| 1. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Value among Individuals with Long-Term Mental Illness
- 2003
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - Ottawa : Sage Publications. - 0008-4174. ; 70:5, s. 276-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The study compared the perceived value of occupation among a sample of individuals with long-term mental illness to a sample of people not diagnosed with mental illness. As well, it investigated whether diagnostic and demographic factors were related to perceived occupational value among the individuals with mental illness. Finally, the study examined the relationship between occupational value and ratings of health and well-being. Method. One hundred and three individuals with mental illness and 28 healthy individuals were recruited for the study. Results. Overall occupational value among the individuals diagnosed with mental illness differed only marginally from the healthy group, indicating that perceived occupational value was by and large not related to mental illness. Among the individuals with mental illness, having children living at home was related to occupational value. There were moderate to strong associations between occupational value and measures of health and well-being. Practice Implications. This study provides important insights into occupational value among individuals with persistent mental health problems and provides some preliminary evidence in support of the Value, Meaning and Occupation Model. © CAOT PUBLICATIONS ACE
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| 2. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, 1963-
(författare)
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101 Women's patterns of daily occupations : Characteristics and realtionships to health and well-being
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigated the concept of balance in daily occupations. The overarching aim was to explore women’s patterns of everyday occupations and to investigate relationships between different aspects of patterns of daily occupations and health and well-being. The participants were working, cohabitant women with pre-school children. The methods used focused on exploring patterns of daily occupations and assessing sociodemographic aspects, self-rated health, and well-being. The results imply methodological development for documenting patterns of daily occupations, measuring occupation-related experiences associated with daily occupations, and categorising patterns of daily occupations according to complexity. This thesis identified the building blocks of patterns of daily occupations as main, hidden and unexpected occupations. Women’s hassling experiences associated with daily occupations were generated mainly by the social environment and their uplifting experiences resulted primarily from performing occupations. Moreover, typical patterns of daily occupations with respect to complexity were identified, and relationships of complexity in patterns of daily occupations to health and well-being were investigated. The result indicated that more hassles in combination with low control and high complexity in pattern of daily occupations mean an increased risk of experiencing low health and well-being. The findings contribute to the knowledge base of occupational science by further illuminating the concept of pattern of daily occupations: its constituents and its complexity. The results contribute to research on women’s total workload in relation to a sense of well-being and give implications for occupational therapy intervention for people who have taken ill due to imbalance in their pattern of daily occupations.
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| 3. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Describing patterns of daily occupations - A methodological study comparing data from four different methods.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London, UK : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 8:1, s. 31-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of patterns of daily occupations to health has been emphasised ever since occupational therapy was founded, but little is known about this relationship. The aim of this study was to describe in detail one woman’s pattern of daily occupations as an initial step in developing strategies for further studies of patterns of daily occupations. Four different methods were used, one on each of four days. Three types of occupations were discerned; main occupations, hidden occupations, and unexpected occupations, which intertwined and formed an occupational pattern. The occupations were, in turn, composed of actions. Using the diary method gave an overall picture of main occupations during a whole day. Direct observation and video-recorded observation added additional information about the actions that were the building blocks of the occupations, as well as about hidden and unexpected occupations. The fourth method, a variant of the experience sampling method, gave deeper knowledge about the informant’s reflections when performing an occupation. It was assumed that a detailed description of patterns of occupation is needed to understand its relationship to health. Therefore, if the diary method is used, it has to be combined with a subsequent interview. Direct observation was the single method that best captured the complexity of the pattern of daily occupations as captured in this study.
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| 4. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Recognition of similarities (ROS): A methodological approach to analysing and characterising patterns of daily occupations
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - Melbourne : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 11:1, s. 3-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been proposed that patterns of daily occupations that promote health or cause illness should be possible to identify. By describing patterns as consisting of main, hidden, and unexpected occupations, this study aimed to develop and to evaluate a process for analysing and characterising subjectively perceived patterns of daily occupations. Yesterday diaries describing one day of 100 working married mothers were collected through interviews. The diaries were transformed into time-and-occupation graphs. An analysis based on visual interpretation of the patterns was performed. The graphs were grouped into the categories low, medium, or high complexity. In order to identify similarities the graphs were then compared both pair-wise and group-wise. Finally, the complexity and the similarities perspectives were integrated, identifying the most typical patterns of daily occupations representing low, medium, and high complexity. The visual differences in complexity were evident. However, in order to validate the ROS process developed, a measure expressing the probability of change was computed and was found to differ statistically significantly between the three groups, supporting the validity of the ROS process.
