.SubjectsA total of 312 young (15–34 years old) adults diagnosed with diabetes during 1987–88.Main outcome measurePlasma connecting peptide (C-peptide) 8 years after diagnosis. Preserved β-cell function was defined as measurable C-peptide levels. Three islet antibodies – cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies – were measured.ResultsAmongst 269 islet antibody positives (ab+) at diagnosis, preserved β-cell function was found in 16% (42/269) 8 years later and these patients had a higher body mass index (median 22.7 and 20.5 kg m−2, respectively; P = 0.0003), an increased frequency of one islet antibody (50 and 24%, respectively; P = 0.001), and a lower prevalence of ICA (55 and 6%, respectively; P = 0.007) at diagnosis compared with ab+ without remaining β-cell function. Amongst the 241 patients without detectable β-cell function at follow-up, 14 lacked islet antibodies, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.ConclusionsSixteen per cent of patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes had remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis whereas 5.8% with β-cell failure lacked islet autoimmunity, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.
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  • Schölin, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Normal weight promotes remission and low number of islet antibodies prolong the duration of remission in Type 1 diabetes
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 21:5, s. 447-455
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Aim To identify clinical, immunological and biochemical factors that predict remission, and its duration in a large cohort of young adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods In Sweden, 362 patients (15–34 years), classified as Type 1 DM were included in a prospective, nation-wide population-based study. All patients were followed at local hospitals for examination of HbA1c and insulin dosage over a median period after diagnosis of 5 years. Duration of remission, defined as an insulin maintenance dose ≤ 0.3 U/kg/24 h and HbA1c within the normal range, was analysed in relation to characteristics at diagnosis.Results Remissions were seen in 43% of the patients with a median duration of 8 months (range 1–73). Sixteen per cent had a remission with a duration > 12 months. Among patients with antibodies (ab+), bivariate analysis suggested that adult age, absence of low BMI, high plasma C-peptide concentrations, lack of ketonuria or ketoacidosis at diagnosis and low insulin dose at discharge from hospital were associated with a high possibility of achieving remission. Multiple regression showed that normal weight (BMI of 20–24.9 kg/m2) was the only factor that remained significant for the possibility of entering remission. In survival analysis among ab+ remitters, a low number of islet antibodies, one or two instead of three or four, were associated with a long duration of remissions.Conclusion In islet antibody-positive Type 1 DM, normal body weight was the strongest factor for entering remission, whilst a low number of islet antibodies was of importance for the duration.
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