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- Maillefert, J. F., et al.
(författare)
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Multi-language translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the OARSI/OMERACT measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain (ICOAP)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1063-4584. ; 17:10, s. 1293-1296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To conduct a multi-language translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Intermittent and Constant OsteoArthritis Pain (ICOAP) questionnaire for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The questionnaires were translated and cross-culturally adapted in parallel, using a common protocol, into the following languages: Czech, Dutch, French (France), German, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish (Castillan), North and Central American Spanish, Swedish. The process was conducted following five steps: (1) - independent translation into the target language by two or three persons; (2) - consensus meeting to obtain a single preliminary translated version; (3) - backward translation by an independent bilingual native English speaker, blinded to the English original version; (4) - final version produced by a multidisciplinary consensus committee; (5) - pre-testing of the final version with 10-20 target-language-native hip and knee OA patients. Results: The process could be followed and completed in all countries. Only slight differences were identified in the structure of the sentences between the original and the translated versions. A large majority of the patients felt that the questionnaire was easy to understand and complete. Only a few minor criticisms were expressed. Moreover, a majority of patients found the concepts of constant pain and pain that comes and goes to be of a great pertinence and were very happy with the distinction. Conclusion: The ICOAP questionnaire is now available for multi-center international studies. (c) 2009 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- Topczewski, Lukasz, et al.
(författare)
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Radar Tomography : Sustainable Bridges Background document SB3.8
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among different ways of radar data acquisition, tomography has so far not been fully investigated yet. In some cases, traditional B-Scan imaging does not give the operator a full idea of the integrity of civil structures, so tomographic imaging of radar data can provide more detailed information. However, it is much more time consuming than the traditional reflection mode and thus should be used on selected areas only. It requires skilled operators to perform data acquisition and analysis. In addition, radar equipment required to perform a measurement is more sophisticated and expensive. Thus, a guideline for radar operators containing detailed procedures for transmission measurements is presented.Conclusions for UMinho experiments- Attenuation tomography was successfully used to compare results from a velocity tomography- Positions of antennas close to concrete (masonry) edges should be avoided- In case of pillars or walls with an access to more than 2 sides it is advised to perform transmission measurements with full ray coverage (measurements from all sides) in order to increase information needed to detect for example air layers inside concrete or masonry structures.- Areas for testing should be chosen due to antenna penetration possibilities. Each of aradargrams obtained during a measurements should have a strong signal at the receiverantenna
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