| 1. |
- Aamodt, K., et al.
(författare)
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The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08002
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a general-purpose, heavy-ion detector at the CERN LHC which focuses on QCD, the strong-interaction sector of the Standard Model. It is designed to address the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at extreme values of energy density and temperature in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Besides running with Pb ions, the physics programme includes collisions with lighter ions, lower energy running and dedicated proton-nucleus runs. ALICE will also take data with proton beams at the top LHC energy to collect reference data for the heavy-ion programme and to address several QCD topics for which ALICE is complementary to the other LHC detectors. The ALICE detector has been built by a collaboration including currently over 1000 physicists and engineers from 105 Institutes in 30 countries, Its overall dimensions are 16 x 16 x 26 m(3) with a total weight of approximately 10 000 t. The experiment consists of 18 different detector systems each with its own specific technology choice and design constraints, driven both by the physics requirements and the experimental conditions expected at LHC. The most stringent design constraint is to cope with the extreme particle multiplicity anticipated in central Pb-Pb collisions. The different subsystems were optimized to provide high-momentum resolution as well as excellent Particle Identification (PID) over a broad range in momentum, up to the highest multiplicities predicted for LHC. This will allow for comprehensive studies of hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collision of heavy nuclei. Most detector systems are scheduled to be installed and ready for data taking by mid-2008 when the LHC is scheduled to start operation, with the exception of parts of the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS), Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) and Electro Magnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). These detectors will be completed for the high-luminosity ion run expected in 2010. This paper describes in detail the detector components as installed for the first data taking in the summer of 2008.
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| 2. |
- Antretter, E, et al.
(författare)
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The factorial structure of the Suicide Intent Scale : a comparative study in clinical samples from 11 European regions.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. - : Wiley. - 1049-8931 .- 1557-0657. ; 17:2, s. 63-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) is a widely used instrument in research on suicidal behavior, comparative research on the latent structure of the SIS has been neglected. To determine whether a general factor model of the SIS is supported, alternative factor models of the SIS were evaluated comparatively in 11 clinical samples. The SIS was applied as part of a structured clinical interview to patients after an episode of non-fatal suicidal behavior. The samples were drawn from 11 study centers within the frame of the WHO/EURO multicenter study on suicidal behavior. Three different two-factor and two three-factor models of the SIS were examined in each sample using principal component analysis with orthogonal Procrustes rotation. The factorial structure of the 'subjective part' of the SIS (items 9-14) was strongly supported, whereas an acceptable model fit for the 'objective part' was not found. Possible future revisions of 'objective' SIS items may be worth consideration. As a limitation, the results of the study might not generalize to other samples that use different definitions of non-fatal suicidal behavior.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Wortman, J. R., et al.
(författare)
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The 2008 update of the Aspergillus nidulans genome annotation: A community effort
- 2009
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Ingår i: Fungal Genetics and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0937 .- 1087-1845. ; 46, s. S2-S13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identification and annotation of protein-coding genes is one of the primary goals of whole-genome sequencing projects, and the accuracy of predicting the primary protein products of gene expression is vital to the interpretation of the available data and the design of downstream functional applications. Nevertheless, the comprehensive annotation of eukaryotic genomes remains a considerable challenge. Many genomes submitted to public databases, including those of major model organisms, contain significant numbers of wrong and incomplete gene predictions. We present a community-based reannotation of the Aspergillus nidulans genome with the primary goal of increasing the number and quality of protein functional assignments through the careful review of experts in the field of fungal biology. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Heyde, C E, et al.
(författare)
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[Treatment options for problematic thoracic and lumbar osteoporotic fractures]. : Behandlungsmöglichkeiten bei thorakalen und lumbalen osteoporotischen Problemfrakturen.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Der Orthopade. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0085-4530 .- 1433-0431. ; 37:4, s. 307-20
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most osteoporotic sintering fractures are treated conservatively. However, persistent pain and consecutive spinal deformity may require certain cement-augmenting interventions. These procedures have proven their intermediate-term efficacy in pain reduction, prevention of progressive sintering and improvement of the overall quality of life in the majority of patients. In fractures with relevant spinal stenosis, persisting instability, gross deformity and trauma-associated osteoporotic fractures with or without neurological deficits, the therapeutic options may call for more extensive surgical procedures. In this regard, poor bone quality, age and respective comorbidities of the individual patient must be considered during preoperative planning and management. This article provides an overview of the diverse problem-solving strategies discussed in today's literature. It is generally acknowledged that any decision to perform surgery on an osteoporotic fracture is strongly case-dependent. Treating physicians must therefore master the complete therapeutic spectrum in order to meet this complex orthopedic challenge appropriately.
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| 6. |
- Heyde, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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Treatment options for problematic thoracic and lumbar osteoporotic fractures
- 2008
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Ingår i: Der Orthopade. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0085-4530 .- 1433-0431. ; 37:4, s. 307-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most osteoporotic sintering fractures are treated conservatively. However, persistent pain and consecutive spinal deformity may require certain cement-augmenting interventions. These procedures have proven their intermediate-term efficacy in pain reduction, prevention of progressive sintering and improvement of the overall quality of life in the majority of patients. In fractures with relevant spinal stenosis, persisting instability, gross deformity and trauma-associated osteoporotic fractures with or without neurological deficits, the therapeutic options may call for more extensive surgical procedures. In this regard, poor bone quality, age and respective comorbidities of the individual patient must be considered during preoperative planning and management. This article provides an overview of the diverse problem-solving strategies discussed in today's literature. It is generally acknowledged that any decision to perform surgery on an osteoporotic fracture is strongly case-dependent. Treating physicians must therefore master the complete therapeutic spectrum in order to meet this complex orthopedic challenge appropriately.
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