| 1. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study : objectives and design
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 278:6, s. 645-659
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.
|
|
| 2. |
- Eriksson, Andrea, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Management and Leadership Approaches to Health Promotion and Sustainable Workplaces : A Scoping Review
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Societies. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4698. ; 7:2
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whole-system approaches linking workplace health promotion to the development of a sustainable working life have been advocated. The aim of this scoping review was to map out if and how whole-system approaches to workplace health promotion with a focus on management, leadership, and economic efficiency have been used in Nordic health promotion research. In addition, we wanted to investigate, in depth, if and how management and/or leadership approaches related to sustainable workplaces are addressed. Eighty-three articles were included in an analysis of the studies' aims and content, research design, and country. For a further in-depth qualitative content analysis we excluded 63 articles in which management and/or leadership were only one of several factors studied. In the in-depth analysis of the 20 remaining studies, four main categories connected to sustainable workplaces emerged: studies including a whole system understanding; studies examining success factors for the implementation of workplace health promotion; studies using sustainability for framing the study; and studies highlighting health risks with an explicit economic focus. Aspects of sustainability were, in most articles, only included for framing the importance of the studies, and only few studies addressed aspects of sustainable workplaces from the perspective of a whole-system approach. Implications from this scoping review are that future Nordic workplace health promotion research needs to integrate health promotion and economic efficiency to a greater extent, in order to contribute to societal effectiveness and sustainability.
|
|
| 3. |
- Eriksson, Irene, et al.
(författare)
-
To feel emotional concern : A qualitative interview study to explore telephone nurses’ experiences of difficult calls
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 842-848
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe telenurses’ experiences of difficult calls.Design: A qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the telenurses’ experiences.Methods: The data were collected in spring 2017 through semi-structured interviews with 19 telenurses at call centres and primary healthcare centres and were analysed with qualitative content analysis.Results: Becoming emotionally concerned is central to the telenurse’s experiences of difficult calls. Difficult calls are accompanied by feelings such as inadequacy, uncertainty and anxiety, which can be described as emotional tension. Emotional tension refers to situations when the caller’s expressed emotions were conveyed to the telenurses and altered their state of mind. The telenurses stated that difficult calls that cause them to become anxious remain in their thoughts and go through their minds repeatedly, making a deep impression.
|
|
| 4. |
- Flejmer, Anna M.
(författare)
-
Radiation burden from modern radiation therapy techniques including proton therapy for breast cancer treatment - clinical implications
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis was to study the clinical implications of modern radiotherapy techniques for breast cancer treatment. This was investigated in several individual studies.Study I investigated the implications of using the analytical anisotropic algorithm (AAA) from the perspective of clinical recommendations for breast cancer radiotherapy. Pencil beam convolution plans of 40 breast cancer patients were recalculated with AAA. The latter plans had a significantly worse coverage of the planning target volume (PTV) with the 93% isodose, higher maximum dose in hotspots, higher volumes of the ipsilateral lung receiving doses below 25 Gy and smaller volumes with doses above 25 Gy. AAA also predicted lower doses to the heart.Study II investigated the implications of using the irregular surface compensator (ISC), an electronic compensation algorithm, in comparison to three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D‐CRT) for breast cancer treatment. Ten breast cancer patients were planned with both techniques. The ISC technique led to better coverage of the clinical target volume of the tumour bed (CTV‐T) and PTV in almost all patients with significant improvement in homogeneity.Study III investigated the feasibility of using scanning pencil beam proton therapy for regional and loco‐regional breast cancer with comparison of ISC photon planning. Ten patients were included in the study, all with dose heterogeneity in the target and/or hotspots in the normal tissues outside the PTV. The proton plans showed comparable or better CTV‐T and PTV coverage, with large reductions in the mean doses to the heart and the ipsilateral lung.Study IV investigated the added value of enhanced inspiration gating (EIG) for proton therapy. Twenty patients were planned on CT datasets acquired during EIG and freebreathing (FB) using photon 3D‐CRT and scanning proton therapy. Proton spot scanning has a high potential to reduce the irradiation of organs‐at‐risk for most patients, beyond what could be achieved with EIG and photon therapy, especially in terms of mean doses to the heart and the left anterior descending artery.Study V investigated the impact of physiological breathing motion during proton radiotherapy for breast cancer. Twelve thoracic patients were planned on CT datasets during breath‐hold at inhalation phase and breath‐hold at exhalation phase. Between inhalation and exhalation phase there were very small differences in dose delivered to the target and cardiovascular structures, with very small clinical implication.The results of these studies showed the potential of various radiotherapy techniques to improve the quality of life for breast cancer patients by limiting the dose burden for normal tissues.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hagstrom, Emil, et al.
