| 1. |
- Fredriksson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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An Interactive Visualization Tool for Collaborative Construction Logistics Planning—Creating a Sustainable Project Vicinity
- 2022
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The intensity of urban development is presently high, creating a construction boom. The number of transports per project is a major consideration in urban goods transport and emissions from a project. Presently, the stakeholders take part in a “blame game” in assigning fault for the emissions from construction transport and the disturbances to society in the vicinity of construction sites. Incorporation of logistics into urban planning requires an increased understanding of the interaction between construction transport flows and urban land use, and the inclusion of different stakeholders. The purpose of the study is to support collaborative planning of construction transport in urban planning, and specifically to explore how a planning tool based on interactive visualization could be designed. An action research process has generated two prototypes of an interactive visualization tool for collaborative planning of construction transport. The prototype facilitates a “shared deliberation space” by identifying alternatives and assessing predicted consequences, which supports a collaborative urban planning process. Based on the research conducted, we claim that the responsibility of construction transport planning should be taken by the municipality, i.e., the urban planning and traffic planning functions. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 2. |
- Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Störningsfri stad : slutrapport i projektet Visualiserad byggtrafikplanering för en störningsfri stadsutveckling
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Störningsfri stad har kombinerat kunskaper inom Trafikplanering, Visualisering, Bygglogistik, Sensorer och Offentlig planering och styrning. Projektet har letts av Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för Teknik och Naturvetenskap och finansierats av Vinnova, IHS. Projektet har löpt mellan slutet av 2018 och 2021 ut. Projektdeltagare har varit VTI, RISE, Norrköpings kommun, Linköpings kommun, Stockholm stad, Uppsala kommun, Trafikverket Projekt Ostlänken, LE Lundbergs Fastigheter, Wiklunds Åkeri, Wellsec, SanktKors, Byggföretagen, Telenor och Logistikia.Projektet har utvecklat en verktygsprototyp som stöttar kollaborativ planering av byggtrafik och stadsplanering genom att visualisera pågående byggprojekts sammanlagda mängd transporter och var i staden (i form av en kartvy) det uppstår störningar i form av förseningar pga dessa. Verktyget bygger på en MATSim trafikmodell (i nuläget Norrköping) inkluderande både persontransporter (modellerat baserat på mobilnätsdata) och byggtrafik (modellerat baserat på data från bygglogistiklösningar). Med hjälp av verktyget kan olika scenarier för att minska störningarna av byggtransporter testas. För att stötta användandet av verktyget har en kollaborativ planeringsprocess som visar på hur de olika aktörerna involverade i planeringen av byggtransporter och stadsutveckling behöver interagera med varandra utvecklats. Projektet också deltagit i utvecklingen av en sensorbox (partiklar, luftfuktighet, temperatur och ljud) samt slangmätningsmetodik för att öka kunskapen om byggtransporter. Baserat på de resultat som projektet har behovsägarna har påbörjat arbeten med att bättre hantera de störningar som uppstår pga byggprojekt i staden.
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| 3. |
- Alm, Jens, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Är barn en del av det planerande kollektivet : En studie om inkludering av barn i planering av kollektivtrafik
- 2023
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet i denna rapport är att undersöka om och hur barn involveras i den regionala kollektivtrafikplaneringen. De vägledande frågorna för rapporten är följande:Hur har barnkonventionen påverkat arbetet i de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna?På vilka sätt och i vilka sammanhang inkluderas barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen?Vilka hinder och möjligheter finns för att involvera barn i kollektivtrafikplaneringen?Projektet inleddes med en litteraturstudie för att kartlägga det rådande internationella och nationella kunskapsläget i frågan om barn i kollektivtrafikplanering och, eftersom studier på specifikt det ämnet var ytterligt få, i samhällsplanering i stort. I ett andra skede av projektet genomfördes dels e-postenkäter och studier av 21 trafikförsörjningsprogram och andra relevanta dokument, dels sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tjänstepersoner på sex olika regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter.Sammanfattningsvis illustrerar projektet att barnkonventionens implementering i den svenska lagstiftningen inte inneburit större förändringar hos svenska regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter i det korta perspektiv som vi studerat. Detta på grund av flertalet orsaker: bristande stöd och vägledning från nationella myndigheter, politiska mål för kollektivtrafiken som inte inkluderar barn, barnperspektiv i planeringen som inte utvecklas till att också inkludera barnen.Projektet har bidragit med ny kunskap om barns mobilitet i relation till kollektivtrafiken.En viktig slutsats är att skoltrafik och linjelagd trafik är tätt sammanbundna ur ett barnsmobilitetsperspektiv och att planeringen av dessa därför också bör vara sammankoppladeför att ett barnrättsperspektiv i kollektivtrafiken på allvar ska kunna uppnås. Detta kräverkommunal och regional samordning, inte bara av trafikplaneringen, utan ocksåsamhällsplanering, så att barnens målpunkter kan vara försörjda av kollektivtrafik,särskild eller linjelagd.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Linus, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Neurocognitive processes underlying heuristic and normative probability judgments
- 2020
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In: Cognition. - : ELSEVIER. - 0010-0277 .- 1873-7838. ; 196, s. 1-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Judging two events in combination (A&B) as more probable than one of the events (A) is known as a conjunction fallacy. According to dual-process explanations of human judgment and decision making, the fallacy is due to the application of a heuristic, associative cognitive process. Avoiding the fallacy has been suggested to require the recruitment of a separate process that can apply normative rules. We investigated these assumptions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during conjunction tasks. Judgments, whether correct or not, engaged a network of brain regions identical to that engaged during similarity judgments. Avoidance of the conjunction fallacy additionally, and uniquely, involved a fronto-parietal network previously linked to supervisory, analytic control processes. The results lend credibility to the idea that incorrect probability judgments are the result of a representativeness heuristic that requires additional neurocognitive resources to avoid.
