| 1. |
- Almgren, Nina, 1970-
(författare)
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Kvinnorörelsen och efterkrigsplaneringen : statsfeminism i svensk arbetsmarknadspolitik under och kort efter andra världskriget
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis has analysed the relations among the women’s movement, the state and the labour market policy during and shortly after the Second World War and to what extent this period can be characterised as a formative phase as regards gender relations. The aim has been to study women’s strategic actions in order to influence the Swedish Government’s labour market policy in the period from 1939 to 1947. The thesis shows the conflicts of interest that manifested themselves between Statens arbetsmarknadskommission (SAK, ‘the National Swedish Labour Market Commission’) and its advisory women’s group, experts on women’s issues, concerning the planning and utilisation of female labour. SAK thought that the work of the experts on female issues should only focus on the short-term labour problems caused by the national crisis situation, while the experts on women’s issues were of the opinion that they should also work with long-term labour-market issues for women. These different ways of thinking and understanding the problem originated in different views on women’s work. The experts on women’s issues wanted to strengthen women’s position on the labour market by abolishing the wage differences between the genders, breaking the gender segregation in education, and broadening the occupational choices of girls. They had three strategies for achieving this: a strategy of professionalisation, a strategy of change, and a strategy of state feminism. The strategy of professionalisation was aimed at raising the value of traditional female work, in terms of both status and wages. The strategy of change was aimed at creating new opportunities for women to leave typical low-wage jobs and gain access to better paid jobs in male-dominated areas. The strategy of state feminism was aimed at paving the way for women in new and expanding occupational areas beside the traditional male occupations. Can the period during and shortly after the war be characterised as a formative phase of the issue of gender relations? It is evident that this period did not involve a revolution of the societal gender order. The idea of women as reserve labour did not disappear. The post-war planners considered that, in the transition to peace, the women who had replaced men who were called up should be redeployed or retrained for employment in household work, in hotels, restaurants and cafés, in shops and in health care. In spite of the great shortage of labour in the post-war period, leading politicians and economists stuck to old ways of thinking. A clear indication on the part of the Government was that the women’s movement’s demand for long-term planning in order to utilise female labour was turned down. One important difference from the First World War was that the Government produced peace plans for women’s work during the Second World War. The period also led to ideological and institutional consequences that could be the beginning of a change of the societal gender order. From her central position in Kommissionen för ekonomisk efterkrigsplanering (‘the Commission for economic post-war planning’), Karin Kock could see to it that women’s demands for greater occupational mobility and a loosening up of the gender division of labour had an impact on the post-war planning of the war years. The experiences of women in male industries in the Second World War, both in Sweden and abroad, showed to some extent that it was possible to change the gender division of labour. The modern welfare state also came to correspond to a great extent to the state feminist strategy of the experts on women’s issues. With the historical formation of the welfare state a new type of occupational groups developed, the so-called welfare state professionals.
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| 2. |
- Bohlin, Anna, 1971-
(författare)
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Röstens anatomi : läsningar av politik i Elin Wägners Silverforsen, Selma Lagerlöfs Löwensköldtrilogi och Klara Johansons Tidevarvskåserier
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to investigate the voice in Elin Wägner’s novel Silverforsen (1924), Selma Lagerlöf’s Löwensköld trilogy (1925–1928) and Klara Johanson’s causeries in the feminist weekly newspaper Tidevarvet 1923–1924, in relation to women’s suffrage. Swedish women were finally granted the right to vote in 1921. The female political voice arroused high expectations of societal change: the female body was supposed to provide a female perspective on politics. However, the connection between the body and the voice was imagined differently by different theorists of emancipation. Therefore, in order to pinpoint the functions of the voice, the functions of corporeality need examination as well. The readings of the novels and causeries by Wägner, Lagerlöf and Johanson reveal striking discrepancies in the functions of the voice in relation to corporeality.The examination of the functions of the voice includes an account of the genre, the mood and the narrator’s voice as well as the characters’ ability to speak and the workings of the voice in the societies established in Silverforsen, the Löwensköld trilogy and Johanson’s causeries. A central argument of the dissertation concerns Wägner’s, Lagerlöf’s and Johanson’s various constructions of identity. Identity proves to be of equal importance to legitimate political action. Though, while Wägner’s notion of identity is based primarily on sex and inspired by the voice of God, Lagerlöf complicates the criteria for identity, featuring nationality, family and social class as primary distinctions. Johanson, for her part, rejects the idea of a shared gender identity all together. She still emphasises the need for politics to voice identity, although identity in her account includes only one single person.Contemporary theories on gender by Ellen Key, Mathilde Vaerting, Rosa Mayreder, Otto Weininger, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Alexandra Kollontay and Olive Schreiner form a context for the relations between voice, corporeality and emancipation developed by the novels and causeries. The readings of the literary texts are also, in their turn, intended to shed light on the theories of emancipation. This study proposes a new metatheoretical model instead of the heavily criticized distinction between essentialism and constructivism, by focusing the relation between corporeality and meaning, using the rhetorical tropes to analyse these relations. The tropological model may specify the body of the early twentieth century identity politics.
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| 3. |
- Book, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Homosex and the city
- 2007
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Ingår i: Plats som produkt. Kommersialisering och paketering. - 9789144045986 ; , s. 37-54
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken behandlar hur platser idag paketeras och marknadsförs i syfte att attrahera besökare, företag och invånare. Bokens övergripande tema är platsens produktion och konsumtion: hur, var, när, varför och av vem? Boken kan ses som en handledning i platsens produktgörande, men är i första hand en kritisk och reflekterande diskussion om hur vårt förhållningssätt till omvärlden påverkas när platser blir kommersiella produkter. I kapitlet diskuteras hur en specifik typ av sexualitet - (manlig) homosexualitet - kan användas som ett strategiskt verktyg för att göra en urban miljö attraktiv.
