| 1. |
- Loyen, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Surveillance Through Accelerometer Pooling in Four European Countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sports Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0112-1642 .- 1179-2035. ; 47:7, s. 1421-1435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study was to pool, harmonise and re-analyse national accelerometer data from adults in four European countries in order to describe population levels of sedentary time and physical inactivity. Methods: Five cross-sectional studies were included from England, Portugal, Norway and Sweden. ActiGraph accelerometer count data were centrally processed using the same algorithms. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to study the associations of sedentary time and physical inactivity with sex, age, weight status and educational level, in both the pooled sample and the separate study samples. Results: Data from 9509 participants were used. On average, participants were sedentary for 530 min/day, and accumulated 36 min/day of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity. Twenty-three percent accumulated more than 10 h of sedentary time/day, and 72% did not meet the physical activity recommendations. Nine percent of all participants were classified as high sedentary and low active. Participants from Norway showed the highest levels of sedentary time, while participants from England were the least physically active. Age and weight status were positively associated with sedentary time and not meeting the physical activity recommendations. Men and higher-educated people were more likely to be highly sedentary, while women and lower-educated people were more likely to be inactive. Conclusions: We found high levels of sedentary time and physical inactivity in four European countries. Older people and obese people were most likely to display these behaviours and thus deserve special attention in interventions and policy planning. In order to monitor these behaviours, accelerometer-based cross-European surveillance is recommended.
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| 2. |
- Fiedler, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Experience-related differential equations and provisioning-delivery hysteresis
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Churn of revenue-generating and dissatisfied users has become a major point of concern for service providers and network operators. As services rely on interconnecting networks, service performance and thus user satisfaction depend on network performance. Consequently, it is of utmost importance to understand the relationships between user perception, captured by quantitative Quality of Experience (QoE) parameters, and network performance, described by Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. This paper provides insights into fundamental relationships between QoE and QoS, formulated as partial differential equations describing changes in QoE with respect to specific QoS parameters. A set of illustrating examples from the literature is given. Furthermore, the different impacts of provisioning and degree of success or failure of delivery on QoE are discussed, leading to the QoE provisioning-delivery hysteresis. This hysteresis provides a striking motivation for employing elastic adaptation mechanisms to available resources instead of suffering from uncontrolled data loss.
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| 3. |
- Schweda, Elke K. H., et al.
(författare)
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Profiling structural elements of short-chain lipopolysaccharide of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae
- 2008
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Ingår i: Innate Immunity. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-4259 .- 1753-4267. ; 14:4, s. 199-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major Virulence determinant of the human bacterial pathogen Hoemophilus influenzae. A characteristic feature of H. influenzae LPS is the extensive intra- and inter-strain heterogeneity of glycoform structure which is key to the role of the molecule in both commensal and disease-causing behaviour of the bacterium. The chemical composition of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) LPS is hi-lily diverse. It contains a number of different monosaccharides (Neu5Ac, L-glycero-D-manno heptose, D-glycero-D-manno heptose, Kdo, D-Glc, D-Gal, D-GlcNAc, D-GaINAc) and non-carbohydrate substituents. Prominent non-carbohydrate components are O-acetyl groups, glycine and phosphates. We now know that sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid or Neu5Ac) and certain oligosaccharide extensions are important in the pathogenesis of NTHi: however, the biological implications for many of the various features are Still unknown. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ill combination with separation techniques like CE and HPLC is an indispensable tool in profiling glycoform populations ill heterogeneous LPS samples. Mass Spectrometry is characterized by its extreme sensitivity. Trace amounts of glycoforms expressing important Virulence determinants can be detected and characterized on minute amounts of material. The present review focuses oil LPS structures and mass spectrometric methods which enable us to profile these in complex mixtures.
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| 4. |
- Asumalahti, Kati, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analysis of PSORS1 distinguishes guttate psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 120:4, s. 627-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PSORS1 locus in the major histocompatibility complex region is the major genetic determinant for psoriasis vulgaris. Within the PSORS1 region reside at least three potential candidate genes for psoriasis susceptibility. Specific allelic variants of the genes HLA-Cw*6, HCR*WWCC, and CDSN*5 are strongly associated with psoriasis vulgaris and are in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other. We have genotyped the three psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility alleles of the PSORS1 locus in two clinical variants of psoriasis (guttate psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis) to study whether PSORS1 is also involved in the pathogenesis of these variants. We also asked whether these two clinical subgroups could help us to distinguish the causative gene within the high-risk PSORS1 haplotype. The association of guttate psoriasis with the three PSORS1 susceptibility alleles was similar and even stronger than seen with psoriasis vulgaris. Palmoplantar pustulosis, however, did not show association with any of the three candidate genes at this locus. Finally, no correlation with the age of onset for disease was observed. Our results show conclusively that psoriasis vulgaris and guttate psoriasis have a similar genetic basis for their association to PSORS1, whereas palmoplantar pustulosis appears to be a distinct disorder.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Bastani, Spencer, et al.
(författare)
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The Anatomy of the Extensive Margin Labor Supply Response
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- No previous quasi-experimental paper has systematically examined the relationshipbetween the extensive margin labor supply response to taxation and theemployment level. We model the labor force participation margin and estimateparticipation responses for married women in Sweden using population-wide administrativedata and a solid identification strategy. The participation elasticity ismore than twice as large in the lowest-skill sample (with relatively low employment)as compared with the highest-skill sample (with high employment). Ouranalysis suggests that cross- and within country comparisons of participation elasticitiesalways should be made with reference to the relevant employment level.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Blanchard, Sebastien, et al.
(författare)
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Late Triassic volcanic activity in South-East Asia: New stratigraphical, geochronological and paleontological evidence from the Luang Prabang Basin (Laos)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1367-9120. ; 70-71, s. 8-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In South-East Asia, sedimentary basins displaying continental Permian and Triassic deposits have been poorly studied. Among these, the Luang Prabang Basin (North Laos) represents a potential key target to constrain the stratigraphic and structural evolutions of South-East Asia. A combined approach involving sedimentology, palaeontology, geochronology and structural analysis, was thus implemented to study the basin. It resulted in a new geological map, in defining new formations, and in proposing a complete revision of the Late Permian to Triassic stratigraphic succession as well as of the structural organization of the basin. Radiometric ages are used to discuss the synchronism of volcanic activity and sedimentation. The Luang Prabang Basin consists of an asymmetric NE-SW syncline with NE-SW thrusts, located at the contact between Late Permian and Late Triassic deposits. The potential stratigraphic gap at the Permian-Triassic boundary is therefore masked by deformation in the basin. The Late Triassic volcaniclastic continental deposits are representative of alluvial plain and fluvial environments. The basin was fed by several sources, varying from volcanic, carbonated to silicic (non-volcanic). U-Pb dating of euhedral zircon grains provided maximum sedimentation ages. The stratigraphic vertical succession of these ages, from ca. 225, ca. 220 to ca. 216 Ma, indicates that a long lasting volcanism was active during sedimentation and illustrates significant variations in sediment preservation rates in continental environments (from similar to 100 m/Ma to similar to 3 m/Ma). Anhedral inherited zircon grains gave older ages. A large number of them, at ca. 1870 Ma, imply the reworking of a Proterozoic basement and/or of sediments containing fragments of such a basement. In addition, the Late Triassic (Carnian to Norian) sediments yielded to a new dicynodont skull, attributed to the Kannemeyeriiform group family, from layers dated in between similar to 225 and similar to 221 Ma (Carnian). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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