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| 5. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(author)
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Decreased COPD prevalence in Sweden after decades of decrease in smoking
- 2020
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In: Respiratory Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1465-9921 .- 1465-993X. ; 21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundCOPD has increased in prevalence worldwide over several decades until the first decade after the millennium shift. Evidence from a few recent population studies indicate that the prevalence may be levelling or even decreasing in some areas in Europe. Since the 1970s, a substantial and ongoing decrease in smoking prevalence has been observed in several European countries including Sweden. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors for COPD in the Swedish general population. A further aim was to estimate the prevalence trend of COPD in Northern Sweden from 1994 to 2009.MethodsTwo large random population samples were invited to spirometry with bronchodilator testing and structured interviews in 2009–2012, one in south-western and one in northern Sweden, n = 1839 participants in total. The results from northern Sweden were compared to a study performed 15 years earlier in the same area and age-span. The diagnosis of COPD required both chronic airway obstruction (CAO) and the presence of respiratory symptoms, in line with the GOLD documents since 2017. CAO was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70, with sensitivity analyses based on the FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normal (LLN) criterion.ResultsBased on the fixed ratio definition, the prevalence of COPD was 7.0% (men 8.3%; women 5.8%) in 2009–2012. The prevalence of moderate to severe (GOLD ≥ 2) COPD was 3.5%. The LLN based results were about 30% lower. Smoking, occupational exposures, and older age were risk factors for COPD, whereof smoking was the most dominating risk factor. In northern Sweden the prevalence of COPD, particularly moderate to severe COPD, decreased significantly from 1994 to 2009, and the decrease followed a decrease in smoking.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COPD has decreased in Sweden, and the prevalence of moderate to severe COPD was particularly low. The decrease follows a major decrease in smoking prevalence over several decades, but smoking remained the dominating risk factor for COPD.
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| 6. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(author)
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Lung function trajectories and associated mortality among adults with and without airway obstruction
- 2023
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In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 208:10, s. 1063-1074
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale: Spirometry is essential for diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in COPD.Objectives: To identify FEV1 trajectories and their determinants, based on annual spirometry measurements among individuals with and without airway obstruction. Furthermore, to assess mortality in relation to trajectories.Methods: In 2002-04, individuals with airway obstruction (AO) (FEV1/VC<0.70, n=993) and age- and sex-matched non-obstructive (NO) referents were recruited from population-based cohorts. Annual spirometries until 2014 were utilized in joint-survival Latent Class Mixed Models to identify lung function trajectories. Mortality data were collected during 15 years of follow-up.Results: Three trajectories were identified among the AO-cases and two among the NO referents. Trajectory membership was driven by baseline FEV1%predicted (%pred) in both groups and additionaly, pack-years in AO and current smoking in NO. Longitudinal FEV1%pred level depended on baseline FEV1%pred, pack-years and obesity. The trajectories were distributed: 79.6% T1AO FEV1-high with normal decline, 12.8% T2AO FEV1-high with rapid decline, and 7.7% T3AO FEV1-low with normal decline (mean 27, 72 and 26 mL/year) among AO-individuals, and 96.7% T1NO FEV1-high with normal decline and 3.3% T2NO FEV1-high with rapid decline (mean 34 and 173 mL/year) among referents. Hazard for death was increased for T2AO (HR1.56) and T3AO (HR3.45) vs. T1AO, and for T2NO (HR2.99) vs. T1NO.Conclusions: Three different FEV1 trajectories were identified among those with airway obstruction and two among the referents, with different outcomes in terms of FEV1-decline and mortality. The FEV1 trajectories among airway obstructive and the relationship between low FVC and trajectory outcome are of particular clinical interest.
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| 9. |
- Bruno, Linnéa, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Conversations about violence, risk and responsibility with divorced and support-seeking fathers in Sweden
- 2023
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In: Child & Family Social Work. - : Wiley. - 1356-7500 .- 1365-2206. ; 28:3, s. 764-773
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to analyse approaches to issues of risk, responsibility and representations of violence in women social workers' conversations with alleged or confirmed violent fathers. The study adds to a growing body of research on agencies' handling of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the context of separation. Empirically, the study draws from 12 structured, audio recorded and transcribed interviews with support-seeking and divorced fathers, from five municipalities in Sweden, conducted as part of a cooperation project in which a risk-detection method (Family Law Detection Of Overall Risk Screen [FL-DOORS]) was also tested. The results suggest a tension between different professional tasks. To validate information on IPV, detect risk and enhance a child perspective competes with other professional projects, most obviously with promoting cooperation between parents. The study confirms previous research, which demonstrates unique challenges facing women social workers and counsellors when working with men as perpetrators. In conclusion, the paper concurs with the call for a focus on responsibility and on safe parenting in professional conversations with allegedly or confirmed abusive fathers.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Breaking the mold : Reinterpreting industrial digital transformation and co-workership
- 2024
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In: Abstract book WIL Conference 2024. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325692 ; , s. 14-14
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper builds on the need to reinterpret industrial digital transformation and co-workership with the starting point that introducing and implementing digital initiatives is a multifaceted challenge for the manufacturing industry. Hence, this paper addresses how co-workership in manufacturing can be reinterpreted when navigating organizational and technological aspects of industrial digital transformation. To answer this, co-workers at different organizational levels have participated in five focus groups with a total of 25 participants to reinterpret industrial digital transformation over time, collaboratively structuring what the endeavors might entail. The results show that participants are positive towards digital technologies but critical towards organizational changes. It is argued that this affects the four conceptual pairs of the co-workership wheel. Thus, this paper contributes a revised model for co-workership for industrial digital transformation that contributes to the needed technological and organizational innovation
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