(författare)
-
IMPACT OF BODY WEIGHT AT AGE 20 AND WEIGHT GAIN DURING ADULTHOOD ON MIDLIFE CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM IN 15,000 MEN AND WOMEN : AN INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE SWEDISH CARDIOPULMONARY BIOIMAGE STUDY
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 73:9, s. 1692-1692
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundElevated body weight in adolescence is strongly associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, or to weight gain with subsequent high adult weight is not known. Using data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), we investigated the association between weight at age 20, weight gain to midlife and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) at midlife.MethodsIn the first 15,810 participants in SCAPIS (mean age 58 years, 52% women), data on CACS at midlife, self-reported body weight at age 20 and weight at examination in SCAPIS were recorded.ResultsCACS in midlife was significantly higher with increasing weight at age 20 (p<0.001 for both sexes), and then increased with weight gain until midlife at all levels of body weight at age 20 after adjusting for age, height, smoking, alcohol intake, education level, exercise levels and LDL cholesterol. However, the association with weight gain was only significant in men (p = 0.047), not in women (p=0.474). No significant interaction was seen between weight at age 20 and midlife weight with CACS. The effect of weight at age 20 on CACS was significantly more marked in men than in women, as was the effect of weight gain (p<0.001 for both interactions).ConclusionWeight at age 20 and weight gain to midlife were both related to CACS, but much more markedly so in men than in women, indicating a generally larger effect of both early adult weight and further weight gain until midlife on CACS in men, compared to women.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hanpatchaiyakul, Kulnaree, 1961-
(författare)
-
Barriers to alcohol addiction treatment in women and men experiencing alcohol addiction in a Thai context : Exploring lived experiences and healthcare providers’ perspectives
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Risky drinking behaviour can strongly influence the lives of individuals and families, including having negative effects on social welfare and health. The low rate of healthcare service use among people experiencing alcohol addiction is an important problem in Thai society.The overall aim of the study was to explore the barriers to alcohol treatments for people experiencing alcohol addiction. This thesis includes four qualitative studies that employed three different data collection methods. Individual interviews were used in studies I and II and were analysed with descriptive phenomenology. Focus group interviews were conducted in study III, and the Delphi method was applied in study IV. Both of the latter studies employed content analysis. Purposive sampling was applied to identify participants for the four studies, which included 13 men (study I) and 12 women (study II) experiencing alcohol addiction, 32 healthcare providers (study III) and 32 experts in the alcohol treatment field (study IV); the providers and experts were primarily nurses (study III and IV).The identified barriers at the individual level included the unawareness of alcohol addiction, gender differences in treatment and in society, the experienced stigma related to alcohol addiction and the lack of engagement in alcohol treatment. Barriers at the organizational level were related to healthcare providers’ agencies and engagement, vertical and horizontal collaborative practices within the hospital wards, and the collaboration with patients and their next of kin. Additionally, the struggle of handling the different sexes during treatment and the difficulties of using the required standard methods were described by the healthcare providers. At the structural level, the barriers were related to the patriarchal society, gender equity and the resources and funding from the Ministry of Public Health for improving the well-being and equal healthcare rights of people experiencing alcohol addiction in Thailand.In order to improve equal rights to health for people experiencing alcohol addiction in Thailand, knowledge of alcohol addiction, stigma and domestic violence related issues needs to be improved in the healthcare service system. Formal training and nurse educational programmes are needed to reach the theoretical and practical potential of nurses and of other healthcare providers working in alcohol addiction.Key words: alcohol addiction, gender perspective, lived experiences, alcohol dependency, focus- group interviews, Delphi study
