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- Fareld, Victoria, 1973
(författare)
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Att vara utom sig inom sig: Charles Taylor, erkännandet och Hegels aktualitet
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation work has a twofold aim. It critically examines Charles Taylor’s philosophy of recognition, by focusing on Taylor’s actualization of elements from German Idealism, more precisely those borrowed from Herder, Humboldt, and Hegel. Based on this reading, it is argued for an analytically more relevant actualization of Hegel’s dialectical philosophy in contemporary discussions about recognition of identities. Through an examination of the conceptual structure of Taylor’s philosophy, I investigate the historical ideas on which his theory of recognition is based. In doing so, my claim is that this theory cannot be fully understood or criticized in the absence of an adequate account of the historical elements, notably the dynamic conception of essence, underpinning it. The approach adopted here, however, is not solely one of contextualization. By focusing on the term actualization, I emphasize that I am not exclusively concerned with hermeneutically oriented interpretation. More than that, I am interested in the way Taylor constructs history, in the way he builds a continuum of tradition by actualizing in the contemporary socio-political context, certain historical and philosophical ideas. By viewing recognition as a self-restoring movement, I argue that Taylor ends up reproducing the very notion of autonomy he purports to undermine, even if on a collective level. I suggest that an analytically more relevant understanding of the dialectical movement sees it as a process of self-expropriation, in which recognition is understood as a two-edged force, captured by the twofold sense of the term exposure: We are exposed by and to each other, that is, being put outside ourselves as well as being vulnerable to others.
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- Fareld, Victoria, 1973
(författare)
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Charles Taylor's Identity Holism: Romantic Expressivism as Epigenetic Self-Realization
- 2007
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Ingår i: Telos. - 0090-6514. ; :141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the expressivist core of Charles Taylor’s conception of identity, and argues that his recognition politics cannot be fully understood and properly criticized without an account of the historical roots of the expressivism underpinning it. By seeing Taylor’s conception of identity in the light of the eighteenth-century theory of epigenesis, according to which evolution is an unpredictable and successive self-generation, which became vital elements in German Idealism and crucial components in the idea of Bildung, I show why Taylor’s idea of identity formation is resistant to much of contemporary critique of essentialism, which tends to see essence as a preformed inner unit that is to be given an outer expression. I suggest that a more productive way of criticizing Taylor’s conception of identity is to focus on what I call his identity holism, which I locate in the heart of his expressivist philosophy. By making recognition into a restoring movement, aiming at intersubjectively unifying the self with itself, I argue that Taylor’s identity holism ends up reproducing the very notion of individual autonomy it purports to undermine, and that it moreover transforms the Hegelian double movement of mutual recognition into a commodity logic of equal exchange, a liberal equality formula, according to which individuals are recognized by having their identities rightly affirmed.
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- Fareld, Victoria, 1973
(författare)
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Contexts in Flux: Textual Concerns for the Historian of Ideas
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ideas in History: The Nordic Society for the History of Ideas. - 1890-1832. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the methodological question of contextualization in the field of history of ideas. By discussing the notion of beginning, and by arguing for an understanding of beginning as a construction made in retrospect – as that which only in the end of a process appears as the beginning – the author questions the conventional view on historical contextualization as primarily a method of arranging a chronological narrative. It is suggested that the notion of backward reading could account for a broader practice of contextualization, as it opens up a range of possible contextual arrangements in the writing of history of ideas. By stressing the two meanings of the word history (the past, that which is forever gone, and the incessantly changing narrative representations of the past, that which in a certain sense always remains to come), as inseparably intertwined in a dialectics of presence and absence, recalling and forgetting, it is argued for the importance of adopting a double perspective: There is no present independent of the past. But there is no past independent of the present. The historian of ideas, therefore, the author claims, has a role to play just as urgent when it comes to reflect upon the past from today’s horizon, as to analyze the present through an examination of the past. The novel Vivre me tue (Life kills me) written by the French author Paul Smaïl, serves to illustrate the difficulty in deciding the contextual beginning and ending of a text, and the need, therefore, of exploring a methodological concept of temporality where past, present and future are constitutively interrelated – where the beginning can appear in the end, just as the end can appear as a new beginning.
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- Fareld, Victoria, 1973
(författare)
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Wilhelm von Humboldts frihet som epigenetisk bildning
- 2006
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Ingår i: Lychnos: Årsbok för idé- och lärdomshistoria 2006. - 0076-1648. ; , s. 30-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article examines the complex notion of freedom in the first major work of the German philosopher and Prussian government functionary Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), Ideen zu einem Versuch, die Gränzen der Wirksamkeit des Staats zu bestimmen from 1791 [On the limits of state action]. As Humboldt in this work advocates minimal state intervention as a condition for individual self-realization, he is often considered as a proponent of what Isaiah Berlin in the 1950’s characterized as negative liberty, that is liberty as independence and non-interference. I am arguing that Berlin’s distinction between negative and positive liberty conceals more than it reveals when applied to Humboldt’s thinking. By seeing Humboldt’s idea of freedom in the light of the late eighteenth-century theory of epigenesis, according to which evolution is an unpredictable and successive self-generation, I am showing the intricate entwinement in Humboldt’s philosophy between freedom as non-interference and independence and freedom as successive development and self-realization; a realization whose ultimate conditions have to be secured by the state. Epigenetic ideas became vital elements in German Idealism and crucial components in the idea of Bildung as an individual process of cultivating a unique personality, which by Humboldt becomes a concern of the state and an object for regulations and standardizations. Seeing his idea of freedom as an epigenetic process of self-cultivation, I claim, makes apparent the double role which he ascribes to the state, which should motivate a more nuanced reading of Ideen.
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