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| 5. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationships of Hassles and Uplifts to Experience of Health in Working Women
- 2004
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Ingår i: Women & health. - Philadelphia, PA : Routledge. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 38:4, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish women are more ill than men are, often explained by women's heavier total workload. A balanced pattern of daily occupations is believed to promote health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of aspects of the pattern of daily occupations and lifestyle factors to working mothers' health and well-being, and whether control influenced any relationships. One hundred working, cohabiting mothers took part in semi-structured interviews targeting health and well-being, control, lifestyle variables, and hassles and uplifts in the pattern of daily occupations. All variables were dichotomised according to a median cut and subjected to logistic regression analyses. Working more and having a university diploma were found to be risk factors for experiencing more hassles. Risk factors for fewer uplifts were having more than two children and fewer leisure occupations. Experiencing less control constituted a risk of low self-rated health and with an additional high level of hassles impacted on the experience of well-being. © 2003 The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Women's experiences of hassles and uplifts in their everyday patterns of occupations
- 2003
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - Oxford : John Wiley & Sons. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 10:2, s. 95-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate experiences of hassles and uplifts among women. One hundred working mothers were interviewed using the Target Complaints instrument. Content analysis, resulting in both qualitative categories and quantitative variables, was used. Working mothers' hassles were mainly generated by their social, temporal and doing contexts and illustrate the importance of considering women's total patterns of everyday occupations and not focusing one-sidedly on the work situation when treating occupation-related ill-health. Women's uplifts were experienced through the social context and by doing such different occupations as going to the movies, cleaning the house, or attending a class. This indicates the appropriateness of using a client-centred approach in interventions with openness to the client's unique situation. Unexpected occupations were identified almost exclusively among the hassles. This is important knowledge for occupational therapists since women will continue to be dual workers and at potential risk of developing unbalanced and detrimental patterns of occupations, in turn causing ill health. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Time to Reevaluate the Machine Society : Post‐industrial Ethics from an Occupational Perspective
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - Melbourne : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 9:2, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the ethics underlying the occupational repertoire of the post-industrial citizen, giving attention to lifestyle phenomena such as increased tempo and quantity of occupations; manipulation of time, organisms and environments; decreases in sleep, rest and play etc. In trying to understand human behavior in the 21st century, an ethical perspective is delineated and some starting points for a discussion of ethics from an everyday occupational perspective are investigated. Using examples from contemporary Western society, human occupational behavior is described as imprinted by machine-ethical values. It is argued that since behavior arising from such values has been little formulated or observed, it constitutes a substantial risk factor for ill health and stress. An alternative eco-ethical perspective of occupation, inspired by Skolimowski the Polish professor of eco-philosophy, is proposed. The concept of “ecopation” is introduced as an optional choice denoting occupations that are performed with concern for the ecological context at a pace that gives room for reflection and experience of meaning. The questions raised in this paper may be important for occupational scientists to more fully understand the implicit guidelines of contemporary and future occupation and for occupational therapists taking an active part in future healthcare. © 2002 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Time to reevaluate the machine society: Post-industrial ethics from an occupational perspective
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - 1442-7591. ; 9:2, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the ethics underlying the occupational repertoire of the post-industrial citizen, giving attention to lifestyle phenomena such as increased tempo and quantity of occupations; manipulation of time, organisms and environments; decreases in sleep, rest and play etc. In trying to understand human behavior in the 21st century, an ethical perspective is delineated and some starting points for a discussion of ethics from an everyday occupational perspective are investigated. Using examples from contemporary Western society, human occupational behavior is described as imprinted by machine-ethical values. It is argued that since behavior arising from such values has been little formulated or observed, it constitutes a substantial risk factor for ill health and stress. An alternative eco-ethical perspective of occupation, inspired by Skolimowski the Polish professor of eco-philosophy, is proposed. The concept of “ecopation” is introduced as an optional choice denoting occupations that are performed with concern for the ecological context at a pace that gives room for reflection and experience of meaning. The questions raised in this paper may be important for occupational scientists to more fully understand the implicit guidelines of contemporary and future occupation and for occupational therapists taking an active part in future healthcare.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Persson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Value Dimensions, Meaning, and Complexity in Human Occupation – A Tentative Structure for Analysis.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London, UK : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 8:1, s. 7-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In occupational therapy and occupational science, it is important to clarify the perspective from which the analysis of occupation is addressed. The purpose of this paper is to present a tentative structure for describing occupation, allowing for analysis in a lifelong panorama as well as for the immediate experience a person acquires from performing a single occupation. The concept of occupational value is introduced as a prerequisite for meaning, defining three different dimensions: concrete, symbolic, and self-reward value. A dynamic categorisation of single occupations is presented, considering each unique occupational performance viewed from a macro, meso, and a micro perspective, inspired by dynamic systems theory. It is proposed that all occupations are meaningful if they are integrated parts of a person's occupational continuity, and that it is the interaction between the mentioned three perspectives that determines their meaningfulness. With an explicit focus on value and meaning as perceived by the unique person, occupational therapists will become more skilled in designing meaningful occupational therapy interventions. This paper is a contribution to the development of occupational science as well as to occupational therapy, but the theoretical framework presented must be empirically tested in order to demonstrate its validity.
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