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Prignitz Sluys, Kerstin, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Six years beyond pediatric trauma : child and parental ratings of children’s health-related quality of life in relation to parental mental health
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 24:11, s. 2689-2699
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeTo examine the relationship between child self-report and parent proxy report of health-related quality of life (HRQL) and how parents’ mental health status relates to the HRQL ratings 6 years after minor to severe injury of the child.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional cohort study was performed at a regional pediatric trauma center in Stockholm, Sweden. The PedsQL 4.0 versions for ages 5–7, 8–12, and 13–18 years were completed by 177 child–parent dyads 6 years after injury to the child. The parents also rated their own mental health through the mental health domain (MH) in the SF-36 Health Survey.ResultsThe children’s median age was 13 years (IQR 10–16 years), 54 % were males, and the median ISS was 5 (IQR 2–9). Most of the parents were female (77 %), born in Sweden (79 %), and half had university degrees. There was no statistically significant difference between child self-report and parent proxy report in any of the PedsQL 4.0 scales or summary scales. The levels of agreement between child self-report and parent proxy reports were excellent (ICC ≥ 0.80) for all scales with the exception of emotional functioning (ICC 0.53) which also was the scale with the lowest internal consistency in child self-report (α 0.60). Multiple regression analyses showed that worse parental mental health status correlated with worse child self-report and parent proxy report of children’s HRQL.ConclusionsChildren and their parents’ reports on child’s HRQL were in agreement. Decreased mental health in parents was associated with lower scores on parent proxy reports and child self-reports of HRQL after injury. The current investigation highlights the possible relationship between parent’s mental health status and children’s HRQL long after an injury, which should be considered in future investigations and in clinical care.
|
|
| 10. |
- Torstensson, Thomas, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Anatomical landmarks of the intra-pelvic side-wall as sources of pain in women with and without pregnancy-related chronic pelvic pain after childbirth : a descriptive study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6874. ; 18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) affects 15-24% of women and can have a devastating impact on quality of life. Laparoscopy is often used in the investigation, although in one third of the examinations there is no visible pathology and the women may be dismissed without further investigation. Also, the contribution of skeletal, muscular, periosteal and ligamentous tissues to CPP remains to be further elucidated. The objective of the present study was to compare pain intensity provoked from anatomical landmarks of the intra-pelvic side-wall in women with pregnancy-related CPP after childbirth and women without such pain. Methods: This is a descriptive study of 36 non-randomly selected parous women with CPP after childbirth and 29 likewise selected parous women after childbirth without CPP. Pain was determined by questionnaire and clinical examination. The primary outcome measure was reported pain intensity provoked on 13 anatomical landmarks of the intra-pelvic side-wall. All women reported their perceived pain intensity for each anatomical landmark on Likert scales and an individual sum score was calculated. Results: Women with chronic pelvic pain were older than women without CPP. At several intra-pelvic landmarks high intensity pain was provoked in women with CPP compared with less intense pain provoked at fewer landmarks in women without low back or pelvic pain (p < 0.0001). The average sum of pain intensity scores was about 4 times higher in women with CPP (1.3) as compared with those without low back or pelvic pain (0.3), p < 0. 0001. This association remained when adjusting for the age difference between the pain groups in linear regression analysis. In addition, reported pain intensity at worst past week was independently associated with sum of pain intensity scores. The maximum individual sum of pain intensity scores among women without CPP was exceeded by that of 85% of the women with CPP. Conclusions: Parous women with CPP after childbirth had a heightened pain intensity over 13 anatomical landmarks during pelvic examination compared with parous women without CPP. These results need to be confirmed in a larger cohort with different types of CPP.
|
|