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| 4. |
- Book, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The Orestad Model
- 2008
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Ingår i: Geographies that matters - Annual International Conference 2008. - : Royal Geographical Society.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The organizational and financial model of developing land use and metro in Orestad (Denmark) is analysed.
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| 5. |
- Dahlgren, Johanna, 1972-
(författare)
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Kvinnor i polistjänst : Föreningen Kamraterna, Svenska polisförbundet och kvinnors inträde i polisyrket
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis was to study the strategies that Kamraterna (‘the Comrades’), an association for Stockholm’s policemen, and the Swedish Policemen’s Union employed in order to solve the issue of women in police service in the years 1957-1971. I have dealt with the attitudes they had to women in police service and the conceptions of gender that were expressed. The trade unions’ way of trying to solve the issue of women’s service and position in the organisation and Kamraterna’s actions vis-à-vis their female members have also been in focus. Finally, I have also studied the way in which the police profession was made masculine and feminine and how this could be used as a part of the strategies. Women’s entrance into the police profession on the same terms as men created and made visible the gender structures in the police force. The male police officers saw their rights threatened, if the female labour could be judged differently and hence be promoted more rapidly. This conflict made conceptions of male and female qualities visible, and above all in Kamraterna, a struggle was started to maintain male police officers’ privileges and rights. The unions emphasised that women would have to be employed on equal terms and that equal pay must imply equal work. Women were however considered to be best suited for social police work and work with women and children, while men were chiefly associated with the parts of the profession involving physical strength and violence. It was difficult to implement the principle of equal terms in practice, since there was a basic idea that women were different. Both Kamraterna and the Swedish Policemen’s Union used dual closure in order to solve this dilemma. Kamraterna’s usurpation was intended to influence the police commissioner and to unite the members, including the women, thereby creating a collective unity about the issue of the female police officers’ posts and work. They tried to remove the women from foot patrol work by having them relocated to other departments with civil duties. In this way they endeavoured to keep the patrol work as an exclusively male area by resorting to exclusion. When the National Police Board started experimental work in 1969 with female police officers being stationed in special units with civil duties, the Swedish Policemen’s Union supported this effort and tried to see to it that the instructions were followed. The Policemen’s Union thus employed exclusion. Excluding women from parts of the profession meant that the unions used a demarcationary strategy resulting in a gendered division of labour being created rather than the women being entirely excluded from the police profession. The patrol work was the part of the police profession that women ought not to have access to, and this was linked to masculine qualities and symbolism. Words like physical strength, strenuous service and violence were related to the patrol work. The uniforms and weapons underscored the masculine connotations of the patrol work. A hegemonic masculinity was created here, which could be used as a means for excluding female police officers. The women’s uniforms looked different and their weapons were not the same, which should have made it more difficult for them to be regarded as real police officers.
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| 6. |
- Davidsson, Kent, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Countermeasures against alkali-related problems during combustion of biomass in a circulating fluidized bed boiler
- 2008
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. ; 63, s. 5314-5329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this work was to study different ways to mitigate alkali-related problems during combustionof biomass in circulating fluidized beds. Wood chips and wood pellets were fired together withstraw pellets, while the tendency to agglomerate and form deposits was monitored. In addition to areference case, a number of countermeasures were applied in related tests. Those were addition of elementalsulphur, ammonium sulphate and kaolin to a bed of silica sand, as well as use of olivine sand andblast-furnace slag as alternative bed materials. The agglomeration temperature, composition and structureof bed-ash samples were examined. The flue-gas composition, including gaseous alkali chlorides, wasmeasured in the hot flue gases and in the stack. Particles in the flue gas were collected and analysed forsize distribution and composition. Deposits were collected on a probe in hot flue gases and their amountand composition were analysed. Addition of kaolin was found to be the best method to counteract theagglomeration problem. The deposition problem is effectively counteracted with addition of ammoniumsulphate, while kaolin is too expensive to be used commercially against deposits, and sulphur is lesseffective than ammonium sulphate.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Elled, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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The fate of zinc during combustion of demolition wood in a fluidized bed boiler
- 2007
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society. - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 22:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Demolition wood can be used as a fuel in heat and power plants. However, it may contain elevated amounts of zinc, originating from white paint, which can cause problems related to deposit formation and corrosion on heat transfer surfaces. In this work, combustion tests with zinc addition were carried out in a fluidized bed boiler to investigate its effect on deposit formation. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to complement the experimental data. The results show that combustion of demolition wood only contaminated with zinc generates a modest amount of deposit. Combustion of demolition wood contaminated with both zinc and chlorine promotes the deposit formation due to the increased amount of submicron particles in the flue gas. The thermodynamic equilibrium analyses show further that reducing conditions increase the release of zinc to the flue gas. On the other hand, in the case of oxidizing conditions, the retention of zinc in the ash is strong. Zinc, in combination with chlorine, gives rise to formation of zinc chloride in the flue gas. The formation is, at reducing conditions, thermodynamically favored between 450 and 850 °C. At oxidizing conditions, the formation is initiated at 400 °C and gradually increased with the temperature.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eskilsson, Lena, 1951-
(författare)
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Björks fria själar
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap. - 1104-0556 .- 2001-094X. ; :2, s. 89-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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